Chinese Economics Thread

Re: Australia warns China on spy case

Australia warns China on spy case

Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has warned that China has big economic interests at stake in the case of a mining executive accused of spying.

He said the matter was being watched closely from abroad.

Mr Rudd has been under pressure at home to be more assertive with China, to better protect the detained Australian citizen, Stern Hu.

China says it has evidence of spying, bribery and theft of state secrets in a widening probe of the steel industry.

"Australia of course has significant economic interests in its relationship with China, but I also want to remind our Chinese friends that China too has significant economic interests at stake in its relationship with Australia and with its other commercial partners around the world," Mr Rudd told a press conference.

The Shanghai-based staff of the Anglo-American mining firm Rio Tinto, including Australian Stern Hu, Rio's top iron ore salesman there, are accused of stealing state secrets from Chinese steel mills.

China has widened its investigation into the industry's workings by investigating executives at Chinese state-owned steel firms in recent days.

Investigation



Rio Tinto said markets remained tough
Also on Wednesday, Rio Tinto reported second-quarter results, indicating that markets were remaining tough with demand slowing.

Production of bauxite, alumina and aluminium were all reduced, but on the upside iron ore production rose for the three month period by 8% from a year earlier.

Rio Tinto has not yet finalised price settlements for iron ore sales to certain customers, including steel mills in China. But deals with Japan, Korea and Taiwan have been reached.

"Deliveries continue to other customers on a provisional price or spot sales basis," said Rio Tinto chief executive Tom Albanese.

Reports suggest the spying case is complicating talks between China and iron ore suppliers around the world.

Cutting debt

In June, Rio Tinto abandoned a $19.5bn deal with China's state-owned Chinalco in favour of a tie-up with rival giant BHP Billiton, to the anger of some in Beijing.

The firm has been seeking to reduce the $38bn of debt it took on to buy the Canadian aluminium group Alcan in 2007.

In its second-quarter results, Rio said it had continued to press ahead with steps to cut costs and bring down levels of net debt.

After it pulled out of its deal with Chinalco, Rio sought other ways to raise cash. Recently it completed a £15.2bn rights issue and the firm is to offload investments worth £3.7bn.


Follow up on the Rio Tinto scandal in 2009. Despite Western media and government's demonization of Chinese motive on this case. The simple fact was that Rio Tinto condone and turned a blind eye on the bribery and espionage conducted by their employees in China.

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Rio slipped up in China, says former ambassador Raby

Rio's governance mistake was to leave the locals in charge of its business, and people like Mr Hu in the same job for upwards of 15 years, he said.

In a tacit admission that its processes and management control were inadequate at the time, Rio -- which would not comment publicly on the matter -- has shifted many of its key iron ore sales and marketing functions from China to Singapore, The Australian has learned.

Those steps were made as part of a review of its China operations by a board committee initiated in 2010 but whose findings were never made public.

The moves mimic those that Rio's key rival, BHP Billiton, made many years before, partly as a strategy to ameliorate its risk in China, where business is soaked in systematic corruption.

Former Rio employees who declined to be named said warnings from the company's Shanghai and Singapore offices to its Perth iron ore headquarters about possible corruption were routinely ignored despite one employee being fired for taking bribes in 2001 and constant talk of such practices in the sector.

Despite the incident exposing long-term management failure and tarnishing Rio's brand, there was no punishment of executives more senior than the salesmen who now languish in Shanghai prisons.

Following the jailing of Mr Hu and his colleagues, Rio has worked overtime to rebuild its links with its largest customers, jumping into two joint ventures with Chinalco -- the $20 billion Simandou iron ore project in Guinea and a rare exploration venture in China.
 
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Equation

Lieutenant General
Re: Australia warns China on spy case

Argentina Plans Biggest Wind Project With Loan From China

An Argentinean renewable-energy developer is planning Latin America’s biggest wind-power project, saying it expects to obtain $3 billion in financing from China Development Bank Corp.
Generadora Eolica Argentina del Sur SA said it will receive the funds to install 1,350 megawatts of Chinese turbines across 45,000 hectares (111,200 acres) in the Chubut province in the nation’s south, Eduardo Restuccia, executive vice president of the Buenos Aires-based company known as Geassa, said in a telephone interview today.
Latin American developers are buying Chinese wind turbines that are packaged with financing that’s less expensive and easier to arrange than loans from local banks, which aren’t familiar with the economics of wind farms. Such deal are especially attractive in Argentina, which has been blocked from international bond markets since it defaulted on $95 billion of debt during a financial crisis in 2001 and 2002.
“Argentina can’t get finance from Europe or the U.S.,” Restuccia said. “That gives the Chinese a unique exclusivity tool” for financing energy projects in the region.
The 12-year loan will have an annual interest rate of 6.25 percent above Libor, the London Interbank Offer Rate, and a two- year grace period, he said. Other than some government credit programs for housing, long-term debt loans are rarely offered in Argentina and commercial rates for short-term debt exceed 20 percent.
“We not only hope, but have good grounds to believe that the financial closing will be around December this year,” Restuccia said in an e-mail yesterday.
China’s Beijing Construction Engineering Group, which will build the project, and the Chinese turbine supplier, which hasn’t been identified, will jointly own 25 percent.
Financing Unavailable
“There are very few financing lines for large infrastructure projects” in the region, Eduardo Tabbush, an analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance in London, said in a telephone interview. Lenders including the Washington-based Inter-American Development Bank and International Finance Corp. are still reluctant to lend to Argentina following the default.
The $3.5 billion wind project will furnish 4 percent of the nation’s power once fully operational in 2017, Restuccia said. The first 150 megawatts is expected to start producing power in February 2015, he said. It will be larger than a 306-megawatt cluster of wind farms in Mexico that’s currently Latin America’s biggest wind-energy cluster, according to New Energy Finance.
Geassa expects to receive an initial $1 billion tranche in January 2013 to build the first 300 megawatts and a 295- kilometer (183-mile) transmission line linking it to the grid, he said. Corporacion Andina de Fomento, the Caracas-based development lender, is helping to structure the debt, which will be guaranteed by China’s state-owned export credit insurance owner Sinosure.
‘Tremendous Project’
Geassa expects to sign this month a 15-year contract to sell power from the project to the wholesale energy administrator Cia. Administradora del Mercado Mayorista Electrico SA, he said. The company was created in 2008 to develop the project and then shelved it after the global banking crisis.
Located 400 kilometers from the nearest port, it will be a “tremendous project,” Restuccia said. “There’s no infrastructure nearby. A city will have to be built at the site” to cater for the workers.

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broadsword

Brigadier
Uruguay to Buy 500 Electric Buses from BYD by 2015
=======================================

(How I wish I could breathe diesel smoke free air)

For a while we heard a lot about BYD and how they were going to be the next big thing in electric cars because of their superior battery technology. Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway even invested in the Chinese company. Well, apparently having great battery technology isn't enough... They've scaled back and delayed a lot of their plans for electric cars (maybe they'll come back with a vengeance later once they've worked out the kinks), but they seem to be doing well with electric buses.

We recently wrote about how the city of Windsor was buying some, and now we learn that the president of Uruguay and BYD have signed a deal for 500 electric BYD buses.

"I am very pleased that Uruguay will have this environmental-friendly bus and new technology. I am looking forward to seeing electric vehicle technology in this country as we are very devoted to the protection of the environment," said President Mujica.

Mr. Juan Carlos Lopez Mena, President of Buquebus, Uruguay’s largest tourism company, stated, "I am ready to invest heavily in a natural Uruguay – I will replace my whole tourism bus fleet with new energy buses." BYD Senior Business Director Stanley Lin Tang commented, “Uruguay is an important tourism market yet it imports all of its petroleum. Promoting electric vehicles not only contributes to environmental protection and economic recovery, but it also improves Uruguay's energy security." Dr. Sasson Attie, President of CTS Auto S.A. represented the third partner of the project.

The BYD GreenCity buses in question have a range of 250 kilometers (155 miles) per charge in urban conditions, where they will be used. Energy consumption is less than 130 kWh per 100 km. They are powered by BYD's Iron-Phosphate battery technology, boasting the "highest safety, longest service life and most environmentally-friendly rechargeable chemistry" according to the company.

The BYD buses have been in service in four cities including Shenzhen, Changsha, Shaoguan and Xi’an accumulating over 5.6 million kilometers (or 3.4 M miles) by the end of April 2012. The first BYD electric buses will arrive in Uruguay before end of 2012 with targets to have over 500 buses running on roads by 2015.
 

Equation

Lieutenant General
Here's some positive news about how Americans really envy this Chinese CEOs action, go read the many comments on it at the bottom of the article.


This Chinese Computer CEO Will Restore Your Faith in Humanity

Bonuses make up a huge part of executive pay in the United States, and though Chinese incentive structures are different, the same is true there. The CEO of Lenovo (LNGVY), a major Chinese computer parts maker, has found a pretty darn nice way to spend his.
Yang Yuanqing took in a $3 million bonus after the company reported a massive 73% jump in profits in the first three months of the year, ending Lenovo's best fiscal year to date.
The company thanked Yang for his performance with an extra $3 million, and he gave it all away to 10,000 lower-ranked employees in Lenovo's offices, call centers, and factories. Each worker received 2000 renminbi,or $314.
This is about the equivalent of a month's salary for many Lenovo workers.
Before you call Yang a selfless working-class hero, keep in mind that the $3 million is only part of the $14 million that he has been awarded in various ways including salary, stock, and other benefits for his work at the company.
Certainly, the employees of other tech companies are hoping that their CEOs follow suit.
According to a study by the Economic Policy Institute, CEO compensation has outpaced the average worker's pay by astonishing margins over the past few decades. CEO compensation grew by a shocking 725% between 1978 and 2011, far outpacing the growth of the stock market. The average worker's pay has only risen by 5.7% in the same period.
Lenovo's rise in the market for PCs has been quite prodigious in the past few years. It blew past Dell (DELL) and it's rapidly closing the gap between itself and Hewlett-Packard (HPQ) in the global market for PCs running Microsoft (MSFT) Windows, according to this chart by IDC. In the global computer market, Apple (AAPL) doesn't make it into the top five, but it is third in US computer sales.

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bladerunner

Banned Idiot
Just a general interest story. I thought this would be as good a place as any.



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More than 30 top Chinese students from "key" high schools will visit the Midwest this summer to begin a 10-year relationship between the people of the Mississippi and Yangtze basins using culture, conservation and commerce as diplomatic tools that support a renewal of the Shanghai Communique in 2022.

The program was described as "a project with a great deal of promise and imagination" by former Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger before he died last year. It also responds to Chinese Vice President Xi Jinping's call for innovative, people-to-people projects that emphasize mutual respect and win-win initiatives. Mr. Xi visited Muscatine, IA on the Mississippi in February and made his comments to its residents who visited China in June.

"We are excited to be part of history in connecting the people of our countries, using rivers as bridges," said Xiaojun Lu, president of the Environment and Public Health Network for Chinese Students and Scholars, which is sponsoring the nearly three-week event along with the Iowa and Wisconsin Departments of Natural Resources.

The educational program is called Rivers as Bridges. Students will learn scientific procedures in field research, wet labs, and hands-on experiments in natural resources sciences with study about air, water, biology, soil, fisheries, wildlife, and wetlands.

They will tour universities, camp, fish, swim and do service projects in Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin. They will meet US students, attend a family friendship dinner and share culture with Ho Chunk youth and then join them at a water park. The students will make posters on science and friendship and earn a recommended credit from the Northland Pines High School in Eagle River, WI.

A Rivers as Bridges goal, Lu said, is to begin a youth-inspired relationship that can result in a renewal of the 1972 Shanghai Communiqué. That diplomatic document, signed by Premier Zhou Enlai and President Richard Nixon sought normalization of relations. The Rivers as Bridges concept and link to the Communique came from a 2010 "campfire diplomacy" college student event in Iowa and Wisconsin called the River Spirit Exchange.

The 2012 program is from July 20 to August 6. Stops include Evanston, Chicago, Moline and Rock Island in Illinois; Davenport, Muscatine, Fairport, Pleasant Valley, Bellevue and Dubuque in Iowa; Platteville, Mineral Point, Madison, Columbus, Horicon, Ripon, Baraboo, Wisconsin Dells, Rhinelander, Eagle River, Appleton and Milwaukee in Wisconsin.

Funding is coming from Chinese parents and financial and in-kind donations. ENCSS is a 501 c 3 not-for-profit organization, founded at the University of Wisconsin in 2006.
 

bladerunner

Banned Idiot
This might give Lenovo a fright

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Mobile phones have overtaken computers as the most popular device for getting online in China, the government said Thursday, as it announced the number of web users had hit 538 million.

Read more at:
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" China has the world's biggest online population, with nearly four out of 10 of its 1.3 billion people now using the web, according to a report from the state-linked China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC). Until this year, a majority of Chinese web users accessed the Internet via computers. But smartphones have allowed more and more rural Chinese to go online in areas not covered by fixed-line networks, the report said. Nearly 52 percent of users who started to use the Internet this year are from the countryside. "Mobile phones are a cheaper and more convenient way to access the Internet for (residents in) China's vast rural areas and for the enormous migrant population," said the report. The number of people using mobile phones to go online rose to 388 million in the first half of this year, up 9.2 percent from the end of 2011, while 380 million used computers. "Smartphones are more and more powerful and there is a new wave of mobile application innovation," the report said. "Meanwhile, mobile phone prices continued to drop -- the emergence of smartphones under 1,000 yuan ($157) sharply lowered the threshold for using the devices and encouraged average mobile phone users to become mobile web surfers............"
 

bladerunner

Banned Idiot
Here's some positive news about how Americans really envy this Chinese CEOs action, go read the many comments on it at the bottom of the article.


This Chinese Computer CEO Will Restore Your Faith in Humanity

Bonuses make up a huge part of executive pay in the United States, and though Chinese incentive structures are different, the same is true there. The CEO of Lenovo (LNGVY), a major Chinese computer parts maker, has found a pretty darn nice way to spend his.
Yang Yuanqing took in a $3 million bonus after the company reported a massive 73% jump in profits in the first three months of the year, ending Lenovo's best fiscal year to date.
The company thanked Yang for his performance with an extra $3 million, and he gave it all away to 10,000 lower-ranked employees in Lenovo's offices, call centers, and factories. Each worker received 2000 renminbi,or $314.
This is about the equivalent of a month's salary for many Lenovo workers.
Before you call Yang a selfless working-class hero, keep in mind that the $3 million is only part of the $14 million that he has been awarded in various ways including salary, stock, and other benefits for his work at the company.
Certainly, the employees of other tech companies are hoping that their CEOs follow suit.
According to a study by the Economic Policy Institute, CEO compensation has outpaced the average worker's pay by astonishing margins over the past few decades. CEO compensation grew by a shocking 725% between 1978 and 2011, far outpacing the growth of the stock market. The average worker's pay has only risen by 5.7% in the same period.
Lenovo's rise in the market for PCs has been quite prodigious in the past few years. It blew past Dell (DELL) and it's rapidly closing the gap between itself and Hewlett-Packard (HPQ) in the global market for PCs running Microsoft (MSFT) Windows, according to this chart by IDC. In the global computer market, Apple (AAPL) doesn't make it into the top five, but it is third in US computer sales.

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Once upon a time the average CEO salary was about 7X the wage that a production line worker got.




China keen to avoid CO2 rollercoaster ride
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Reuters Point Carbon) - Price control mechanisms and tightly regulated markets are among the measures China is considering for its emissions trading schemes in a bid to avoid the price volatility and scandals that have hit Europe's $148-billion scheme.

As seven cities and provinces in China are preparing to launch the country's first emissions trading schemes to halt the nation's spiraling greenhouse gas emissions, the international carbon market is reeling from a huge over-supply and record low prices.

European permits have lost 80 percent of their value since mid-2008 and 50 percent in the last twelve months, spurring claims that the carbon market is becoming irrelevant in the EU's efforts to cut emissions.

"China will consider introducing both a price ceiling and a price floor to prevent the dramatic price fluctuation seen in the EU ETS," said Chen Jianpeng with the State Council's Development Research Centre, which is involved in studying the impact of a future Chinese ETS.


China : Air Products to Supply Samsung Electronics New Memory Fabs in Western China [TendersInfo (India)]

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Air Products today announced it has been awarded a major contract from Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. in support of its new fabs in Xi an, Shaanxi Province, western China. This investment marks Samsung Electronics largest ever overseas investment and the most advanced fabs in China.

The contract reinforces Air Products global leadership position in the electronics industry and also strengthens its leading role in China by further expanding into the emerging western China region.

Air Products will supply ultra-high purity nitrogen and other bulk gases, including oxygen, argon, hydrogen, helium and compressed dry air, to Samsung Electronics fabs in Xi an High Tech Zone, where the first phase is scheduled to be operational in the second half of 2013. In addition, liquid products will be supplied to the merchant market in the region. Under the contract, Air Products will build several large air separation plants.

The memory products produced from the fabs will be widely used in portable devices such as smart phones, tablet computers, digital cameras, USB drive, and other consumer electronics markets where China represents a major market.

Samsung is a long-standing and strategic customer for Air Products worldwide. We are honored to have their continued confidence in our capabilities and to be selected to support the most advanced fabs in China, said Wayne Mitchell, vice president and general manager of the Electronics Division at Air Products. This significant contract further positions Air Products as a reliable supplier for Samsung and the semiconductor industry.

Air Products has been accelerating its growth in western China. The company first entered Shaanxi Province in 2006 to serve the electronics industry and has recently won several major contracts for its Tonnage business. The company also recently announced the grand opening of its new office in Xi an High Tech Zone, which includes engineering capabilities to support its fast business growth in China.

Air Products has been serving the global electronics industry for more than 40 years and gained leadership positions in semiconductor,TFT-LCD, and other emerging markets with its integrated gases and services solutions.

Air Products provides atmospheric, process and specialty gases; performance materials; equipment; and technology. For over 70 years, the company has enabled customers to become more productive, energy efficient and sustainable. More than 18,000 employees in over 40 countries supply innovative solutions to the energy, environment and emerging markets. These include semiconductor materials, refinery hydrogen, coal gasification, natural gas liquefaction, and advanced coatings and adhesives.
 
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escobar

Brigadier
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State-controlled CNOOC Ltd launched China's richest foreign takeover bid yet on Monday by agreeing to buy Canadian oil producer Nexen Inc for $15.1 billion, forcing Ottawa to decide whether security concerns outweigh its desire for foreign investment in its energy resources.

CNOOC, China's third-largest oil company, hopes to sell the deal to shareholders and the government with a hefty 61 percent premium to Nexen's Friday stock price. It promised to retain all employees and to make Canada home base for its Western Hemisphere operations.

CNOOC is offering $27.50 cash a share for Nexen, which has oil sands operations in the Canadian province of Alberta, shale gas in the province of British Columbia and extensive exploration and production holdings in the North Sea, Gulf of Mexico and offshore West Africa.

The initial shareholder reaction was enthusiastic. Shares of Nexen, whose board unanimously approved the deal, surged C$9.06, or 52 percent, to C$26.35 in Toronto on Monday.

"You won't find a single shareholder on the entire planet, or in the solar system, who is unhappy with this deal," said David Taylor, president and chief investment officer of Taylor Asset Management.

The move is the most ambitious foray by resource-hungry China into North American energy since a 2005 attempt to buy U.S.-based Unocal for $18.5 billion was thwarted by a political backlash there.


Chinese companies have been among the most aggressive in targeting assets around the globe to help feed demand in the world's second-biggest economy.

As for Canada, Prime Minister Stephen Harper has pushed to attract more energy investments from China. The CNOOC deal shows his efforts are bearing fruit, and Canada has more reasons to accept the deal than to veto it.

"For Canada, this agreement provides a stable source of investment for the many projects that Nexen operates, which includes the exploitation of bitumen in Alberta," CNOOC Chief Executive Li Fanrong said in a conference call.

"Because we intend to be a local company as much as a global one, we also intend to seek a listing for CNOOC Ltd on the Toronto Stock Exchange."

The deal is subject to a review by the Industry Ministry, which by law must decide if the takeover would bring a "net benefit" to Canada.

In its favour is both CNOOC's commitments to Canada, and the fact that Nexen's operations are mostly outside Canada.

CNOOC has only nine years worth of reserves based on its current production -- one of the lowest ratios among major oil companies worldwide. It said the deal would increase its proven reserves by 30 percent.

"CNOOC has been seeking overseas acquisitions, as the domestic reserves are limited. But there has been many limits, things like foreign companies (being) reluctant to sell, price too high. This deal would be quite a success," said Yan Shi, an oil analyst at brokerage UOB Kay Hian in Shanghai.

The move was quickly followed by another Chinese play for Canadian-owned oil assets, as Sinopec Corp said it would buy 49 percent of Talisman Energy's British unit for $1.5 billion.


CNOOC already has partnerships with Nexen, once a unit of Occidental Petroleum Corp. The Canadian company recently underwent a management shake-up and has been seen for years as a potential target.

Analysts had talked of Nexen as a turnaround story since Kevin Reinhart took over as interim CEO early this year. He won kudos for improving the reliability of such projects as the huge Buzzard oil field in the North Sea after years of missed production targets.

"I've watched this company try to turn itself around for so long," Taylor said. I'm not saying they couldn't have done it this time, I'm just saying that some of their assets are extremely tricky and complicated and there are a lot of unknowns."

Taylor said a rival bid is unlikely to emerge, given the huge premium and the fact that CNOOC is offering all cash.

Nexen is one of his top 10 holdings in the IA Clarington Focused Canadian Equity Class and Focused Balanced Fund.

Yet Nexen's C$6.1 billion Long Lake oil-sands development, for example, is several years behind schedule in reaching capacity production.

Such persistent problems have kept the stock well below the company's net asset value, said Norman MacDonald, vice president and portfolio manager at Invesco Trimark...
 

escobar

Brigadier
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Sany Heavy Industry, a leading Chinese manufacturer of construction machinery, announced Tuesday that it has fully acquired Intermix GmbH, a German truck mixer maker.

Sany spent 8.1 million euros to buy all of Intermix from its founder Hans-George Stetter on July 19 through its subsidiary Putzmeister, a German concrete machinery manufacturer, according to a statement from Sany.

The acquisition will expand Putzmeister's product portfolio, extend its industry chain and better collaborate with Sany's existing business, the statement said.

Intermix, founded in 1984, is the third-largest manufacturer of truck mixers in the world. It had a sales revenue of 10.1 million euros in 2011.

Sany, Putzmeister and CITIC Private Equity Advisors (Hong Kong) signed an agreement on the merger of the three companies on Jan 20. On April 16, Sany and CITIC PE completed the transfer of Putzmeister shares, with Sany acquiring a 90 percent stake and CITIC PE receiving the remaining 10 percent.
 
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