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My Review and Build of Hobby Boss Kit #83527 1/350 Scale,
Type 212, S184 German Sumbarine REVIEW & BUILD,
Note: Youcan see all of these pictures, and numerus other pictures of the TYpe 212 Submarines at
German Type 212 Class, Air Independant Propulsion (AIP) Submarine S184
The German Type 212 class, also being built as the Italian Todaro class as a joint venture, is a highly advanced design of non-nuclear submarine developed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG (HDW) for the German and Italian navies. It features conventiona diesel propulsion system, couple with an additional air-independent propulsion (AIP) system using a Siemens proton exchange membrane (PEM) with compressed hydrogen fuel cells. The submarines can operate at high speed on diesel power or switch to the AIP system for silent slow cruising, staying submerged for up to three weeks without surfacing and with little exhaust heat. The AIP system is also said to be vibration-free, extremely quiet and virtually undetectable.
The need for diesel-electric boats to have to ruface, or come very close to the surface to get air to recharde their batteris has been the downfall of these submarines because they are very vulnerable when near the surface. Althugh several attempts at AIP had been tested in the past the Type 212 is the first fuel cell propulsion system equipped submarine series to be built in series production.
Since its initial production in the late 1990s, other systems have been produced, most notable the Japanese sryu class, which use a Kockums Stirling engines license-built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Nine of those boats have been built and launched, and four more are to be launched. But the last batch will apparently have their air independent propulsion systems replaced with banks of Li-Ion batteries.
In addition to these, the latest Russian Kilo submarines, which are built for several countries are said to be AIP capable, the later Chinese Yuan class boats are AIP capable, and the new Indian, French Scorpène class, and the Swedish Gotland class (which developed the Kockums Sterline AIP engine). The French Module d'Energie Sous-Marine Autonome (MESMA) system for the Scorpène class is essentially a propulsion system with heat being generated by ethanol and oxygen. The combustion of the ethanol and stored oxygen, at a pressure of 60 atmospheres, generates steam which powers a conventional turbine power plant. This pressure-firing allows exhaust carbon dioxide to be expelled overboard at any depth without an exhaust compressor. The French are said to be developing a second-generation hydrogen fuel cell AIP modules for future Scorpène models.
The latest Israeli Dolphin class of three vessels (to add to their first three vessels), of which two have been completed, are hevily modified Type 212 boats which are longer and 500 tons heavier.
My Review and Build of Hobby Boss Kit #83527 1/350 Scale,
Type 212, S184 German Sumbarine REVIEW & BUILD,
Note: Youcan see all of these pictures, and numerus other pictures of the TYpe 212 Submarines at
German Type 212 Class, Air Independant Propulsion (AIP) Submarine S184
The German Type 212 class, also being built as the Italian Todaro class as a joint venture, is a highly advanced design of non-nuclear submarine developed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft AG (HDW) for the German and Italian navies. It features conventiona diesel propulsion system, couple with an additional air-independent propulsion (AIP) system using a Siemens proton exchange membrane (PEM) with compressed hydrogen fuel cells. The submarines can operate at high speed on diesel power or switch to the AIP system for silent slow cruising, staying submerged for up to three weeks without surfacing and with little exhaust heat. The AIP system is also said to be vibration-free, extremely quiet and virtually undetectable.
The need for diesel-electric boats to have to ruface, or come very close to the surface to get air to recharde their batteris has been the downfall of these submarines because they are very vulnerable when near the surface. Althugh several attempts at AIP had been tested in the past the Type 212 is the first fuel cell propulsion system equipped submarine series to be built in series production.
Since its initial production in the late 1990s, other systems have been produced, most notable the Japanese sryu class, which use a Kockums Stirling engines license-built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Nine of those boats have been built and launched, and four more are to be launched. But the last batch will apparently have their air independent propulsion systems replaced with banks of Li-Ion batteries.
In addition to these, the latest Russian Kilo submarines, which are built for several countries are said to be AIP capable, the later Chinese Yuan class boats are AIP capable, and the new Indian, French Scorpène class, and the Swedish Gotland class (which developed the Kockums Sterline AIP engine). The French Module d'Energie Sous-Marine Autonome (MESMA) system for the Scorpène class is essentially a propulsion system with heat being generated by ethanol and oxygen. The combustion of the ethanol and stored oxygen, at a pressure of 60 atmospheres, generates steam which powers a conventional turbine power plant. This pressure-firing allows exhaust carbon dioxide to be expelled overboard at any depth without an exhaust compressor. The French are said to be developing a second-generation hydrogen fuel cell AIP modules for future Scorpène models.
The latest Israeli Dolphin class of three vessels (to add to their first three vessels), of which two have been completed, are hevily modified Type 212 boats which are longer and 500 tons heavier.