News on China's scientific and technological development.

SanWenYu

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CAS scientists harvested soybeans planted in test field in alkali soil land of the Songneng plain. The average crop yield is about 211 kg per mu (1 mu is 667 sqare meters).

While famous as the "barn of China" because of its vast land of fertile black soil, the Songneng plain also has about 4 million hectares of alkali soil land. Now these alkali soil land is considered the most potential area for the future growth of crop production.

On expert estimated that all the alkali soil land of the Songneng plain can produce as much as 20 million tonnes of corns and soybeans

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中科院在松嫩平原盐碱地取得创新成果​

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松原10月13日电 (记者 郭佳)“经覆沙改良的盐碱地,种植‘东生118’大豆亩产211.08千克。”

记者近日随中科院东北地理与农业生态研究所农业专家前往大安示范区长岭示范基地进行测产。测产结果一经公布,现场响起热烈掌声。这意味着贫瘠的盐碱地也能实现高产。

松嫩平原是中国名副其实的“大粮仓”,但这里除了肥沃的黑土地,还有近400万公顷贫瘠的盐碱地。现在,它们被视为中国粮食增产最有潜力的地区之一。

测产专家组认为,“东生118”大豆品种可以在大安、松原等苏打盐碱地区大面积推广应用。该品种的成功培育为边际土地增加大豆种植面积提供了优良品种。

“东生118”大豆品种由中科院东北地理与农业生态研究所冯献忠团队利用分子设计技术选育,其研发的“中科豆芯”系列大豆液相育种芯片,使大豆后代选育效率较传统育种提高80%以上,打破了国外在这一方面的技术垄断。

长出高产大豆的盐碱地使用了覆沙技术,这种技术主要应用在旱田,与水田“以稻治碱”形成互补。中科院连续11年观测发现,覆盖20厘米至30厘米风沙土效果最佳,辅之保护性耕作技术可有效解决返碱现象。

中科院东北地理与农业生态研究所研究员黄迎新介绍,松嫩平原盐碱地周围存在100多万公顷沙地,这为覆沙改良盐碱地提供了丰富资源。沙土被移走后亦可恢复原有植被类型,不减少林地或草地面积。

黄迎新认为,如果能将松嫩平原盐碱地合理改良,种植玉米、大豆等作物,具有增产200亿斤至400亿斤粮食的潜力,亦能缓解中国大豆高度依赖进口的困境。
 

SanWenYu

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Sinopec started producing 48K large-tow carbon fiber from its first indigenous production line in Shanghai. China has long been able to produce small-tow carbin fiber. The high price of small-tow carbon fiber had hindered wider uses and applications. Sinopec worked with more than 10 universities and institutions for more than 10 years and finally made the breakthrough.

This production line will reach full capacity in 2024 to produce 12 thousand tons of large-tow carbin fiber and 24 thousand tons of carbon fiber precursor annually.

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10月13日,记者从中国石化新闻办获悉,我国首个万吨级48K大丝束碳纤维工程第一套国产线近日在中国石化上海石化碳纤维产业基地投料开车,并生产出合格产品,产品性能媲美国外同级别产品。这标志中国石化大丝束碳纤维从关键技术突破、工业试生产、产业化,成功走向规模化生产。

在碳纤维行业内,通常将每束碳纤维根数大于4.8万根(简称48K)的称为大丝束碳纤维。该条48K大丝束碳纤维国产线可实现规模化、高品质生产。该项目采用中国石化自主开发的PAN (聚丙烯腈)基大丝束原丝、碳纤维技术,分两个阶段实施,计划于2024年全部建成投产,届时共达到2.4万吨/年原丝、1.2万吨/年大丝束碳纤维产能。

大丝束碳纤维性能优越,被称为“新材料之王”“黑黄金”。上海石化研发生产的大丝束碳纤维,是一种含碳量在95%以上的高强度新型纤维材料。其力学性能优异,比重不到钢的四分之一,强度却是钢的7至9倍,并且还具有耐腐蚀的特性。此外,48K大丝束最大的优势是在相同的生产条件下,不仅可以大幅度提高碳纤维单线产能和质量性能,还可以实现生产低成本化,从而打破碳纤维高昂价格带来的应用局限。

“新材料之王”应用场景广泛,如风能、太阳能、高铁动车、飞机部件等。长期以来,中国的碳纤维发展主要是在小丝束碳纤维方面实现了突破,但是由于小丝束碳纤维成本高,影响了下游企业应用碳纤维的积极性。中国石化联合10余家高校、科研院所、企业,经过十余年努力,我国碳纤维实现了从12K到48K的重大突破,成功实现研发生产技术从量变到质变的飞跃。中国石化成为国内第一家、全球第四家掌握大丝束碳纤维技术的企业。
 

escobar

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The Japanese science community was both stunned and alarmed when Akira Fujishima, an 80-year-old chemist who is widely regarded as a potential Japanese Nobel laureate for his photocatalysis studies, relocated to China with his research team last year. Fujishima, a former president of the Tokyo University of Science, accepted a full-time position at the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology. Observers said Fujishima and his team were looking for an education facility where they could continue their studies—and that school was located in China
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sunnymaxi

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Shanghai is going to accelerate the development of smart factories and digital infrastructure in the coming years, hoping to build 200 demonstration intelligent factories by 2025, according to the Shanghai Commission of Economy and Informatization.

The municipal government looks to launch 20 benchmark intelligent factories, 200 demo smart factories, as well as 1,000 intelligent manufacturing scenes in the next three years.

According to Tang Wenkan, deputy director of Shanghai Commission of Economy and Informatization, intelligent manufacturing is the in-depth integration of next generation information technology and advanced manufacturing technology, which is also the trend for future digitalization.

The Shanghai Commission of Economy and Informatization will spare no effort in promoting Shanghai's high-quality development in intelligent manufacturing, Tang said.
 

Strangelove

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China releases 1st global standard for scenario-based autonomous vehicle tests

China officially released the first international standard for scenario-based testing of autonomous vehicles on Thursday.
The new International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard was titled "2022 Road vehicles – Test scenarios for automated driving systems – Vocabulary."

The standard clarifies basic terms and elements of automated driving test scenarios, laying the foundation for subsequent scenario-based test settings, said Wang Zhao, director of the Standardization Institute of China Automotive Technology & Research Center in an interview with CCTV.

With the popularization of autonomous driving, traditional vehicle testing and evaluation methods can no longer catch up, so a new testing and evaluation system based on complex test scenarios should be set up, Wang added.

Meanwhile, Chinese experts have launched a series of international standard projects with peers from 20 countries in this field, including scenario vocabulary, safety assessment framework and the scope for design and operation, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT).

The ministry said it will work together with relevant local entities to fully utilize the country's rich experiences and dynamic innovation in the automobile industry to accelerate the research and development of this advanced technology, MIIT said in a statement.

It also pledged to continue contributing to international standards-setting and the development of regulations.

China has implemented favorable policies over the past two years to spur the commercialization of driverless vehicles.

In November 2021, Beijing made its Yizhuang District a pilot zone for autonomous driving, allowing companies such as Chinese tech giant Baidu Inc. and self-driving start-up Pony.ai to operate a commercial robotaxi business.

Shanghai has set the goal to have Level 3 autonomous driving cars account for more than 70 percent of new car production in the city by 2025. "Level 3" refers to conditional automated driving, where the vehicle can perform most tasks but human drivers are expected to resume control in emergency situations.
 

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Medical robot maker aims to break into European market​


By MA SI | CHINA DAILY | Updated: 2022-10-10 06:59

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High-tech medical robots are displayed at Tinavi's booth during the 2022 World Robot Conference held in Beijing in August. [PHOTO/CHINA DAILY]

With CSA certificate, tech pioneer pushes to apply for EU sales license

Tinavi Medical Technologies Co Ltd, a Chinese pioneer in medical robots, is applying for the CE marking in Europe as part of its broader push to break into overseas markets.

The CE marking is an abbreviation of the French phrase "Conformite Europeenne", which translates as "European Conformity". It is a conformity mark used to monitor and regulate goods sold within the European Union.

Ma Min, president of Tinavi, said: "We are in the middle and late stages of applying for the CE marking, and we hope to get approved for the EU sales license in the near future."

The move marks big progress for Tinavi, which has brought China's first homegrown orthopedic surgical robot to the market. By the end of last year, the company's orthopedic surgical robots had been used in more than 20,000 orthopedic surgeries in China.

In December, Tinavi's TiRobot II, a robotics-guided orthopedic surgical system, obtained the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) certificate, which the company said made it the first orthopedic surgical robot from China with technology qualified for entry into the North American market.

The CSA is a not-for-profit membership-based association headquartered in Toronto. It develops consensus standards to help protect the health and safety of Canadians and is also recognized around the world.

The robotics-guided orthopedic surgical system is applied in trauma surgery on the cervical spine, thorax, lumbar area, sacrum, pelvis and limbs. It was certified under the latest industry standards, including product safety regulations, medical software, availability and specialized robot performance standards, the company said.

"The surgical robot's complexity is an aggregation of many modern high-tech elements," said Ge Yanqing, vice-president of the Canadian Standards Association Group. "The surgical robot is more technologically sophisticated and precise, with higher added value, than other robots. In China, surgical robots have been applied to orthopedics, neurosurgery, cardiology, gynecology and other operations."

Xu Jin, CEO of Tinavi, said it is well known that medical standards and requirements in North America are among the strictest in the world. "Therefore, the CSA Group certificate is a recognition of the company's techniques and quality, and may pave the way for Tinavi to obtain necessary approvals to enter the international market," Xu said.

Huang Junhui, secretary of the board of directors at Tinavi, said the CSA certification is equivalent to a prerequisite for applying to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

"The CSA is a certification body recognized by the FDA. After this certification, we have the qualifications to apply to the FDA."

Tinavi, founded in 2006, holds over 100 patents, the company said. It was listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange in July 2020 and became the first listed medical robot enterprise in China, raising about 448 million yuan ($61.8 million).

This year, a new integrated surgical treatment called Viper Prime& TiRobot was launched in the market. This new product was jointly developed by US healthcare giant Johnson & Johnson and Tinavi, and it has integrated TiRobot and Viper Prime, an advanced, minimally invasive implant system of Johnson & Johnson. The companies said it provides surgeons with efficient and intelligent services and will benefit more patients with spinal problems.

The move marked the latest step in cooperation between Johnson &Johnson and Tinavi. In October 2019, the two sides signed an agreement on business and research cooperation.

Tian Wei, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said traditional bone surgeries typically demand a high degree of steady surgical experience, as well as high precision and a clear view of the injuries. In such cases, the need for deep incisions and exposure to multiple X-rays may elevate medical risks.

Robots can apply minimally invasive orthopedic solutions to these difficulties, Tian said.

Tian conducted the world's first robot-assisted surgery on the upper cervical vertebrae in 2015 by using Tinavi's robots. Back then, Tian was the president of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital.

He said, it is notable that midsized hospitals in China are more eager to buy orthopedic surgery robots than large hospitals.

"In the past, midsized hospitals did not dare to perform very sophisticated operations, and they would recommend patients to transfer to larger hospitals. But now, surgical robots can provide a great deal of assistance in carrying out such surgeries," Tian said.
 
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