How they aren't up to the task? If they can launch sufficient attack wave, they're up for it. Everything else is down to aircraft.
Indian carriers are barely less capable than 001 type, and can together launch ~24 aircraft in one wave(against 001s 14, i.e. 28 for two).
Mig-29 carries good anti-ship missiles, it carries ARMs, it carries good stand off fixed target munitions (Rampage). It has modern jammers, in last Belorussian talisman (barely 2 years old). It even can carry more of those than rafale.
What it doesn't have is AESA and targeting pod - neither terribly relevant for attacking landing operations. And indeed, Rafale(which is in near future) has aesa, targeting pod and longer-range "screw off" weapon.
AESA and AAM don't matter for strike, only to fight their way through (if there is intercept, and it's numerous enough to stop sheer mass of attacking aircraft). Also, things are relative - we still haven't seen PL-15 on carriers, and everything is tied on PL-16. Which is not confirmed operationally.
Against somewhat simpler AAMs, their weapons(RVV-SD and Astra) are perfectly viable.
It's refuelling isn't dissimilar from that SHornets can do. Good enough for immediate refill after take off, doesn't work for anything else. And in this role it's better than Su-33/J-15; 4 tanks is a lot of fuel.
That was cruel against any carrier arm other than US, and 90% applies to China (other than J-15D). 003 isn't operational yet.
Airborne EW doesn't really matter that much in stand off fixed area strikes, though.
Well, attacking landing area v. US is broadly similar to same operations v. non-US.
Not exactly pretty, but there is no magic involved. Yes, it's hard to win against wastly superior force(as Japanese found out in 1944), but this isn't so much about IN carriers at this point. Their capability is here, there's just not enough of it.