Shenyang FC-31 / J-31 Fighter Demonstrator

jobjed

Captain
We do not know any such details here...except that the PRC has had the aircraft out there for some years and it apparently has been rejected by the PLAAF and the PLAN, and has not garnered the serious interest of another nation.

The insider did not say that the FC-31 program was completely dead. He said "there is no more J-31, only FC-31". This implies that the FC-31 is still available for export. This has precedent in many land systems like the FK-1000 AA system, Type 85IIM MBT, PLZ-45, etc, which were not selected by the PLA but were put on the international market.
 

Jeff Head

General
Registered Member
The insider did not say that the FC-31 program was completely dead. He said "there is no more J-31, only FC-31". This implies that the FC-31 is still available for export. This has precedent in many land systems like the FK-1000 AA system, Type 85IIM MBT, PLZ-45, etc, which were not selected by the PLA but were put on the international market.
Well, perhaps some other nation may pick it up then...but I would imagine they would have to be well enough off financially to be good for all the development still needed to bring it forward to even the prototype testing phases, and then beyond that to production.
 

Richard Santos

Captain
Registered Member
Well, perhaps some other nation may pick it up then...but I would imagine they would have to be well enough off financially to be good for all the development still needed to bring it forward to even the prototype testing phases, and then beyond that to production.

It would have to be a very trusting nation on very good terms with PRC to finance the development of an aircraft by the PRC that the PRC would not use in its own service. PRC would gain tremendous leverage over that nation because the PRC itself would have put nothing at stake, while that other nation would have had to commit many billions, while all the key facility, expertise and faculty needed to make those billions pay would be under the control of the PRC. PRC could pull the plug at any time at the slightest hint of displeasure at the other nation with no loss to itself, leaving the other nation to eat the loss of its entire investment up to that point.
 

Jeff Head

General
Registered Member
It would have to be a very trusting nation on very good terms with PRC to finance the development of an aircraft by the PRC that the PRC would not use in its own service. PRC would gain tremendous leverage over that nation because the PRC itself would have put nothing at stake, while that other nation would have had to commit many billions, while all the key facility, expertise and faculty needed to make those billions pay would be under the control of the PRC. PRC could pull the plug at any time at the slightest hint of displeasure at the other nation with no loss to itself, leaving the other nation to eat the loss of its entire investment up to that point.
Exactly...agreed. Seems an unlikely scenario...but strange things happen sometimes.
 

SinoSoldier

Colonel
It's highly unlikely that the FC31 v2 will come close to J20 specs or capabilities.

There are very good reasons why the PLAAF went with the J20 over SAC's offering in the first place.

Not only is the J20 vastly ahead in terms of programme development, there are also key factors to consider beyond the state of the current prototypes.

Both the J20 and FC31 are flying with interim engines.

Whereas the J20's primary intended power plant the WS15 is getting priority status and appears to be making steady progress, there is no such next gen engine in the works for the FC31.

So even if the FC31 comes close to the J20's kinetic performance now, by the time they are both expected to mature into their intended versions, the J20 should blow the FC31 out of the water in terms of raw airframe performance.

A carrier J20 would require a substantial redesign, but then so would a carrier FC31.

Not only will a carrier J20 have superior raw performance compared to the FC31, it should also enjoy significant economies of scale savings in procurement, operating and training costs by sharing a common airframe and parts as the land based J20, much like how the F35 was supposed to deliver substantial economy savings for the same reasons.

The big difference would be that because there isn't a STOVL J20 to throw a spanner in the works, a Chinese joint stealth fighter programme between the Air Force and navy has a significantly better chance of achieving the kind of goals originally promised by the F35.

Even if the FC31 is significantly cheaper now compared to a J20, if you compare the total combined programme development, procurement, operating and training costs of a J20+FC31 programme against a two version J20 programme, I would be very surprised if the J20+FC31 combo deal will come out significantly cheaper overall.

The only real, solid advantage the FC31 has over the J20's is size, so you can fit more FC31s on a carrier than you could a carrier J20.

While there are merits to both arguments, all you have to do is look at past PLAN procurement choices to see which side they stand on when it comes to heavy vs medium carrier fighter.

The PLANAF had the very viable option of buy off-the-shelf Russian Mig29Ks rather than develop the J15. Alternatively, they could have opted for a carrier version of the J10B/C if they wanted to go the domestic medium carrier fighter route.

Instead they opted for the heavy J15.

The fundamental reasons for them to prefer heavy over medium would not chance, so it's little wonder that when asked again if they wanted heavy or medium, they opted for heavy again.

I think realistically, the only option for the FC31 is now export.

As the name suggests, it will become the Chinese fifth gen JF17/FC1 - a low cost 'good enough' fighter offering that China could sell for profits with minimal risk of allowing potential adversaries and foes to be able to gleam operationally relevant data that could be used to counter China's own fighter forces.

America can acquire entire squadrons of JF17 or FC31s for their aggressor squadrons and it won't make US pilots any better at being able to fight J10s or J20s if it really came down to it.

As China expands its role and footprint internationally, having a viable 5th gen fighter it could offer to friends and allies would be a powerful card to be able to play, so it may well be worthwhile for the Chinese government to part finance the FC31 so it could use it as a diplomatic tool, as well as to keep enough competition alive inside China's fighter market to stop CAC becoming the Chinese LockMart, with all the risks that comes with having a single over dominant player in any critical field.

Good points, but I'd like to point out a few things.

The powerplant for the FC-31 is being finalized. It has already been test flown aboard the FC-31 31001 tech demonstrator and hence should be ahead of the WS-15, barring the possibility that flight testing of the latter has gone unnoticed by the public.

The FC-31 also serves as a potential replacement for the hundreds of J-7/J-8/Q-5/JH-7, which would be expensive to do with an all-J-20 fleet. Doing the same with 4+ generation aircraft is of controversial value in an age where China's immediate neighbors are acquiring the F-35.

I do agree, however, that the FC-31 project will continue, but not for the reasons stated. The program gives SAC a chance to prove that its engineering team and management are competent, and if it manages to bag a few international orders, domestic interest might even materialize.
 

SinoSoldier

Colonel
The FC-31 doesn't offer the same capabilities as J-20. The FC-31 would also require investment to reinvent the wheels found on the J-20. Finally, a decent platform won't cut it, as it has to be same or better than J-20.


There is no need to. PLAAF and PLANAF no doubt did their own assessments, and concluded that the FC-31 isn't worthy enough to even justify a competition.

Does the FC-31 need to match the J-20 in every aspect to be a worthwhile investment? All that is required is for it to offer some capabilities that the J-20 does not bear or to fill a niche (dimensional, financial, logistical) not touched upon by the J-20.

For instance, the F-35 offers specific advantages over the F-22 (including a smaller size, all-aspect EODAS, HMD, EOTS, and a presumably more powerful AN/AGP81 radar), but it would be controversial to claim the former as superior to the latter.
 

Blitzo

Lieutenant General
Staff member
Super Moderator
Registered Member
Does the FC-31 need to match the J-20 in every aspect to be a worthwhile investment? All that is required is for it to offer some capabilities that the J-20 does not bear or to fill a niche (dimensional, financial, logistical) not touched upon by the J-20.

For instance, the F-35 offers specific advantages over the F-22 (including a smaller size, all-aspect EODAS, HMD, EOTS, and a presumably more powerful AN/AGP81 radar), but it would be controversial to claim the former as superior to the latter.

The advantages which you describe that F-35 has over F-22 are probably not advantages that a notional navalized FC-31 would have over a navalized J-20, because they would be developed in the same time frame with likely the same variety of subsystem suppliers to source from.


In the end, I think that on balance, between the advantages and disadvantages of going for a navalized FC-31 vs a navalized J-20, the latter option probably was found through rigorous analysis and projections by the Navy (and possibly Air Force as well), to have significantly higher advantages and less disadvantages, compared to the former.
And these advantages and disadvantages are not only in regards to projected future performance and capability, but also cost, logistics, risk, and past performance of the two companies as well, all of which would have been compared to the Navy's own requirements and budget and preference before making their final decision.

I believe those are some reasonable assumptions to make, and it should be enough for us to entertain and accept why they did not continue with FC-31 as a domestic programme.
 

delft

Brigadier
Technically, the Iranian Tomcat is completely land-based.
OT
That was just a matter of marketing. The Shah wanted to buy the most expensive fighter he could buy. For operations from land bases Tomcat is seriously over-designed, and so over weight :(, but that does contribute to its long live.
 

Iron Man

Major
Registered Member
For instance, the F-35 offers specific advantages over the F-22 (including a smaller size, all-aspect EODAS, HMD, EOTS, and a presumably more powerful AN/AGP81 radar), but it would be controversial to claim the former as superior to the latter.
APG-77 has 1956 T/R modules compared to APG-81 with 1676 T/R modules, so this seems unlikely.
 
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