Soviet Navy(Voyenno-morskoy flot SSSR)

Since there are lots of people on this forum who like to think that late cold war soviet navy was combination of old rusty hulls that would sink at first breeze and drunken sailors I decided to open thread about Soviet Navy…

In this thread I will try to provide information’s about history, doctrine and some CFE information about its strength…

You are all welcome to pitch in whit all data you have about ships, armament systems, radars etc.

After contacting Golly I decided to start this thread in Professional discussions section to avoid spamming and ww3 scenarios… If you are not vip member and wont to contribute to this thread you can contact me on pm. Also I apologize for bad spelling (since I’m not native English speaker) and usage of NATO codenames for soviet equipment…

Since I don’t have to much time lately I will start whit historical background and try to post late 1980s ORBAT tomorrow…

Part 1

History

Modern development starts whit 6.january 1956. when Sergey Georgyevich Gorshkov was appointed commander-in-chief of the Soviet Navy. He oversaw a massive naval build-up of surface and submarine forces, creating a force capable of challenging Western naval power by the late 1970s.
Between 1956 and 1970 they started development of rocket and nuclear weapons, nuclear ship propulsion and cut development of conventional fleet, reduce navy air component to 1000 aircraft, abandoned naval bases in Port Arthur(China) and Pokkala (Finland).
Main threat at that time was US CBGs and there bomber component that was meant to deliver nuclear strikes at soviet soil…
To counter that threat soviets have started interdiction of new ships, aircrafts and subs armed whit anti ship missiles (4 Kildin and 8 Krupny DDG whit SS-N-1 SSM, 4 Kynda and 4 Kresta1 cruisers whit SS-N—3 SSM, Tu-16 and Tu-22 bombers armed whit AS-1, AS-2, AS-3 and AS-4 ASM, Whiskey twin cilinder/Long bin submarines armed whit SS-N-3) and started production of Kashin class DDG…
They started production of November class SSN (14 built antil 1963), Golf class SSBK (32 armed whit SS-N-5 Serb ballistic missiles) and Hotel class SSBN.
For coastal defenses Soviets build dozens of Komar and Osa 1 FAC.


Kashin class DDG

In the beginning of 1960s US navy shifted it nuclear strike force from carrier based bombers to SSBN armed whit Polaris A1 and A2 (2275km range) ballistic missiles.
Those submarines operated in North and Norwegian Sea and in East Mediterranean sea out of the range of soviet fleet operational area.
To counter new threat soviet since 1962 to 1978 started new ASW program. Soviet navy changed priorities practically over the night: ships are rearmed whit anti submarine weapons, they needed to develop new sonar systems in weary short time (It is estimate that the time soviets were behind US some 20 years in sonar tech development).They managed to develop first efficient low frequency panoramic sonar in only 5 years.
New ASW ship classes were developed (Kara2 and Kresta cruisers, Krivak frigates, Moskva class ASW cruisers/helicopter carriers), ships are armed whit SAM systems.
For attacks on US surface fleet they developed Charlie class SSGN armed whit SS-N-7 SSM.


Charlie class SSGN

In 1970s USN developed new SSBN armed whit new Polaris A-3 and Poseidon missiles and developed SOSUS system in strategic points in North Atlantic and Pacific which enabled them to monitor movements of soviet SSBN (and especially new Yankee class SSBN armed whit SS-N-6).
To counter that soviet started to rearm Yankees whit SS-N-8 and fielded new Delta class SSBN. SS-N-8 has range of 7770km so new soviet subs were able to attack targets in US
from Barents sea under protection from soviet surface fleet and land based aircrafts.
In late 1970s they also developed new tactics: soviet surface ships and Tu-22 Backfires were train to attack NATO ASW barrier on GI-UK line(Greenland – Island – UK) and doing so clear path in Atlantic for soviet SSGN and SSN( to attack sea communication lines between US and Europe and US CBG).
To support those tactical plans they created surface action groups based around Kievs and Kirovs( to attack NATO surface fleets) and created sea surface unified surveillance system based around Bear D aircrafts and surveillance satellites (to track NATO surface fleets).
Since 1978 to 1990 they started new ship building program to support new doctrine (Sovremenny and Udaloy class DDG, Kirovs, Kievs, Slavas…)


Kirov class cruiser

There were plans to build new aircraft carriers and create CBG but then CCCR collapsed…

Interesting, The only thing I ever doubted about the Soviet Navy was the training. And actual time spent at sea. Afterall the best training for a Navy is at sea. Never saw a Soviet ship at sea except a trawler in two Medterrianian deployments.

The reason for this was then confidential training I recieved in the USN. we were told that the Soviets went to sea but often anchored to conduct war games. And used only limited live fire. Also we were taught that their subs leaked radiation so bad that the life span of a Soviet sailor assigned to a nuke sub was 7 years after he left the ship. Truth or fiction? you tell me.

It was also know later that all the Soviet CV's suffered major fires in their engineering plants. Killing scores of fine Soviet sailors. Truth or fiction????

Once in 1972 when on board CVA-67 in Barcelona Spain there was a Soviet DD(I think) tied up to the quay wall. You could see the sailors on board. we were in Barcelona for 5 days and that ship was still there when we left. I made two Medterrinan deployments on CVA-67 and never once saw a Soviet ship at sea or Soviet sailors on liberty even though we saw ships in port in Naples, Genoa and other ports.. I'm sure a sub was following us...Never saw it. we did see Russian trawlers though. Once in the North Sea we saw a Hormone helo. I do not know where it came from. And of course the Soviet overflights by "Bears".

Hey your English is fine. If I can read and translate golly's English i can do yours also.

Good thread!

Thanks Popeye! I’m glad you like this thread.

Well I don’t know about time soviets spend at sea or life span of soviet submariners but AFAIK Soviet fleet elements were constantly shadowing US CBGs…
I will try to find more information from Russian sources and post them in this thread. Currently I don’t have too much time because job but I’ll try to do it as soon as possible…

As for Bears I hope that you will enjoy these pictures of Bear flaying by US carrier…




Ps. sorry it is il-38 may not bear... my mistake...

Oh man..those pics bring back some memories. Of course I only saw those Bears escorted by F-4's or F-14's. I do know that the Russians mananged to overfly the Kitty Hawk a few years ago without the alert aircraft being launched. embarrising for the USN!

Wery nice, very nice...I would have to make several post in here in order not to torture you too much by my 'understandaple english'...

Anyway, i would like to make my first contripute in form of little remainder of the differences of Soviet and general western ships...

Soviet navy was born from the ruins of what was left of the old imperial navy. Thougth naval units played important pastery role in the revolution, VMF was left mostly to step-child position among the soviet military build up. This and unfavorable geographical conditions forced Soviet fleet to be coastal defence force and this dictated many of soviet ship designation and desings. Important fleets where Baltic and Black sea, but none of them provided clear entrance to the oceans.

Soviet military philosophies also called much to be operated under centralised controll and leader ship and this affected much on all soviet ships from the tinyest patrol launches to big cruisers.
Beeing coastal defence fleet, the important factors were naval aviation, shore controlled small attack units, submarines, coastal artillery and mine warfare. while most FACs and Mine warfare vessels were remarkably similar to the ones of the western fleets, the difference become clear in bigger units.

Most important difference is the lack of ocean escorts in the western sense. In west, these kind of vessels have been called Corvettes and frigates since WWII. But in Soviet union, similar size ships have been traditionally called Strorozhevoi Koralbs or SRKs, guard ships. Thougth similar in size and sometimes in appereance, these ships (like Kola, Riga, Krivak and Kashin) are mented more on pickets or gun boats, some sort of heavy weigth border guard ships against fleeing Soviet citizens and intruding foreingers. The soviet coastal defence doctrine called usually three zones, the offshore (big submarines); coastal (SRKs and medium subs as well as naval aviation) and innermore zone whit FACs and patrol boats accompanied whit coastal artillery.

Another important difference was the missile armed ships. In west, the terms DDg and FFG were born to descripe missile armed versions of destroyers and frigates, but whitout exeption they all were Air-to-air missile armed ships for fleet airdefence. In soviet union other hand, antiship missiles appeared in the earlyest moment (I will cover them in another post). This created mostly big RKRs or rocket cruisers mented to be against western carriers.
The decade long coastal defence orientation was well in the minds of the soviet planners so they created the tigth division/brigade structure for all ocean going combatants as well. All division usually called one long range (or heavy) and two or three short range brigade of ships, wheter they were nuclear submarines or small torbedo boats. Thus it created almoust analogious classes of missile armed ships and submarines whit long and short range missiles. For example, Sovromenyes came whit Slavas and Kirovs, Kresta-I's came whit Krivaks (before the ASW swithc wich I explain soon), Charlies become whit Echoes and Akulas whit Oscars....

Like Istvans told, Soviet union made hastly ASW switch in early 60's. Most clearly this effected into missile armed ships. Kresta class was orginally called project 934 and would have fielded in two classes; one whit the Bazalt long range SSMs and one whit short range Malachit SSM. However, as the ASW become priority, the ships were renamed from RKR into BPK, or big ASW ships. No other nation has fielded cruiser size dedicated ASW ships, thus differing from western cruisers.
They retained the Bazalts predecessor, P-5. the short range class was canceled and re-ordered as Kresta-II and Kara classes. Also Krivak class begun as antiship destroyer but its Malachit SSMs were replaced whit ASW missiles and the ships redesignated as BPKs. This conversion wasent so succsesfull and the ships were redesignated again as SRKs.
The ASW switch also created classes of small corvette sized offshore sub-hunters called MPKs or small ASW ships, but they werent escort ships in western sense.
As classic destroyers dissapeared from world oceans, soviets were only ones to revieal the orginal destroyer concept whit Sovromenyes which were called Eskardnyy Minotsets (fleet torbedo boats), the traditional name for classical destroyers. unlike the first soviet anti-ship missile ships of destroyer size the Krupnyes, were called BRK or large missile ships. Krivaks were orginally mented to desinged as this and Nachuka's were called MRKs, small missile ships in perfex to missile cutters like OSAs or TARANTULs.

I hope this is good for start, to understand bit more of soviet naval desings and not to lower into unfair comprassions between ships designed for totally different purposes like Burke vs. Sovromenyes sort of things.

Part 2:

As I promised it is time for ORBAT… In part 3 and 4 I will provide basic informations about naval airforce and soviet marines.

Soviets traditionally organized navy in 4 fleets:

1. North fleet whit headquarters in Severnomorsk (other bases include Matovskij Gulf, Polyarny, Severodvinsk, Archangelsk). North fleet is traditionally strongest and receives most modern equipment…
2. Pacific fleet whit headquarters in Vladivostok ( other bases Sovietskaya Gavan, Petropavlovsk, Komsomolskaya, Korsakov, Providenie Magadan, Najin)
3. Baltic fleet whit headquarters in Baltiyask
4. Black sea fleet whit headquarters in Sevastopol (other bases Poti and Odessa)

They also had bases in Cam Rahn Bay in Vietnam, Socotra in Yemen, Dahlak Island in Ethiopia.

CFE documentation from early 1990s lists:

Submarines:

SSN: Victor I – 14
Victor II – 7
Victor III – 26
Alfa – 6
Sierra I – 2
Sierra II – 1 + 3 under construction
Akula – 9 + 4 under construction

SSGN: Echo II – 14
Charlie I – 8 (all in Pacific fleet)
Charlie II – 6
Oscar I – 2
Oscar II – 7 + 3 under construction (they are armed whit 24 SS-N-19 missiles)

SSBN: Yankee I – 6 (originally was build 34 Yankees)
Delta I – 18
Delta II – 4
Delta III – 14
Delta IV – 7
Typhoon – 6

SSK: Zulu IV – 4
Foxtrot – 38
Tango – 18
Kilo – 19 + 5 under construction


Aircraft carriers/ aviation cruisers:

Moskva class – 2
Kiev class – 4
Admiral Kuznietsov class – 1 + 1 under construction (Varyag dear boys and girls)
Uljanovsk class – 1 under construction

Battle cruisers:
Kirov class – 3 + 1 under construction ( Kirovs were flagships of soviet navy . Kirov and Kalinin were in North fleet and Frunze in Pacific fleet)

Cruisers:

Kinda class – 3
Kresta I – 4
Kresta II – 10
Kara – 7
Slava – 3

Destroyers:

Kashin – 9
Kashin M – 2
Sovremenny - 15 + 6 under construction
Udaloy – 11 + 2 under construction

Frigates:

Krivak I – 21
Krivak II – 11
Krivak III – 8 (build for KGBs Far East Naval boarder guard)
Neustrashimy – 1 + 1 under construction (replacement class for Krivaks)

Corvettes:

Mirka II – 3
Petya -14
Grisha – 65
Pachim II – 12
Tarantul I – 2
Tarantul II – 18
Tarantul III – 20
Nanuchka I – 16
Nanuchka II – 18
Nanuchka IV – 1
Pauk I/II - ?

FAC:

Osa I – 18
Osa II – 20
Matka – 16

Amphibious assault ships:

Ivan Rogov class – 4
Aligator class – 14
Ropucha class – 25
Polnocny class – 36
Vidra class – 10
Ondatra class – 40
SMB 1 class – 15
Hovercrafts – 105

Fleet support ships – 100+ in different classes



Soviet navy used 76 oceangoing minesweepers and minehunters plus 100+ coastal minesweepers…

Part 3:

Soviet Naval Infantry during late could war



In the early 1980's the Soviet Naval Infantry was re-organized to fit the new offensive Soviet doctrine.

It consisted of 18,000 marine troops organized into one division (division has three infantry regiments, one amphibious tank regiment and one mobile artillery regiment) and three brigades (each whit four infantry battalions supported by tank and artillery units).

The results of this change gave each Naval Infantry motor rifle unit much greater organic firepower in the form of more medium tanks and artillery of all types. Mobility was also emphasized, as the new multiple rocket launchers and tube artillery were all self propelled.

The mission given the Naval Infantry force during the era was a daunting one. In the event of war it was no longer to simply support land-base offensives, but was expected to seize critical objectives far from the front on its own. This would be an ambitious task for a force of only 18,000 men.


Amphibious landing exercise

In the European theater, the troops of the Northern and Baltic fleets were tasked with supporting the army as they advanced into Western Europe by conducting landings in Norway, Denmark, and even Iceland. Their mission would be to seize air fields and to out maneuver NATO forces in the area.

The mission of the Pacific Fleet troops was even more difficult. If war began, the 8,000 men based at Vladivostok were tasked with seizing the Japanese northern islands. Operations against the Japanese island of Hokkido itself were also planned.


Zubr class Air Cushion Landing Craft (Pomornik)

The force was well prepared for its new role in spite of its small size. It gained more experience in using the powerful Ivan Rogov class amphibious assault ship, and added many more landing craft and air cushion vehicles to its inventory. By 1983 there were no less than ten variants of the Polnochny LST, of which there were seventy in service. Naval fire support would continue to be provided by the Sverdlov class cruisers. Perhaps the most startling development was the deployment of the massive Promornik Class air cushion vehicle which could carry two tanks, or four PT-76 light tanks along with a detachment of Naval Infantry. It also had its own anti-aircraft armament in the form of AGS-630 30mm guns and formed a powerful addition to the landing force.


Ivan Rogov class amphibious assault ship

Naval infantry was also supported by four naval Specnaz brigades and costal defense units.

Part 4:

Naval Aviation


The naval air force formed a critical part of Brezhnev's offensive doctrine. The force was made more efficient in the early 1980's when its air-defense duties were transferred to the air force.
This left around 900 aircraft and 260 helicopters to perform the traditional tasks of maritime reconnaissance, anti-submarine warfare, and to perform anti-shipping missions.

Maritime surveillance was the most important peacetime role of the Soviet naval air arm. Operating from bases in Angola, Yemen, Cuba, Vietnam, and the Soviet Union they were able to monitor NATO fleet deployments almost anywhere in the world.
Most of these missions were performed by Tu-16 'Badger' and Il-38 'May' aircraft, but in 1980 with the Tu-142 Bear-F Mod II joined the fleet. This modified bomber was able to cover very large areas of open ocean and was also equipped to detect ultra-quiet submarines operated by NATO nations.


Ilyushin Il-38 May flanked by Phantom

Anti-submarine operations were enhanced in the mid-1980's with the introduction of the Ka-27 'Helix' helicopter. This aircraft featured a new dipping sonar that its predecessor lacked.


Ka-27 helix

New cruise missiles helped make aircraft like the Tu-22M 'Backfire' more effective over longer ranges.


Tu-22m

The Soviets also began paying more attention to maintaining secure communications with their fleet submarines at sea. This would allow them to maintain constant control over the boats (particularly the ballistic missile submarines) in the event of war. The introduction of the Bear-J in 1982 gave them this capability. It was equipped with a GLONASS satellite navigation systems and a very low frequency antennae to establish a secure reliable connection between Moscow and the submarine fleet.

Aircrafts
Tu-16 Badger – 120
Tu-22 Blinder - 10
Tu-22M Backfire – 140
Su-17 – 90
Su-24 – 100
Yak-38 – 30
Mig-29 – 42
Tu-142 BearF – 65
Be-12 Mail – 80
IL–38 May – 50

Helicopters
Mi–14 Haze – 100
Ka-25 Harmone – 100
Ka-27 Helix – 60

In late 1980 soviets started development of Yak-141 V/STOL as replacement for Yak-38s, new amphibious aircraft A-40, Badgers and Blinders were being replaced whit Backfires…

Navy also used big number of different aircraft types for transport, training and electronic countermeasures and electronic surveillance…

Part 5

Ok it is time for some soviet navy ship classes… In this post I will present you workhorses of Soviet navy during 1980; Sovremenny and Udaloy class DDG…
These classes are developed in the same time but whit different tasks…
I decided for these classes because most of people on this forum are familiar whit them but lack basic knowledge about their design purposes.
As a matter of fact some people on this forum think about these ships as rust buckets loaded whit missiles. They are completely ignoring time of development and design requirements of these ships…
Soviets made this ships for use in extreme sea environment (during rough sea missions Sovs had no problems overrunning western ships), and as for rockets if you want to have long rang supersonic missile it has to have longer body to store more fuel, thus you have bigger launchers for that missile and doing so ship has to have bigger displacement…
Besides main reason for such strong missile armament is based on Soviet naval doctrine. Basically Soviet strategy is based on massive missile strikes on American carrier groups (whit carriers as primary targets). And if you are in range of USN CBG you don’t need stealth; you need long range SSM, fast ship and naturally all the luck you can have…
To me these ships are still one of most impressive ships in the world, and if we look at the time when they were developed then we could say that they were amongst best designs of that era…


There designs were based on Slava class cruisers (basically all Soviet projects designed in 1970s share construction similarities). One of construction similarities is strong long range missile armament.
Since Soviet navy was always focused on specialized platforms they decided to produce two DDG classes; Sovremenny class whit primary anti-ship role and Udaloy for ASW…




The Sovremenny Class is a Soviet class of destroyers designed to engage hostile ships by means of missile attack, and to provide warships and transport ships with protection against ship and air attack. Intended primarily for anti-ship operations, it was designed to compliment anti-submarine warfare (ASW) Udaloy destroyers. The ships have anti-ship, anti-aircraft, anti-submarine and coastal bombardment capability.

Construction of first ship of the class was starded in 1977. and he was commissioned in 1980. All ships were built at the “Severnaya Verf”, in Saint Petersburg (same shipyard build “Kresta II“cruisers).
Soviet navy build 15 Project 956 destroyers before USSR collapsed … There were plans for 28 ships of that class.
Ships dimensions are 156.5 x 17 2 x 5.99 meters with a maximum displacement of 8,480t. Crew counts 296 man (25 officers).

Command and control
The ship's combat systems can use target designation data from the ship's active and passive sensors, from other ships in the fleet, from surveillance aircraft or via a communications link from the ship's helicopter. The multi-channel defence suite is capable of engaging several targets simultaneously.

Missiles
The ship is equipped with the Raduga Moskit anti-ship missile system with two four-cell launchers installed port and starboard of the forward island and set at an angle about 15°. The ship carries a total of eight Moskit 3M80E missiles, NATO designation SS-N-22 Sunburn. The missile is a sea-skimming missile with velocity Mach 2.5 and armed with a 300kg high-explosive warhead or a nuclear 200kt warhead. The range is from 10 to 120km. The launch weight is 4,000kg.
Two Shtil surface-to-air missile systems are installed, each on the raised deck behind the two-barreled 130mm guns. Shtil is the export name of the SA-N-7, NATO reporting name Gadfly. The system uses the ship's 3D circular scan radar for target tracking. Up to three missiles can be aimed simultaneously. The range is up to 25km against targets with speeds up to 830m/s. The ship carries 48 Shtil missiles.

Guns
The ship's 130mm guns are the AK-130-MR-184 supplied by the Ametist Design Bureau and the Frunze Arsenal Design Bureau in Saint Petersburg. The system includes a computer control system with electronic and television sighting. The gun can be operated in fully automatic mode from the radar control system; under autonomous control using the turret mounted Kondensor optical sighting system and can also be laid manually. Rate of fire is between 20 and 35 rounds/min.
The ship has four six-barrel 30mm AK-630 artillery systems. The maximum rate of fire is 5,000 rounds/min. Range is up to 4,000m for low flying anti-ship missiles and 5,000m for light surface targets. The gun is equipped with radar and television detection and tracking.

Anti-submarine systems
The destroyer has two double 533mm torpedo tubes and two six-barrel RBU-1000 anti-submarine rocket launchers, with 48 rockets. Range is 1,000m. The rocket is armed with a 55kg warhead.

Helicopter
The ship's helicopter pad accommodates one Kamov Ka-27 anti-submarine warfare helicopter, NATO codename Helix. The helicopter can operate in conditions up to Sea State 5 and up to 200km from the host ship.

Countermeasures
The Project 956 destroyer is fitted with an electronic countermeasures system and carries a store of 200 rockets for the two decoy dispensers, model PK-2.

Sensors
The ship is equipped with three navigation radars, air target acquisition radar, and fire control radars for the 130mm gun and the 30mm gun. The sonar suite includes active and passive hull mounted search and attack sonar.

Propulsion
The ship's propulsion system is based on two steam turbine engines each producing 50,000hp together with four high-pressure boilers. There are two fixed-pitch propellers. The ship's maximum speed is just under 33 knots. Ships are able to go from 10 knots to max. speed in only 2 minutes. At a fuel-economic speed of 18 knots the range is 3,920 miles.




Designed primarily as an anti-submarine warfare platform, with a long cruising range and underway replenishment capabilities, Udaloy class ships provide support to surface task forces. Udaloy reflects design changes that addressed the shortcomings of the previous Krivak program; namely the lack of helicopter facilities, limited sonar capabilities, and light air-defenses.
They are first Soviet destroyers that use two antisubmarine helicopters. The Udaloy has two helicopter hangars with doors that serve as a ramp to the flight deck.
The Project 1155 dates to the 1970s when it was concluded that it was too costly to build large-displacement, single-role combatants. The concept of specialized surface ships was developed by Soviet designers.
Unfortunately this emphasis on ASW left these ships with limited anti-surface and anti-air capabilities.
Soviet navy build 11 Project 1155 destroyers before USSR collapsed … Crew counts 249 man (29 officers).

Command and control
The ship's combat systems can use target designation data from the ship's active and passive sensors, from other ships in the fleet, from surveillance aircraft or via a communications link from the ship's helicopter. The multi-channel defense suite is capable of engaging several targets simultaneously.

Missiles
The ship is equipped with the KT -16 “Metel” anti-submarine missile system with two four-cell launchers installed port and starboard of the forward island and set at an angle about 15°. The ship carries a total of eight Metel 85-RU missiles, NATO designation SS-N-14 Silex. The missile has velocity Mach 0.95 and has range of 55km.
Two Kindzhal surface-to-air missile systems are installed in 8 eight cell VLS launchers, NATO designation SA-N-9 “Gountlet”. The system uses two “Cross sword” radars for target tracking. Up to eight missiles can be aimed simultaneously at four targets whit single “Cross sword”. The range is up to 12km against targets with speeds up to 830m/s. The ship carries 64 9M330 missiles.

Guns
The ship uses two 100mm guns. The system includes a computer control system with electronic and television sighting. The gun can be operated in fully automatic mode from the radar control system; under autonomous control using the turret mounted Kondensor optical sighting system and can also be laid manually. Rate of fire is approximately 60 rounds/min.
The ship has four six-barrel 30mm AK-630 artillery systems. The maximum rate of fire is 5,000 rounds/min. Range is up to 4,000m for low flying anti-ship missiles and 5,000m for light surface targets. The gun is equipped with radar and television detection and tracking.

Backup anti-submarine systems
The destroyer has two quadruple 533mm torpedo tubes and two twelve-barrel RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launchers, with 48 rockets. Range is 6,000m. The rocket is armed with a 55kg warhead.

Helicopter
The ship's helicopter pad accommodates two Kamov Ka-27 anti-submarine warfare helicopters, NATO codename Helix. The helicopter can operate in conditions up to Sea State 5 and up to 200km from the host ship.

Countermeasures
The Project 1155 destroyer is fitted with an electronic countermeasures system and carries a store of 200 rockets for the two decoy dispensers, model PK-2.

Sensors
The ship is equipped with three navigation radars, air target acquisition radar, and fire control radars for the SAM, 100mm guns and the 30mm guns. The ship uses a Polinom active/passive search/attack sonar system.

Propulsion
The ship's propulsion system is based on two gas turbine engines each producing 55,500hp together with two gas turbine engines each producing 13,600hp. There are two fixed-pitch propellers. The ship's maximum speed is just under 32 knots. At a fuel-economic speed of 18 knots the range is 4000 miles.


Some more Sovremenny pitcures

:coffee:
Nice reading Ishtvan, guess I'll make some additions and corrections, if You don't mind?