News on China's scientific and technological development.

Strangelove

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Chinese technique to squeeze low-carbon compounds from coal could be game-changer​

  • A new synthesis technique known as OXZEO doubled reaction yield for raw materials used in various industrial products
  • Technique could reduce China’s reliance on petroleum for chemical production


Published: 9:00pm, 24 May, 2023 Updated: 9:00pm, 24 May, 2023


A Chinese technique to increase the synthesis of low-carbon compounds from coal could have big implications for China’s reliance on petroleum. Photo: Shutterstock

A Chinese technique to increase the synthesis of low-carbon compounds from coal could have big implications for China’s reliance on petroleum. Photo: Shutterstock

Chinese scientists claim to have made significant advancements in the production of low-carbon compounds derived
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, which could yield substantial economic benefits, and have far-reaching implications for the country’s
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security.

The research has centred on olefins – also known as alkenes – a class of chemical compounds that serve as important raw materials in the production of various industrial products such as plastics, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and even spacecraft.

Olefin production has traditionally
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, but synthesising them from coal involves a more complex process.

In endeavouring to produce olefins
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, the researchers said they were able to double the yield of the previous international record, according to a paper published in the peer-reviewed journal Science on May 19.

By harnessing a new synthesis technique, the research team said it was able to produce a light-olefin yield of 48 per cent, far more than the previously confirmed yield of less than 27 per cent.

Light olefins refer to olefins with fewer carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene and butenes.

The traditional synthesis method, known as the Fischer-Tropsch process, believed to date back to the early 1920s, begins with converting coal into a mix of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The gas mixture, called syngas, is then transformed into olefins. The conversion happens with the help of a specific catalyst – the key element in the process. However, the efficiency of such reactions has always been limited.

In 2016, a research team led by Professor Pan Xiulian and academic Bao Xinhe from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) first proposed a new synthesis technique known as OXZEO. This method used a composite catalyst system that separated the decomposition of the reactants from the formation of products. By separating these two processes, the reaction efficiency was significantly increased.

For the first time, OXZEO managed to shatter the classical limit of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, raising the selectivity of light olefins from 58 to 80 per cent when the conversion rate of carbon monoxide was 17 per cent. The method also consumed less water and emitted fewer exhaust gases because of its higher conversion rate.

Still, the reaction had its limitations – it was not possible to simultaneously increase the conversion rate and selectivity. Achieving a higher conversion rate of carbon monoxide meant that the proportion of olefins in the product would decrease. Conversely, achieving a highly pure product meant that the conversion rate of reactants would decrease.

After another seven years of research, the team was able to improve the catalyst system, which not only promoted the reaction rate, but also suppressed the occurrence of side reactions. While maintaining a selectivity of more than 80 per cent for light olefins, the catalyst has now achieved a conversion rate of 85 per cent for carbon monoxide.

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has seen booming development in recent years, while further establishing a global reputation. In 2019, China’s ethylene production capacity surpassed Europe’s for the first time. In 2021, it eclipsed the Middle East. Last year, China’s ethylene production capacity of 49.33 million tonnes surpassed that of the United States, which recorded 43.3 million tonnes for the year. The milestone made China the world’s largest producer of ethylene.

“Most ethylene production has used petroleum as a direct raw material. But for China, which is
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but lacks petroleum resources, technology that converts coal to ethylene is strategically significant,” said an analyst with the China National Petroleum Corporation in the Chinese journal International Petroleum Economics.

“Once scaled up, the technology could reduce China’s dependence on petroleum in chemical production,” he said.
In 2020, the technology behind OXZEO – Nano-confined Catalysis – took top prize at the State Natural Science Awards, one of the highest awards for scientists in China.

“In 2020, in collaboration with industry partners, the DICP completed an industrial pilot test that could produce 1,000 tonnes of olefins per year. Now that the reaction yield has been doubled, it’s expected that industrial applications will be further accelerated,” said an official report on the DICP’s website.

“The design idea behind OXZEO should have universal applicability for similar catalyst systems and will fundamentally promote further development in the field of molecular catalysis research,” Pan said.
 

pevade

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The authors conclude with a diagnostic net assessment of the U.S. and Chinese techno-security systems, judging that although the U.S. system is better organized and structured for long-term competition than China’s to be successful the United States cannot be complacent and must take urgent action to improve the performance of its system.
Why does this feel like deja vu?

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gelgoog

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They ripped off way more than that. Take the Soviets. The NK-12 turboprop engine used in the Tu-95 was designed by German engineers. The gas centrifuges used for uranium enrichment were also designed by German engineers. One of the German rocket engineers that the Soviets got was the designer of the Wasserfall air defense system. To this day the Russians still have the best air defense systems.

The first two things were invented by Germans while they were in a work camp supervised by the NKVD. So much for not being able to invent things under totalitarian circumstances.
 
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luminary

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Film effect artists RAVING about the new DJI drone. Apparently its flight paths can be made so precise and reproduceable (centimeter level accuracy), they can simulate fixed robot-controlled cameras, build on old cinematic techniques and open up an entire field of new effects. Huge step for moviemaking as an art medium.

Setting a new benchmark for aerial photography, a robot arm in the sky:
That legit looks like a tour of a map made in Unreal Engine.
The possibilities of what this tech can do is absolutely insane. Imagine a mo-tracked shot once a month over the course of 5 years, just having a seamless cut/transition to a season / time of day
That reverse Move actually felt like you guys had a CG background... It actually fell into that uncanny feel. Never before did a real scene feel soo CG
I've been doing clone shots since I was a wee boy, but that intro was just MIND BLOWING.
 

tphuang

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CEEC signed agreement with Indonesian company to deepen cooperation on clean energy, coal power, upgrading power grid and various other projects

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Jarkarta-Bandung HSR has now started joint commissioning and testing of the project. A little over budget but nothing out of normal

Looks like they are also offering to build and operate HSR in Bangladesh with $11B
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tokenanalyst

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Four scientific research achievements of Shanghai Institute of Optics and Mechanics won the first prize of 2022 Shanghai Science and Technology Award​


  On May 26, 2023, the Shanghai Science and Technology Award Conference was held in Shanghai. Various scientific and technological awards for 2022 were presented at the meeting. The project "Ultrafast Strong Light Field Driven Air Laser Research" project won the first prize of Shanghai Natural Science Award, "Key Technology and Application of High Power Polarization-Independent Spectral Beam Combining Grating" The project won the first prize of Shanghai Technology Invention Award, the project "Key Preparation Technology and Application of 10,000-Watt Ytterbium-doped Large Mode Field Optical Fiber" won the first prize of Shanghai Technology Invention Award, "Key Technology and Application of Coherent Wind Lidar System" The project won the first prize of Shanghai Science and Technology Progress Award.
  The project "Research on Air Lasers Driven by Ultrafast Strong Light Fields" discovered the phenomenon of air lasers driven by ultrafast strong light fields, and proposed a new model of ionization-coupling. Innovative applications of ultrashort lasers in the field of remote sensing.
  Completors: Cheng Ya, Yao Jinping, Xu Huailiang, Liu Yi, Xu Zhizhan​
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Remote Air Laser Concept Diagram​
  The "Key Technology and Application of High Power Polarization-Independent Spectral Beam Combining Grating" project researches and develops core technologies such as grating structure system design and engineering evaluation, precise control of grating structure, thermal distortion detection and temperature rise suppression, which have been successfully applied to high-power optical fiber spectrum synthesis, semiconductor Laser, laser wind radar and other fields.
  Completors: Shao Jianda, Jin Yunxia, Kong Fanyu, Cao Hongchao, Wang Yanzhi, Zhang Yibin, Yi Kui, Wang Rui, He Bing, Zhang Weili, Shen Xuefeng, Liu Shijie, Wang Shenghao​
W020230526354310637162.png

Polarization Independent Beamcombining Grating Products​
  The "Key Preparation Technology and Application of 10,000-Watt Ytterbium-doped Large Mode Field Optical Fiber" project innovated core technologies such as waveguide design, composition design and optical fiber preparation technology of Ytterbium-doped large-mode-field optical fiber, and achieved high-performance 10,000-watt-level Ytterbium-doped large-mode field Batch preparation of optical fibers. It meets the urgent strategic needs of high-end laser optical fiber in my country's industrial manufacturing field. It has greatly promoted the national production process of high-power fiber lasers in my country.
  Completors: Hu Lili, Yu Chunlei, Wang Meng, Zhang Lei, Chen Danping, Feng Suya, Wang Shikai, Shao Chongyun, Qi Yunfeng, Xu Xiaoqing, Wang Fan, Guo Mengting, He Bing, Zhou Qinling, Chen Xiaolong​
W020230526354310876294.png

Ytterbium-doped large mode field optical fiber preform and optical fiber​
  The "Key Technology and Application of Coherent Wind Lidar System" project proposed and designed an all-fiber coherent wind lidar architecture, built a standardized production line with the world's largest production capacity, and formed a series of all-day, wide temperature working, large range, high High-precision, long-life coherent wind-measuring lidar products promote the intelligent upgrading of the wind energy industry and improve the aviation meteorological support capability.
  Completors: Chen Weibiao, Liu Jiqiao, Zhu Xiaopeng, Zhu Hailong, Zhang Xin, Liu Yuan, Deng Chen, Bi Decang, Shi Wei, Jiang Liyuan, Zhu Ren, Zhu Xiaolei, Hu Guyu, Yang Yan, Liu Dan​
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Feed-forward control of nacelle-type wind measuring radar on offshore wind turbines reduces blade load and improves efficiency​

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tphuang

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Huawei recently raised it's production total for its smartphone division.

Now, we see Huawei announce that p60 is top selling phone in china in 4000 to 6000 rmb range. Mate x3 is the top selling phone in china overall.

Huawei is definitely making a comeback in smartphone business even without access to 5g soc

With balong chipset likely to start production again in second half of the year, we may start seeing 5g Huawei phone soon.
 

CMP

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Huawei recently raised it's production total for its smartphone division.

Now, we see Huawei announce that p60 is top selling phone in china in 4000 to 6000 rmb range. Mate x3 is the top selling phone in china overall.

Huawei is definitely making a comeback in smartphone business even without access to 5g soc

With balong chipset likely to start production again in second half of the year, we may start seeing 5g Huawei phone soon.
Problem is they're still using Qualcomm (for now) and NSA is stealing all that data through the now well-known backdoor.
 
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