Chinese semiconductor thread II

tokenanalyst

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Design of a grazing incidence illumination system for anamorphic extreme ultraviolet lithography​

Abstract​


High-numerical-aperture (NA) anamorphic extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) is the next-generation technology under advanced technology nodes. The design of the illumination system requires achieving better illumination uniformity while ensuring energy efficiency. However, the traditional four-mirror structure illumination system ignores the impact of energy efficiency. In this paper, a grazing incidence illumination system design method is proposed. The illumination system adopts a grazing incidence relay system structure to improve energy efficiency and ensure good illumination uniformity. To realize different illumination modes and eliminate ray obstruction between adjacent field facet mirrors, a multiparameter double facet mirror assignment method is proposed. In this work, the double facet mirrors’ multiparameter automatic alignment assignment model is established. Then the model parameters are optimized by using the Kuhn–Munkres algorithm to minimize the cost function. The optimal allocation relationship for double facet mirrors is obtained by using the proposed method. Through the above methods, an EUV illumination system matching an NA 0.55 anamorphic projection objective is designed. The simulation results show that the illumination system can achieve a mask plane illumination uniformity of 99% under different illumination modes, and the energy efficiency of the illumination system is 23.6%. Compared with the traditional four-mirror illumination system, the energy efficiency of the illumination system has improved by 28.2%.

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tokenanalyst

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Oriental Jingyuan starts HPO2.0 product planning and development: building an intelligent full-process process optimization system.

DTCO breaks through the limitations of traditional one-way processes, not only covering the joint optimization of unit layout, but also developing a variety of methods and tools including design for manufacturing (DFM) and design for test (DFT), realizing the deep integration of the design end and the manufacturing end. Today, DTCO has become one of the core technologies in chip manufacturing and is widely used by advanced chip manufacturers such as TSMC and Samsung to accelerate process upgrades and improve the yield of new products.

Adhering to the original intention of the HPO concept, Oriental Jingyuan has been working hard to deepen its roots in the fields of computational lithography and chip manufacturing volume detection over the past 11 years since its establishment, and has gradually built a HPO strategic product series.

DMC (Design Manufacturability Check): It enables rapid manufacturability checks of design layout lithography results and builds a bridge between back-end physical design tools and computational lithography tools.

· PHD (Patterning Hotspot Detection): realizes comprehensive simulation detection of bad spots in the patterning process of the mask plate and improves the accuracy of mask manufacturing;

ODAS (Offiline Data Analysis System): enables the direct creation of CD-SEM recipes using design layouts, improving CD-SEM measurement efficiency;

PME (Process Margin Explorer): enables classification and grouping of DRSEM results based on the design layout, significantly improving the effectiveness of DRSEM results;

YieldBook : Integrates design data and chip manufacturing yield-related data on the same platform, breaking down the strict barriers between design data and manufacturing data, and providing a data foundation for HPO overall yield optimization.

HPO2.0 Strategic Planning: AI-driven Intelligent Upgrade
In recent years, with the advancement of AI technology, especially the rapid development of domestic AI models, it has become possible to further realize more efficient and intelligent HPO solutions. At the same time, due to the company's forward-looking layout in the underlying architecture, starting from Day One, Oriental Jingyuan's computational lithography product PanGen has been based on the hybrid supercomputing architecture of CPU+GPU and CUDA development since the early stage of research and development. It can run in the same computing environment as the AI framework, and can naturally be highly compatible with the current technological dividends of AI technology's rapid development. Against this background, Oriental Jingyuan officially launched the HPO2.0 product planning and gradually carried out related development work. The HPO2.0 plan will integrate AI functions into Oriental Jingyuan's existing products, and use AI to create new products and applications, covering computational lithography, yield equipment and yield management software products, aiming to promote the progress of China's integrated circuit design and manufacturing through integrated solutions.

In the field of computational lithography:
We will use the introduction of AI-related capabilities to improve the accuracy of the current optical proximity correction (OPC) model, and carry out etching modeling, complete the curve mask reverse lithography optimization process, and also need to deploy the layout of the whole chip fuzzy matching. With the assistance of AI, the improvement of layout-related basic capabilities provides technical support for the in-depth development of Oriental Jingyuan's computational lithography products, which will help further consolidate Oriental Jingyuan's leading position in domestic computational lithography products.

In terms of yield equipment products: We will introduce AI capabilities for all of Oriental Jingyuan's yield equipment products, and use AI to assist Oriental Jingyuan's yield equipment products in achieving control optimization, fault analysis, image processing, data mining and other functions, so that Oriental Jingyuan's yield equipment products will gain unique advantages in AI applications and promote the upgrade of yield equipment from "data collection and analysis" to "intelligent decision-making."

Fab yield data analysis products: We will use AI technology to create a series of yield analysis AI tools, such as an integrated process modeling tool that combines software and hardware, and establish a full-chain data platform from design layout to chip yield. On this data platform, we will establish a variety of AI process models and AI yield models to achieve an intelligent detection solution that combines software and hardware.

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european_guy

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Industry notes obtained from a ByteDance insider



A lot of interesting info on ByteDance AI capex if legit.

Annual AI CapEx is around RMB 90 billion+, with an additional RMB 50 billion+ for CPUs, totaling approximately RMB 150 billion ($20B)

ByteDance's current GPU card inventory: A100 has 16,000-17,000 units, A800 has 60,000 units, H800 has 24,000-25,000 units; overseas H100 has over 20,000 units, H20 has 270,000 units, and tens of thousands of cards like L20/L40.

This is the shopping list for 2025 (apart from Nvidia and AMD):
RMB 8 billion Ascend servers (comprising 20,000 units of 910B and over 50,000 units of 910C), and over RMB 8 billion Cambricon servers (over 10,000 units stored at the end of last year, around 1,000+ machines; Q1 2025 will add 3,500+ machines, Q2 2025 will add 5,000 machines), with the remainder being other domestic cards.

Here Cambricon is the surprise, this may explain the huge jump in revenues/profit in the last quarter

In 2024, daily token usage is 4 trillion; by the end of 2025, it is projected to be 40 trillion tokens daily (requiring 550,000 chips for model inference, 70% training chips and 30% inference chips), currently at 12 trillion tokens daily.

40T tokens/day is beyond huge! Just for reference, training of a big SOTA model like DeepSeek, LLAma or Qwen requires 15/20T tokens...and it takes some months!
 

tphuang

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Industry notes obtained from a ByteDance insider


40T tokens/day is beyond huge! Just for reference, training of a big SOTA model like DeepSeek, LLAma or Qwen requires 15/20T tokens...and it takes some months!
that's why I find this set of notes a little fishy. That seems not possible even if they are just so great at transcribing text from videos. I cannot imagine even with few hundred million users per day, you can yield 40T tokens.

btw, I wrote this a while ago, but Tencent with Weibo has enough chips to handle 8 million users at the same time right now and they are really fast. even if ByteDance gets close to 8 million users peak, it seems crazy to generate 40T tokens
 

GulfLander

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