Its an Indian article criticizing Indian road building near the Indo-Chinese border. This article is focused on nature and the environment. But it does have interesting points that no other mainstream Indian media would dare discuss.
The Union of India’s argument that there is a huge Chinese build up in Tibet and
to fend off another 1962 disaster is disingenuous to say the least.
The argument made in the Supreme Court this week is not really about the defence of India’s borders, but the government’s ability to score political points by enlarging the existing roads to the four holy towns of the region – Yamnotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath, all in Uttarakhand. In other words, the government is invoking the holy mantra of “national security” to overcome the
limiting the width of the carriageway to 5.5 metres.
Its more about political point scoring to please the Hindutva crowds. Invoke the 'China Threat' allow the widening of roads to the 4 holy cities in Uttarakhand. Well he is right. Pretty much every Indian infrastructure project with some fanfare is always hyped up as a 'counter to China'. This is India doing what it does best, hyping up the mundane.
As for the Chinese infrastructure in Tibet, its road systems have been around for more than 40 years. Because the terrain of the Tibetan plateau, across the high Himalayas, is largely flat, the Chinese have built up an impressive logistical network of roads.
But as far as deployments go, India is well served and probably has more forward deployments than the Chinese precisely because of the terrain. The Chinese can move quickly forward, while the difficult Himalayas make the going tough for the Indian side. For that reason, India has always maintained a more forward posture than the Chinese.
This is a good observation. It is contrary to so many of the Indian and Western media hype of Indian troop deployment numerical superiority. He observes that China already built road systems in Tibet for decades, and have built them to an impressive scale. India OTOH has far poorer infrastructure and has more challenging terrain. Therefore China's infrastructure superiority allows it greater surge capacity to the border frontier than India. Therefore China does not need to forward-deploy as many troops as India. India and the West have always completely missed the point and interprets the lack of Chinese forward deployment as a 'weakness'.
Chinese infrastructure superiority has many other benefits that Indian generals and Jai Hinds could not fathom:
1) Logistics. This is very straightforward. Better infrastructure = better logistics for the frontline troops.
2) Robustness. A larger, more comprehensive network of roads is gonna take more effort to take down. But off course the PLA is more than prepared for any attack on Chinese road systems.
3) Troop rotation. Good roads allow more troops to rotate to the harsh border regions and acclimatize. So, more manpower of acclimatized troops are available for reinforcing when the need arises.
4) Morale. Because of easier troop rotation, PLA troops don't have to spend extended periods of time deployed on the harsh frontlines, unlike those Jawans. Also, the better logistics allow for better quality of life for the PLA soldiers. They can get fresher foods, appliances, and more sophisticated things for human comfort to the frontlines.
5) Economic development for the border towns. With more prosperous border towns, the Chinese citizens there can contrast their lives against their Indian counterparts. It'll be good for Chinese patriotism, and also be the envy of the Indians living at the border looking into China.
India and the West likes to talk about the shiny military toys, like the Rafael, METEOR, Brahmos, etc. India likes to talk about the myth of the great super Jawans throwing weak PLA soldiers of a cliff. Well toys and heroes are good for a battle, but history have shown that its always logistics that wins the wars. India has a terrible infrastructure to support a war. Worse still, India is extremely dependent on imported military supplies. It even needs to import ammunition, spare parts, and small arms. Compound this with the real-life performance of Jawans during the Battle of Galwan, the odds of any Indian victory against China is not looking good at all.