Al-Khalid based on T-72 ?

FreeAsia2000

Junior Member
To what extent does the Al-Khalid 2 rely upon the design concepts of the T-72
and how have modern MBT's attempted to move away from the alleged
design flaws of the T-72 ?
 

Gollevainen

Colonel
VIP Professional
Registered Member
Well this is basicly the same issue wheter chinese tanks are based on T-72 as the Al Khalid is direct and undenyable ofspring of Chinese Type 90 MBT.

This issue have been very controversial, as many chinese seems to look the issue trough completely biased and nationalsitic filters. I found it very weird. It seems that it is overhelming to certain people to accept the fact that the newest and somewhat spearhead of chinese militarytindustry isen't completely indegenious. Perhaps it is somesort of inferiorcomplex gained from the bad reputation of chinese arms production in the past. I don't know, but i've tryed to give my obinion and wievs in the matter before and it had have some very negative reception. I hope this isen't the case in this issue as many do share my views. So what i'm going to say in this post should not couse any fuzz, it's just my obinion. You all are free to proof me wrong (with good manners ofcourse)

So is Al Kahlid based on T-72? Yeas and no. It hasen't got any direct link to T-72, like it would be just licenced build version of it in the ways of M84 or PT-91. Also it isen't unlicenced copy or ripof, like none of the chinese tanks isent...so what it is? Well to awnser that, we have to look to the chinese tank development.
Chinese tank development started up by licence produce Type 59, a direct copy of T-54. The development continued and they made slightly improved version of it and the last of that "line" was Type 80 which was so quite different from the first type 59, but still it had direct link to it so one can say it orginally based to the T-54. Chinese had made some efforts to developt an indegenious and superior tank to T-54 but those projects failed. Reason is the same as in so many other chinese indegenious designs; The overall industrial and engineering base wasen't ready nor was the political desicion making supportive enough. So therefore the designs were mostly just slightly impoved versions of soviet weaponsystems or very rugiment and simple desings requiring minium of knowhow.
But the tank development did stop and as the supporting sector improved, more innovative designs came along. But Chinese weren't still ready for developing a totaly indegenios tank so they chosed a shortcut. They selected to make a tank very similar to Soviet T-72 in general layout but fitted with western propulsion and wedled turret. This was the Type 90 but it failed to saticfy the PLA. The development continued and different hull was selected and thus came out the Type 98. The weaponsystem and turret was adopted to Type 80 derivates Type 88 and thus came the first serie production 125mm gun fitted chinese tank, Type 96. It was a stopcap meassure to field somewhat modern tank to PLA troops before Type 98 was ready for production.
But the Type 90 didn't die and it was then actively marked for export item and Pakistan started to develpt it under the name Al Khalid.

So Al Khalid and T-72 are cousins, but not the same product. Al Khalid shares the concept of T-72 (and other russian tanks) with all it's benefits and downsizes of the concept, apart of the cast turret issue. Does this mean the Al Khalid is as "bad" as T-72? No, it certainly have improved performance due it's more efficient engine. But thats about it. It has practically the same gun, with same loading methods and thus limited in same type of ammoes. Al Khalid is propaly superior to early generation version of the T-72 but not "the best tank in the world" as many pakistanese seems (and wants) to think.


If you think i'm wrong, please take part of the conversation, no need to be afraid of me and fear what might happen if you go against the big G...but i highlight the word CONVERSATION...it means mature discussion with clear bases on what you say and leaving all idiotism out...
 

Nethappy

NO WAR PLS
VIP Professional
Gollevainen i gotta agree with you in most case.

But there a some major different on the Al-khalid and the T-72 then make it possilble for the AL-khalid to out-classes the T-72 in some way.

1) The modular design armour package enabling damaged sections to be replaced or upgrades installed throughout service life. If improve armour technology was obtain it mean better protection.
IMO the stardard armor should already be better then the T-72.

2) The Fire Control system should be better then the T-72, as most likely it was developed off it technology, with the input of other western technology.

3) Price... It may not be BEST Tank, but I dun think u can get anything better for the same price.

4) IMO one of the best thing in these newer generation of Chinese tank design is it 'systems approach', amost every components can be change and/or upgrade during it operation life. It mean it much easier to make improvement, and the tank has much higher growth. It could become one of the best tank.

But i highlighted the word COULD
 

FreeAsia2000

Junior Member
Obviously we can ignore some of the 'fluff' put out by the Pakistani army
and certain Pakistani's or children of pakistani parents about the Al-khalid
being the best tank in the world :D

The advantages at the moment seem to be

1. It is 'mostly' indigenous, which will help in the development of the
Pakistani tank industry as well as provide revenue
2. It fits the environmental requirements of the PA in the desert.

The weaknesses as compared to the T-98 are

1. T98 has heavier armour,
2. T-98 has a more powerful armament(it has a gun launched atgm)
3. T-98 has laser countermeasures

So essentially the Al-Khalid needs better armour but the Pakistani army
does not want armour at the expense of speed possibly because they
don't have the sort of air umbrella provided to the M1A1 ?

However I believe that Pakistan may already be thinking of some serious
upgrades to the tank via co-operation with Turkey which has had
several failed attempts to start it's own tank-2000

Mr Erdogan said the two sides also had the potential “to take many steps” to increase cooperation in defence industry, but did not elaborate what projects they discussed. An aide to Mr Erdogan said later that the two countries were considering joint production of tanks, armoured personnel carriers and patrol boats, while Turkish company Aselsan was willing to sell the Pakistani army electronic warfare equipment.

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Tank-2000 (New generation Main Battle Tank) project: Status: The tender to co-produce 1000 new generation MBTs has been cancelled in May 2004. It is likely that a new request for proposal will be issued during the upcoming months to include more foreign companies in the competition. On a seperate agenda, three Turkish companies (BMC, FNSS and Otokar) were asked to join their efforts to carry-out indeginous research and studies for the purpose of manufacturing the shell and sub-systems (excluding navigation and fire control) of a new-generation MBT.

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So how could the Al-Khalid be improved specifically ?
 

Nethappy

NO WAR PLS
VIP Professional
IMO Possible Improvement?

1) As there a about 45% components coming from the older designs, improving or changing some of these with better design may improve the tank over all efficiencies.

2) Improve armour, IMO composite armour plate should use on the Tank roof, as there a so many Top-attack atgm.

3) improve EW
 

Gollevainen

Colonel
VIP Professional
Registered Member
But there a some major different on the Al-khalid and the T-72 then make it possilble for the AL-khalid to out-classes the T-72 in some way

Well like i said, Al-Khalid is ofcourse better than standart T-72 and perhaps even better than T-72M, it should be, othervise the chinese designers would have been quite incapaple. The question was that wheter it was "based" on T-72, not if it better, ofcourse tank wich have been able to learn from it's orgins mistake should be superior.
 

FreeAsia2000

Junior Member
Gollevainen said:
Well like i said, Al-Khalid is ofcourse better than standart T-72 and perhaps even better than T-72M, it should be, othervise the chinese designers would have been quite incapaple. The question was that wheter it was "based" on T-72, not if it better, ofcourse tank wich have been able to learn from it's orgins mistake should be superior.

Gollvainen is correct.

The question was to do with the deeper design flaws of the T-72 for instance
storage of ammunition, is there some serious design problems with the Al-Khalid
due to it's development based upon the T-72 series that cannot be mended with an easy upgrade ?

Of course having better armour, smaller size and faster speed will make
anything a better product eg my car :D

Imagine yourselves as Pakistani engineers (mustache optional :D )what tank would YOU come up with ? remember the environmental, financial and other constraints...so don't go overboard
 
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adeptitus

Captain
VIP Professional
FreeAsia2000 said:
Imagine yourselves as Pakistani engineers (mustache optional :D )what tank would YOU come up with ? remember the environmental, financial and other constraints...so don't go overboard

If we were to step back to the time when the Al-Khalid deal was first signed, I'd probably want to approach Brazil to bail out Engesa and co-produce the EE-T1 Osório MBT with 120mm GIAT G1 gun:
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My reasons are:

1) Both the EE-T1 and Al-Khalid/MBT-2000 are light weight MBT's (42-46ton) and would make a fair competitive comparison.

2) The EE-T1 is likely to be equipped with more advanced technology at the time (~1990).

3) Brazil does not have the same arms export restriction as US or EU.

4) After Saudi cancelled their EE-T1 order, Engesa filed for bankruptcy and laid off 3,000 employees. If Pakistan was able to step in during this time and make a "white knight" bail-out offer, I believe Pakistan would've been in a strong position to dictate purchase terms.

5) Brazilian government would be happy at the Pakistan offer to bail out its defense industry, and produce the EE-T1 for the Brazilian Army to use. The Brazilian government may even chip in to share the cost of Engesa bail-out with Pakistan.

==========

Moving forward, if we're talking about today, I'd aim for better relations with Washington to get local assembly deal on M1A2's like Egypt. The Abrams MBT is battle proven and maintained 90% operational readiness through the Gulf Wars. Since we're talking about "local assembly" from kits, there are no R&D cost involved.

If Pakistan was able to obtain both the EE-T1 and the M1A2, it'd have a nice mix of light (39-42 ton EE-T1) and heavy (69.5 ton M1A2) MBT's that use the same NATO 120mm ammo, in addition to being part-owner of Engesa of Brazil.
 
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ahho

Junior Member
about the heavy armament part, i am not too sure, but AK does have gun-launched atgm also.

I am just wondering, since type-90 and 96 was exported to pakistan, did any electronic leaked over from 96 to 90
 

darth sidious

Banned Idiot
Gollevainen said:
Well this is basicly the same issue wheter chinese tanks are based on T-72 as the Al Khalid is direct and undenyable ofspring of Chinese Type 90 MBT.

This issue have been very controversial, as many chinese seems to look the issue trough completely biased and nationalsitic filters. I found it very weird. It seems that it is overhelming to certain people to accept the fact that the newest and somewhat spearhead of chinese militarytindustry isen't completely indegenious. Perhaps it is somesort of inferiorcomplex gained from the bad reputation of chinese arms production in the past. I don't know, but i've tryed to give my obinion and wievs in the matter before and it had have some very negative reception. I hope this isen't the case in this issue as many do share my views. So what i'm going to say in this post should not couse any fuzz, it's just my obinion. You all are free to proof me wrong (with good manners ofcourse)

So is Al Kahlid based on T-72? Yeas and no. It hasen't got any direct link to T-72, like it would be just licenced build version of it in the ways of M84 or PT-91. Also it isen't unlicenced copy or ripof, like none of the chinese tanks isent...so what it is? Well to awnser that, we have to look to the chinese tank development.
Chinese tank development started up by licence produce Type 59, a direct copy of T-54. The development continued and they made slightly improved version of it and the last of that "line" was Type 80 which was so quite different from the first type 59, but still it had direct link to it so one can say it orginally based to the T-54. Chinese had made some efforts to developt an indegenious and superior tank to T-54 but those projects failed. Reason is the same as in so many other chinese indegenious designs; The overall industrial and engineering base wasen't ready nor was the political desicion making supportive enough. So therefore the designs were mostly just slightly impoved versions of soviet weaponsystems or very rugiment and simple desings requiring minium of knowhow.
But the tank development did stop and as the supporting sector improved, more innovative designs came along. But Chinese weren't still ready for developing a totaly indegenios tank so they chosed a shortcut. They selected to make a tank very similar to Soviet T-72 in general layout but fitted with western propulsion and wedled turret. This was the Type 90 but it failed to saticfy the PLA. The development continued and different hull was selected and thus came out the Type 98. The weaponsystem and turret was adopted to Type 80 derivates Type 88 and thus came the first serie production 125mm gun fitted chinese tank, Type 96. It was a stopcap meassure to field somewhat modern tank to PLA troops before Type 98 was ready for production.
But the Type 90 didn't die and it was then actively marked for export item and Pakistan started to develpt it under the name Al Khalid.

So Al Khalid and T-72 are cousins, but not the same product. Al Khalid shares the concept of T-72 (and other russian tanks) with all it's benefits and downsizes of the concept, apart of the cast turret issue. Does this mean the Al Khalid is as "bad" as T-72? No, it certainly have improved performance due it's more efficient engine. But thats about it. It has practically the same gun, with same loading methods and thus limited in same type of ammoes. Al Khalid is propaly superior to early generation version of the T-72 but not "the best tank in the world" as many pakistanese seems (and wants) to think.


If you think i'm wrong, please take part of the conversation, no need to be afraid of me and fear what might happen if you go against the big G...but i highlight the word CONVERSATION...it means mature discussion with clear bases on what you say and leaving all idiotism out...

the T-96 is developed from the T-85 the first version has the L-7 gun but later on the weapon used on T-98 was added the t-85M also has this

evidance: PAK't-85m CAN USE THE SAME AMNO AS THEIR T-84 there for the autoloader is different
 
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