News on China's scientific and technological development.

GulfLander

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"A Chinese startup on Thursday reported two significant clinical-trial milestones in brain-computer interface (BCI) research: its flexible BCI device successfully decoded Chinese speech and the precise intended movements of patients in real time.

The 256-channel, high-throughput flexible BCI device achieved 71% speech decoding accuracy using 142 common Chinese syllables as implanted in a 43-year-old female epilepsy patient who had a tumor in the language area of the brain, with a single-character decoding latency of under 100 milliseconds. It enabled the patient to operate a digital avatar to say "Hello" and interact with the AI model, claimed by the company as the world's first "mind-to-AI large model" dialogue.

The device also helped a 21-year-old female epilepsy patient with a space-occupying lesion in the brain's motor area play computer games, operate common smartphone apps, and control smart home and wheelchair systems without body movement, significantly enhancing her daily-life capabilities.[...]"

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supercat

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First stem cell therapy got conditional approval.
GVHD is a serious complication that can occur after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that is characterized by tissue inflammation and fibrosis primarily affecting the skin, gastrointestinal tract, liver, lungs, and mucosal surfaces, the NMPA said. The Animimatuo injection is a human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell preparation, providing a new treatment option.
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sunnymaxi

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Ex-Dassault aerospace physicist leaves US for China to lead new energy research​

Chen Hudong is a pioneer in the simulation of fluid dynamics, which has applications for defence and other hi-tech industries..​

Eminent computational
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Chen Hudong – an elected member of the US National Academy of Engineering (NAE) – has left the United States after more than four decades to take up a full-time position in China.

Chen retired in April as scientific director of software multinational Dassault Systèmes, part of the French Dassault Group, which also boasts one of the world’s largest manufacturers of combat aircraft, including Mirages and Rafales.

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SanWenYu

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In 2024, Chinese scientists conducted a study on 11 mountain climbers with physiological samples and data collected at five different elevations during "extreme altitude mountaineering" to analyze how human bodies react to and cope with the extreme environment changes. Bio-engineered super PLA soldiers coming soon!

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1月1日,由华大生命科学研究院主导的一项研究发表于《细胞—报告》。该研究利用细胞组学和质谱检测技术,对登山者在攀登过程中的多组学变化进行了深入分析,全面揭示了高海拔攀登过程中人体免疫系统和代谢的动态变化,为理解高海拔环境对登山者的影响提供了新的视角。

高海拔登山是一项极限运动,登山者常常需要面临如低压性缺氧、寒冷、低湿度以及强紫外线辐射等极端条件所带来的考验。为适应氧气供应的减少,人类身体会启动多种生理反应,如增强通气、增加心输出量,以及改善组织的氧气摄取能力。然而,长时间在高海拔环境中进行体力活动,可能导致人体面临更大的生理和代谢压力,从而带来高原病、体重下降、免疫功能障碍和感染风险增加等一系列健康问题。

2022年,华大集团启动“珠峰行动计划”,即到2024年完成对包括珠峰在内的系列高海拔山峰攀登。其间,该计划收集志愿者登山的生物样本和数据,用单细胞等多组学的前沿技术探索人体适应机制。

在该项研究中,为深入探讨高海拔登山过程中人体免疫和代谢的变化,研究团队对11名登山者在攀登过程中的五个关键节点进行系统性的样本分析,包含了375722个免疫细胞的单细胞转录组测序,以及血浆中309种代谢物和717种复杂脂质的质谱检测,成功绘制了登山者外周免疫细胞的单细胞图谱,并发现其免疫细胞的组成在登山过程中产生的显著变化。

研究者还对主要免疫亚群进行了详细的亚聚类分析,探索了登山者在高海拔适应期与极端攀登期两个不同时期中免疫细胞比例、基因表达、功能通路和转录调控因子的动态变化。结果表明,关键细胞亚群的功能特征发生了显著变化:在高海拔适应期,髓系细胞亚群中的炎症反应下调,而CD8+ T细胞、γδ T细胞等免疫效应增强;在极端高海拔攀登期间,炎症反应被激活,同时T细胞的效应功能受到抑制,而免疫细胞对缺氧和氧化应激的反应则显著增强。这些发现表明,人体在高海拔环境中可能可以通过复杂的免疫和代谢机制来适应极端条件。

值得关注的是,在极端高海拔攀登期间,一些免疫亚群中的糖酵解和抗氧化基因的表达显著上调,其中包括关键转录因子HIF1A和NFE2L2。这说明人体免疫细胞在极端高海拔环境中会经历代谢重编程,增强抗氧化能力,这对于维持免疫细胞的基本功能至关重要。

此外,研究还观察到谷氨酰胺和脂肪酸等血浆代谢物的增加,这些代谢变化可能是帮助登山者在高海拔环境中改善能量状态的重要机制。

该研究通过多组学分析,系统揭示了高海拔登山不同阶段的人体免疫和代谢特征,不仅加深了对高海拔环境挑战下人体生理机能的理解,也将为高海拔医学研究及登山者健康管理提供重要科学依据。

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tphuang

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又添“大国重器”,全球最大打桩船“二航长青”号在江苏交付​

2025/1/5 14:36:54 来源:
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作者:沛霖(实习) 责编:沛霖
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1 月 5 日消息,据央广网报道,1 月 5 日,世界上桩架最高、吊桩能力最大、施打桩长最长、抗风浪能力最强的“二航长青”号打桩船在江苏启东海工船舶工业园顺利交付。它的交付标志着中国在海洋工程装备制造领域又添“大国重器”。

World's largest pile driving ship was delivered to China. This is for marine engineering equipment. mainly to build piles in offshore platform.
 

SanWenYu

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Scientists of USTC created a degradable bionic clear film. It has great barrier properties and high tensile strength of 100MPa. Mixed in compost, this film can degrade completely in 60 days.

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中新网合肥1月6日电(记者张俊)记者6日从中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院获悉,中国科大俞书宏院士团队研制出一种新型仿生可降解复合薄膜,其高强度、高阻隔性和优异的光学性能,为食品、药品等包装材料领域提供了新的选择。

据科研成果转化团队负责人李德涵介绍,该款聚乳酸高性能复合薄膜材料,基于团队首创的纳米云母片的宏量合成方法,将得到的纳米云母片与聚乳酸复合实现了材料性能的全面升级。该材料的力学拉伸强度高达100 MPa,同时具备优异的阻隔性能。这种材料具有优异的生物可降解性,在堆肥条件下,60 天内即可完成降解,为解决塑料污染问题提供了有效途径。

科研团队在提升性能的同时,通过纳米填料的加入,显著降低了生产成本。这一创新为其在柔性传感、高阻隔薄膜和电子器件基底等多个行业的应用提供了可能。团队还通过自主研发的装置设备,实现了复合薄膜材料的仿生有序组装,为大规模生产提供了技术保障。李德涵说:“我们产品有三大核心技术,分别是云母纳米化技术、原料合成技术和薄膜成型技术。”

李德涵说,在全球范围内,越来越多的企业和消费者开始关注并采用可降解材料,以减少对环境的影响。未来,团队将继续探索该材料在食品、药品以及高端可持续包装材料等领域的应用。
 
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