To be clear, the DGCA didn't reverse the entire FDTL law. The required weekly rest was increased from 36 hours to 48 hours (that hasn't changed), but they did reverse the clause mandating that 'leave cannot substitute mandatory rest.' Basically it makes it easier for airlines to comply with the 48 hour rule on paper by using leave. It's an incredibly important detail that practically defangs the law by removing a crucial enforcement mechanism while keeping the headline figure (no doubt to minimize public backlash).As the Indian airlines industry crisis deepens, Indian government chickened out and reversed it's rule to reduce pilot working hours. A rule that they have been wanting to impose for 18 months.
Indian media is mostly complaining about monopoly by IndiGo. 90% of the domestic market is dominated by IndiGo and Air India, with IndiGo taking a 65% share. Which I don't think is that unusual as many other countries also have one or two airlines dominating the domestic market.
This appears to be a case of a lack of enforcement and cooperation between the Indian government and a private airline company. And in the battle between the Indian govt and a private airline, the Indian government folded first.
On top of all that, they granted a "temporary exemption" SPECIFICALLY to IndiGo, which allows their pilots to continue making up to 6 night landings per week according to the old rules, as opposed to the new limit of 2 per week. Night operations are the most commercially sensitive areas for low-cost carriers like IndiGo in maintaining their profitability. Night operations are also more dangerous because of the WOCL. This is particularly egregious because it's tantamount to DGCA saying out loud, "We value airline profitability over maintaining pilot and passenger safety standards, and we don't care about regulatory parity either."
People like to ask, "Why is India so underdeveloped/backwards?" This right here is one of the most visceral and clearest examples of textbook regulatory capture. The airline just straight up blackmailed the government and the government folded. So why is India still so poor? Because of this endless cycle of corporate interests hijacking the state, twisting rules, and getting special treatment. You won't find a better explanation than this... imo this is the real anchor that's dragging the country down, more than poverty or infrastructure or anything else.

