China's strategy in Korean peninsula

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"Tillerson’s remarks Saturday came after a day of meetings with top Chinese officials, including President Xi Jinping, which saw both sides strike a careful, conciliatory tone following a new North Korean nuclear test and missile launches, and weeks of insults and threats between Trump and North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un.

In brief formal statements before their meetings, Chinese leaders — who have repeatedly called for restraint — did not mention North Korea. Instead, they tried to keep the focus on Trump’s upcoming Asia visit, which Xi promised would be a “special, wonderful and successful” event."

according to
Trump signed presidential directive ordering actions to pressure North Korea
September 30
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in a related development, Trump to top U.S. diplomat: Don't bother talking to North Korea
Updated an hour ago
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U.S. President Donald Trump said on Sunday that he told the top U.S. diplomat not to waste his time trying to negotiate with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.

“I told Rex Tillerson, our wonderful Secretary of State, that he is wasting his time trying to negotiate with Little Rocket Man,” Trump wrote on Twitter, using his sarcastic nickname for Kim.

Trump’s comment came the day after Tillerson disclosed that the United States was directly communicating with North Korea on its nuclear and missile programs but that Pyongyang had shown no interest in dialogue.

“Save your energy Rex, we’ll do what has to be done!” Trump said.

Tillerson said during a trip to China on Saturday that the United States had multiple direct channels of communication with Pyongyang, the first such disclosure from the Trump administration, and that it was probing North Korea to see whether it is interested in dialogue.

Tillerson expressed hope for reducing tensions with North Korea, which is fast advancing toward its goal of developing a nuclear-tipped missile capable of hitting the U.S. mainland.

“We are probing, so stay tuned,” Tillerson told a small group of reporters during a trip to China. “We ask: ‘Would you like to talk?'” He said the United States had “a couple of, three channels open to Pyongyang.”

A senior U.S. official, asked for clarification about Trump’s Sunday morning tweets about North Korea, played down the significance of the communication channels.

“At a time when North Korea is continuing its provocations, the president does not think now is the time to negotiate with them,” the official said.

The official also said that to the extent that diplomatic channels exist between Washington and Pyongyang, they are aimed at securing the return of Americans detained by North Korea.

Trump has vacillated between direct personal attacks on the North Korean leader and a willingness to negotiate. After announcing new U.S. sanctions last month on North Korea, he also acknowledged diplomacy was still possible, asking: “Why not?”
 
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in a related development, Trump to top U.S. diplomat: Don't bother talking to North Korea
Updated an hour ago
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Trump says envoy 'wasting his time' talking to North Korea
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President Donald Trump said Sunday that Secretary of State Rex Tillerson was “wasting his time” trying to negotiate with North Korea over its nuclear and missile programs, raising speculation about whether Trump could be undermining efforts to maintain channels of communication or somehow bolstering the diplomat’s hand in possible future talks.

It was not immediately clear what prompted Trump’s tweets, among a series of weekend posts that ranged from hurricane recovery efforts in Puerto Rico to NFL players’ allegiance to the national anthem, and at whom they were aimed: Tillerson, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, those pushing for continued diplomacy, those favoring a military response to repeated provocations.

Tillerson had acknowledged on Saturday, after meetings in Beijing with Chinese leaders, that the Trump administration was keeping open direct channels of communications with North Korea and probing the North’s willingness to talk.

He provided no elaboration about those channels or the substance of any discussions. After he left China, his spokeswoman issued a statement saying that North Korean officials “have shown no indication that they are interested in or are ready for talks regarding denuclearization.”

And then Trump weighed in the next day with tweets that included his usual personal dig at Kim.

“I told Rex Tillerson, our wonderful Secretary of State, that he is wasting his time trying to negotiate with Little Rocket Man ... Save your energy Rex, we’ll do what has to be done!”

Trump offered no further explanation, but last month he told the U.N. General Assembly that if the U.S. is “forced to defend itself or its allies, we will have no choice but to totally destroy North Korea.”

Later, after Trump arrived at an international golf competition at a northern New Jersey course, a new tweet appeared: “Being nice to Rocket Man hasn’t worked in 25 years, why would it work now? Clinton failed, Bush failed, and Obama failed. I won’t fail.”

To a senior Tillerson adviser, there was no ambiguity in Trump’s earlier posts.

“The President just sent a clear message to NK: show up at the diplomatic table before the invitation gets cold,” R.C. Hammond tweeted. “Message to Rex? Try message to Pyongyang: Step up to the diplomatic table.”

U.S.-North Korean communications are long-standing. They include the two nations’ U.N. missions, regular exchanges between senior diplomats, and unofficial discussions between North Korean officials and former U.S. officials. Diplomats say there have been no new channels established recently, or any dramatic shift in Trump administration policy.

Some commentators seized on Trump’s tweets as evidence that he was either undermining Tillerson personally or his diplomacy, or both. Others said the tweets might represent a “good cop-bad cop approach” to North Korea that may or may not be misguided or bear fruit.

Still others saw Trump’s words as an attempt to give Tillerson diplomatic cover and potentially strengthen his hand in persuading North Korea to come to the table by declaring the effort a “waste of time” that the U.S. could abandon at any time in favor of tightening sanctions even further or a military response.

Sen. Bob Corker, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said the U.S. “absolutely” should step up diplomatic efforts. “We’re moving to a place where we’re going to end up with a binary choice soon,” Corker told NBC’s “Meet the Press” in an interview before Trump had tweeted.

“I think Tillerson understands that every intelligence agency we have says there’s no amount of economic pressure you can put on North Korea to get them to stop this program because they view this as their survival,” Corker said.

He added: “If we don’t ramp up the diplomatic side, it’s possible that we end up cornered.”

The main goal of the initial contacts through the diplomatic back-channel between the Trump State Department and North Korea’s mission at the United Nations was the freedom of several American citizens imprisoned in North Korea, although U.S. officials have told The Associated Press there were broader discussions about U.S.-North Korean relations.

Those contacts, however, have failed to reduce the deep mistrust between the adversaries.

North Korea has in recent months tested long-range missiles that potentially could reach the U.S., and on Sept. 3 conducted its largest nuclear test explosion to date. The standoff has entered a new, more dangerous phase since then as Kim and Trump have exchanged personal insults and threats of war.
 

plawolf

Lieutenant General
Either this is the most fragmented, disorganized government in the history of the United states or they're trying to play good-cop-bad-cop with Kim... or both... LOL

Internal feuds and contradictory statements are nothing new to US administrations, though those are usually between the State and Defence departments rather than the White House.

It is an embarrassing revelation that the US President doesn’t seem to know, let alone signed off on, what the State department is up to.
 

AndrewS

Brigadier
Registered Member
Generally an accurate report from the Washington Post below.

It's good to see that US troops next to the Chinese border is now being acknowledged as a block towards reunification.


Why Kim Jong Un is alienating China
Washington Post

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Blaine Harden, a former Post reporter, is the author of “King of Spies: The Dark Reign of America’s Spymaster in Korea” and a consultant to the Frontline documentary “North Korea’s Deadly Dictator” airing on PBS on Oct. 4.

To the frustration of President Trump, China seems to be losing leverage over the young dictator next door. North Korean leader Kim Jong Un keeps biting the hands of Beijing elders who provide his otherwise friendless state with fuel, food and diplomatic cover.

Those bites have challenged China’s authority, embarrassed its leaders and stymied U.S.-backed efforts by Beijing to restrain Kim’s flirtation with nuclear war. Several recent incidents suggest a growing trend:

• North Korean spies are prime suspects in the sensational nerve-agent killing early this year in Malaysia of Kim’s half brother, Kim Jong Nam, a resident of the Chinese territory of Macau, where he was under the unofficial protection of China. As Frontline reports this week, Kim Jong Nam had supported Chinese-style economic reforms in North Korea and was seen by some as a possible replacement for Kim Jong Un.

• The
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of North Korea’s largest nuclear device, which it said was a hydrogen bomb, disrupted a summit of world leaders in Beijing, embarrassing Chinese President Xi Jinping. It wasn’t the first time. North Korea launched a missile in May just before Xi was to speak to dignitaries. And Xi’s
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for North Korean relations has not even been allowed into the country.

• Ignoring repeated warnings from China, Kim has accelerated the frequency and increased the range of long-range ballistic missile tests. At the same time, his regime has blamed Beijing for a “
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” trust between the countries.

What motivates Kim to alienate the affections of an ally that accounts for
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of North Korea’s trade? What does he have against China?

Totalitarian leaders usually don’t explain themselves, and Kim — six years in power and only 33 — is no exception. But insights into his Sino-belligerence can be gleaned from the back story of his family. In nearly 70 years of dealing with their powerful patrons in communist China, three generations of dictators named Kim have lurched between dependence and distrust, cooperation and contempt. The family’s unruly behavior suggests there is little reason to assume — as Trump and other U.S. presidents sometimes have — that China can impose its will on North Korea.

The edgy attitude of the Kim family is likely rooted in the arrest and humiliation at Chinese hands of Great Leader Kim Il Sung, North Korea’s founding despot and the late grandfather of Kim Jong Un.


Kim Il Sung grew up in northeast China, where in the 1930s he became a guerrilla leader and fought alongside Chinese communist partisans against Japanese occupiers. Without warning, local communists turned on Kim and his men. Several hundred ethnic Koreans were tortured and murdered in a racist purge based on the party’s paranoid, and false, belief that they were secretly working with the Japanese.

Kim was arrested in China in 1934 and was lucky to survive. He later called the purge “a mad wind. . . . [Koreans] were being slaughtered indiscriminately by [Chinese] with whom they had shared bread and board only yesterday.”

During the Korean War, Kim’s bitter memories were compounded by a painfully public loss of face. Kim started the war in 1950 by invading South Korea with the backing of Stalin’s Soviet Union. But his army was soon obliterated by a U.S.-led coalition, and North Korea all but disappeared — until Chinese forces entered the fight and forced Kim to the sidelines of his own war. China’s top general, Peng Dehuai,
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for his “extremely childish” leadership, telling him, “You are hoping to end this war based on luck.”

Kim would never forget how he was treated. After the war, he made sure that China’s role in saving and rebuilding his state was largely erased from official histories. His resentment was compounded in 1980, when China
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as feudalism his decision to transfer absolute power to his son Kim Jong Il, a succession that made North Korea the world’s only hereditary communist kingdom.

Ill feelings between North Korea and China have often been mutual. Mao Zedong regarded Kim Il Sung as rash and doctrinaire — once describing him as “a number-one pain in the butt,” Sidney Rittenberg, onetime translator for Mao, told me in 2013. In 1992, China infuriated the Kim family by establishing diplomatic relations with South Korea, the archenemy of the North.

Still, Chinese leaders from Mao to Xi have chosen to protect and prop up the troublesome Kim regime, fearing that its collapse would trigger a flood of refugees and lead to a U.S.-allied, united Korea on its border. As North Korea’s international isolation has increased along with its nuclear prowess, the Kim regime has become
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on Chinese trade.

That dependence, however, is clearly not swaying the behavior of Kim Jong Un. He seems to have internalized his grandfather’s grudges. Last month, when Kim was calling Trump a “mentally deranged U.S. dotard,” a commentary in the Korean Central News Agency
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for being “rude” and “shameless.” It also said that North Korea owed little to China.

The commentary was signed by “
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,” which means “righteous pen,” and was the third such anti-China article written by him this year. A China scholar, Adam Cathcart at the University of Leeds,
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that he believes Jong Phil is a pen name for Kim.
 

AndrewS

Brigadier
Registered Member

Thinking the unthinkable in China: Abandoning North Korea


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BEIJING (AFP) - North Korea's nuclear antics have rattled its alliance with China to the point that Beijing is allowing the previously unthinkable to be discussed: Is it time to prepare for the renegade regime's collapse?

While China's official goal is to bring Washington and Pyongyang to the negotiating table, it is also permitting once taboo debate on contingencies in case war breaks out in the isolated nation across its north-east border.

Observers say the public debate might be a tactic to try and coerce Pyongyang into cooling its weapons programme, with its nuclear and missile tests visibly angering Beijing, which has backed tough new United Nations sanctions on the country.

But it may also indicate growing calls to overhaul its relationship with the North, a longterm ally that it defended during the 1950-53 Korean War and has a mutual defence pact with.

Jia Qingguo, dean of the School of International Studies at Peking University, raised eyebrows earlier in September when he published an article entitled Time To Prepare For The Worst In North Korea.

The paper was published in English in East Asia Forum, a website of the Australian National University, but it is unlikely that he could have released it without the approval of Chinese authorities.

Jia urged Beijing to start discussing contingency plans with the United States and South Korea - talks that the two nations have sought in the past but China has resisted for fear of upsetting Pyongyang.

"When war becomes a real possibility, China must be prepared. And, with this in mind, China must be more willing to consider talks with concerned countries on contingency plans," Jia wrote.

Beijing, he said, could discuss who would control North Korea's nuclear arsenal - either the United States or China.

To prevent a massive flow of refugees across the border, China could send its army to North Korea to create a "safety zone", Jia said.

Another touchy issue would be who would "restore domestic order in North Korea in the event of a crisis". China, he said, would object to letting US soldiers cross the 38th parallel into North Korea.

An August editorial in state-run nationalist tabloid Global Times said China should remain neutral if North Korea launches missiles against the US and Washington retaliated, and only intervene if the US and South Korea tried to overthrow the Pyongyang regime.

'BETTER WITHOUT THEM'
Discussions about the end of the North's regime could be aimed at scaring Kim Jong Un and pleasing Trump before the US leader's trip to Beijing in November, a Western diplomat said.

US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson met President Xi Jinping and top Chinese diplomats in Beijing on Saturday to discuss the North Korean nuclear crisis.

"If the international community can unite and pretend there's going to be a real war, there is a chance that North Korea will freeze its nuclear tests," Wang Peng, research fellow at Fudan University in Shanghai, told AFP.

But there are also signs of a genuine shift in perceptions over how China should handle North Korea.

David Kelly, director of research at Beijing-based consultancy China Policy, said the thinking among Chinese academics was: "We could do better without them, a unified Korea would be incredibly good for China, the north-east would boom".

China has long supported North Korea because it serves as a buffer from US troops stationed in South Korea, but Barthelemy Courmont, a China specialist at the Institute of Strategic and International Relations in Paris, said Pyongyang's downfall could be good for Beijing, especially economically.

"China now believes that a collapse of North Korea would not necessarily be to its disadvantage," Courmont said.

"If North Korea were to fall in a peaceful way, China would be best positioned for its reconstruction. China is the only country capable of overseeing the reconstruction of North Korea," he said.

NOT SO SIMPLE
Such talk was not always permitted.

Deng Yuwen was suspended from his job as editor of the journal of the Communist Party's Central Party School in 2013 after writing an article saying China should abandon North Korea.

But this year he wrote unimpeded about post-conflict planning.

"If the two Koreas reunified, there would no longer be the needs for the presence of US troops in South Korea and the South Korean people would not let them stay," Deng said in April in an article published by the Charhar Institute think tank.

Moreover, he said, South Korea would no longer need to host the US Thaad missile defence system.

Its deployment has infuriated Beijing because it fears that its powerful radars could peer deep into China and destabilise the region.

But dropping Pyongyang is not that simple, Kelly said.

"The problem is: how do you cut the cord, because nobody knows what North Korea will do," he said.
 

sanblvd

Junior Member
Registered Member
Here is my analysis how why does NK is able to get away with so much provocations and what do they want.

Both US, China and to lesser extend Japan and SK all wants NK threat to exist, but only to a certain level and Kim knows this and he keep pushing this level to further and further.

For US, its primary rival in the area is not NK but China, if NK threat is gone there would be more voices calling for US to withdraw from SK and Japan, but as long as NK is a threat US will have excuse to stay to keep an eye on China, but US cannot accept NK to have ICBM with nukes that can reach US mainland. But US misunderstood this threat as this is not the real threat to US, because once NK have this ability they will never use it, but by having this, US's entire global credibility and dominance will be questioned. (more below at NK's section)

For China, it's primary rival is also US in the region and it seems NK is drawing US's attention from China, so that China have time to focus in other ares like SCS and economic development for their grand strategy. China can help US to really crack down on NK, but that would risk a NK blowback on China and with NK's nuclear missile that can reach Shenyang or Beijing within 10 minutes, its not in China's interest to have a full hostile nuclear neighbor next door. And of course, there is also the threat of NK collapses if China pushes it too hard, millions of refugee will come into China and US/SK for sure isn't going to do anything to help China. And lastly if China take cares NK, then US's full attention would be directed towards China's other area of competition like in the SCS, so why should China help without US without compromise with China? And even if US comprise with China, China won't trust US as it has a history of breaking its own words, so China have no choice but to do what they do. But in the end, its also not in China's interest to have NK acting so crazy like now, because it is bring in an unacceptable level of threat to China's overall interest.

For Japan, their primary rival is China, 2nd rival is US, and Japan knows its being outmatched by China in all fields but as long as US is there to protect them Japan will be safe, and there is no better reason for US to be in Asia than to counter the NK threat. But with US's relative power decline, I see Japan also start to hedge its bet by developing closer relations with China. But under no circumstance it would allow NK to succeed and greatly weaken US's influence (more in NK sector)

For SK, they have equal dislike of of China, Japan and US, but at the same time, it is also benefiting and depending on all 3 nations as well, and its not in SK's interest for anyone single nation to gain overwhelming dominance of the region to put an end to SK's good life, so its better that they focus on each other instead with the excuse of NK threat, but at same time, Kim III's action also start to make SK nervous as in the event of war break out SK will suffer the most.

This is the reason why Kim I & II & III has been acting so ridiculous in the past and actually able to get away with it, because everyone is using him for their own interest and in turn, he uses everyone else for his own!!!

But What does NK want? NK's 1st primary goal is to maintain the Kim Dynasty's survival, 2nd goal is a unification at NK's lead or a mutual unification with NK have strong influence, the 3rd goal is equally as important as the 2nd goal, the 3rd goal is not be dominated by powerful country like China or US in the future like Korea had been dominated by China during the past 1000 years.

Up until the 1980s both Korea's economy level was almost identical but it diverged hugely after that so NK knows that 2nd and 3rd goal is out of reach, and even their 1st goal is now under threat as the existence of their whole nation is under threat, but what can they do to secure the 1st goal? They went with the only logical solution, NUKES, and fortunately for them Nukes solved the 1st problem once and for all, they can be sure no nation will ever dare to invade them so they can focus rest of its resources on internal suppression of its own people, and this also solve the 3rd goal somewhat that a nuclear nation they can keep the Chinese at bay (still not enough).

Kim I started this goal and Kim II actually accomplished this. Now Kim III is getting very ambitious because he is thinking of goal #2 now, a unification at NK's terms!!! How does he plan to achieve it? His master plan is to have the capability to directly threat US homeland so that it force US to recognize NK as a nuclear peer power to its own, and make promise and official declaration that US will never seek to attack/topple NK, we actually already see Rex Tillerson kinda offering the similar term to NK not so long ago, this is EXACTLY wants NK want, but NK cannot accept this just yet, because it knows that promise made without ability for you to enforce it is just empty talk, they learn this from what happened to Qaddafi (another reason why Hillary was a horrible Secretary of State.) They also learn from Russia's invasion of Ukraine after the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances.

But once Kim III have ability to hit US mainland, and treaty promise from US, this will have 2 effects to accomplish his goal #2. 1: SK's position will be instantly be put under NK's because SK will still be a puppet of US, while NK can claim its a peer power of US by forcing those treaty. 2: NK will finally able to fully develop and open up its economy like what China have done, they chose not to do this before because they know under the weaker status of SK in the past, if they choose to develop and open up their economy they face collapse as people with better opportunity will flee or revolt, but now with nuclear weapon and peer nuclear power of US they can focus on development.

This means even if NK develop ICBM nuke it will never fire on US as will be instant suicide, but US can never allow NK to achieve this as this would be a huge credibility hit for US reputation in Asia and worldwide, Japan would see that they cannot even contain NK, so what are the chances they would contain China for them? Also a potential unified hostile Korea with nukes is going to be another China for Japan... but one with far cold blooded leaders. SK would never allow this, because no way SK would play inferior position to NK, but SK might benefit if after unification the united Korea will became an instant nuclear power to secure itself against China and have advantage over Japan. China would not allow this because China's credibility would take a huge hit just like US's in the region, China is also trying to dominate Asia on their own and they would not accept a potential challenger like Korea, but at same time China would also benefit with the losing of US's credibility. So the biggest loser would be US and Japan if NK is allow to succeed, follow by SK and China.

In the end, I don't think NK will succeed because in the past NK knows everyone was using NK for their own interest and NK is able to get away with a lot things, but then Kim III start to think he can do this without limit, but I think that is where he is making a huge mistake, because it was in everyone's inters when NK is acting like a moron, but its not in everyone's interest if the moron actually succeeds.
 

delft

Brigadier
The commentator at my favourite radio station -
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- wrote on September 30 that Kim shows himself to be a flexible calculating and rational strategist. There is no reason to think he is as mad as Trump.
US can get off the hook by granting independence to South Korea and get out of the way of Korean reunification. But that means accepting that US cease to be the hyper power.
Next all sanctions against NK can be ended on condition that it halts it missile and nuclear weapons developments and that the reunited Korea will sign and adhere to the Non Proliferation Treaty.
 

Hendrik_2000

Lieutenant General
Yeah a lot of those western oriented Chinese academic are reading too much the western press and distorted news. Here is the view of tech savvy real korean war veteran who educated the ignorant young chinese about the meaning of real war

As tensions rise on the peninsula, Korean War veteran recalls the cruelty of battle
By Xie Wenting Source:Global Times Published: 2017/9/28 23:29:27
7717808f-f78c-456a-afe9-f9af0497c4e6.jpg

Yin Jixian answers young people's questions related to war and history online. Photo: Li Hao/GT

Although the Chinese public generally take a harsher attitude toward
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for its sporadic nuclear tests, some veterans who fought in the Korean War think differently.


"If the US wages a war against North Korea, we should send the army to help the country resist US aggression like we did before," said Yin Jixian, who fought in the Korean War (1950-53), or the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

Yin, 85, was on the Korean battlefield for six years, fighting against the US army as an artillerist. These days, as the tension between the US and North Korea intensifies, he said he is "particularly sensitive to this situation."

Unlike most elderly people of his age, Yin has good computer skills, which enables him to search for the latest information online. He also has more than 120,000 followers on Zhihu, China's equivalent of Quora, where he tells young people about "correct military history."

He told the Global Times that the reason he thinks China should help North Korea if the US invades isn't just because of the need to "safeguard national sovereignty and interests, which was the major drive for China's involvement in the 1950s."

"Now, the reason for us to help North Korea is for world peace," he told the Global Times. "The US is actually the chief culprit. Because the US wants to sell weapons around the globe, it always likes to set off conflicts and war. It has pushed North Korea too hard. If the US were to start a war again and we could beat them, we would be bringing peace to the people of the world."

However, under the current situation, Yin suggests that dialogue is still the best way to solve the existing problems. "If it's possible, the parties concerned should change the Korean Armistice Agreement to a peaceful agreement for everlasting peace."

db9abf2f-edeb-4e40-8240-f44de2a41f2f.jpg

Yin's war medals Photo: Li Hao/GT


Cruel battle

Yin was born into a farmer's family in Shandong Province. He said the main memories of his childhood are of repression from landlords and imperialism. He joined the army when he was 15, telling them he was 18 so he would be able to sign up. He participated in the war to cross the Yangtze River and Huaihai Campaign (1948-49) before being sent to North Korea in 1950.

"We were then preparing to recover Taiwan. But suddenly we were told that we were going to North Korea," he said.

Yin's unit first arrived in North Korea by train. When the train passed Yalu River, he still remembered vividly that "in Sinuiju, the lights were brightly lit at night and there were many tall buildings, which was in contrast to the darkness on the Chinese side." Shortly after they arrived in North Korea, he heard intense gunfire and bombings and had to temporarily retreat to China.

Later, they found out that the US had launched an air strike.

"The city was razed to the ground in one day. If this had happened on Chinese land, how many people would have died?" he said. At that moment, he gained a deeper understanding of his mission.

The battle was a cruel one. Compared with the well-equipped US troops, most of the Chinese volunteer army only had weapons they had taken from enemies in previous wars, according to Yin.

"The Soviet Union also provided some equipment. But as many soldiers' literary abilities were low, we didn't know how to use them," he said.

Yin revealed that they mostly fought at night in North Korea. During the day, air strikes from the US were too strong, but at night, it was difficult for the US army to identify targets.

The Chinese army adopted "close quarter fighting" tactics. "I didn't feel afraid. There was no time to be afraid. You had to be very focused," he said.

In the numerous battles he fought, Yin had never worn clothes that didn't have bullet holes in them. He was once shot in the leg, but managed to recover without any long-term effects.

To this day, he said he can't smell perfume, as it makes him think of the dead. In North Korea, Yin and his comrades had to use perfume to cover the foul smell of the corpses they retrieved.

"The war was too cruel. I understood why the North Koreans hated the US so much," he said.

512cac96-9fdf-4d38-a43b-970029ba09f6.jpeg

An old photo of Yin in army uniform Photo: Li Hao/GT

Educating the young

After returning to China, Yin was drawn into the Great Leap Forward (1958-60) movement. As he had been opposed to the Great Leap Forward, he was labelled a "rightist" and sent to the Beijing post office to do the most menial jobs.

He and his wife had five children during those harsh years. After retiring, Yin still had to work as a welder to ease his family's financial burden.

His situation improved after the government began to pay more attention to retired soldiers like him in recent years. Now, he is entitled to get more than 6,000 yuan ($900) in extra allowance every month.

Satisfied with his current situation, Yin's main mission now is to "educate the youth on the correct conception of history and values online."

After first surfing the Internet in 2009, he wrote articles and answered netizens' questions about war and history on Zhihu.

He told young people about the battles he experienced and pointed out how ridiculous the plots are in many of today's shoddy war serials.

He sticks staunchly to his Communist ideals and takes his sacred duties as a member of the Communist Party of China seriously.

"What I suffered wasn't a big deal. Looking at the big picture, what the Party and the leaders did was for the overall benefit of the Chinese people and China's development," he stressed.

On Internet forums, many young people doubted his motives and his true identity, prompting him to post his military certificates.

He said he liked to debate with them as this could help more people know about the historical truth. "I have more supporters," he said. But he is still angry when some people attack Chairman Mao and the Party.

Yin admits that he still has many concerns. After talking with many young people, he feels that the values he believes in and fought for are fading away in contemporary society, where the youth never experienced the hardship and suppression he did.

"We don't have sufficient history education at school," he said. "Now, my needs are all satisfied. But young people still need me. So I will do my best to tell them more."
 
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