Principles of PLA watching

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Blitzo

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That doesn't make a lot of sense. So, "they knew that China had a "next generation fighter" under development", but didn't "believe that such an aircraft would be a 5th generation fighter intended to compete with the US's own 5th generation fighters"? Of course it's possible that they might not have been able to precisely predict the capability the J-20 would have 20 years later (quite probably China didn't fully know either), but the fact that they were aware of the program in 1997 and provided a realistic timeline shows that they were well informed at that point.

Actually it absolutely made sense.

I'm not sure when you started keeping tabs on J-XX/XXJ, and what the state of the discourse was like in the 2000s.
But back then, at least as late as the mid 2000s, there was very little belief that China could be able to make a 5th generation fighter anything like what J-20 currently looks like. The overwhelming consensus was that they would build something like a moderately stealthier Rafale or Typhoon, or perhaps build something like the F-117 first.

Certainly there was very little serious belief that China could be able to build a fighter that was a peer to F-22 or the capabilities of the (then projected) F-35, and I do not recall reading anything about the US military community considering XXJ/J-XX to have the ability to rival F-22 or F-35 until much later in late 2000s.

So yes, I absolutely believe that for a long time the declassified US military reports did not actually know how advanced the XXJ/J-XX would end up being.
The very fact that they did not explicitly state that such an aircraft would be a 5th generation aircraft intended to counter F-22 and F-35 is unfortunately quite important to whether they actually knew in the 90s and early 2000s what this plane would end up being



Just because they were able to get a programme designation and make an estimate for when the aircraft might enter service shows literally nothing.
I know that the USAF is developing the next generation PCA with intention to have it in service by the 2030s, but I know nothing about the extent of its future capabilities.

Given the way events have ended up unfolding in the J-XX/J-20 saga, the burden of proof to demonstrate that the US knew what the J-20's capabilities would have been is on you.
 

Blitzo

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As Klon says, where's the evidence to suggest this?

If anything, the expected long development phase to me reflects a recognition that China's ambitions were quite a bit higher than that (why would they think so if they believed this new fighter would be no more than an evolutionary improvement on the J-10, which was already quite well-understood at the time?). In fact, being only 2 years off the mark with a projection on a 20-year military endeavour by another nation which is very opaque to you in terms of information is a downright remarkable performance. Hell, few countries are able to predict the long term schedule of their very own fighter projects that well - credit where it's due!

But why is the burden of proof on our side of the argument?

We all knew how events ended up unfolding WRT J-20.


If the US military really did know in the late 90s what kind of aircraft XXJ/J-20 would be, then there should have been much more noise made about it being an F-22 or F-35 competitor earlier on.


You ask "where is the evidence that the US didn't know what XXJ would end up looking like" --- but my counter, which I believe is very much reasonable, is "where is the evidence that the US did know what the XXJ would end up looking like"?
Because they were certainly awfully vague about it until the years immediately leading up to J-20's unveiling, if they had such a clue about it then why not release such information, especially considering they were happy to do so for other projects from rivals like PAK FA.
 

SinoSoldier

Colonel
What the Chinese intended were of no relevance to the US intelligence community. What they were concerned about is what they assessed the Chinese to be and become capable of. In neither of those assessments did "parity" or "superiority" ever cross their mind, hence their willingness to stop F-22 production at 187 examples.

Then, in just twenty years time, the Chinese have introduced an aircraft with a more comprehensive sensor package than the F-22, in a larger and more aerodynamically unstable airframe than the F-35, with greater potential for growth than either, operating in conjunction with the world's most sophisticated IADS and one of the most advanced ISR ecosystems, and backed up by the world's fastest growing - both quantitatively and qualitatively - R&D and hi-tech manufacturing sector.

So, yes, the US certainly knew the Chinese were interested in a next-gen (for the Chinese) fighter that, most optimistically, might end up being competitive with the West's prev-gen design. What the US didn't know and didn't even bother considering, is the Chinese next-gen will ultimately rival the US' next-gen, and in a lot of crucial areas, even show greater realised capabilities as well as greater potential for future retrofitting of new capabilities.

SecDef Gates was off by roughly ~7 years (which is not bad considering how early the predictions were). The US intelligence groups had expected the J-XX to be comparable to their US fifth generation counterparts which is also reiterated in Mr. Gates' statement.

I'd also warn against assuming that the J-20 can "rival" the F-35 or F-22 without further light being shed on these systems. Just because the J-20 comes with one or two additional gadgets does not mean it possesses an equal or greater level of modularity or sensor capability than the F-22/35.
 

Klon

Junior Member
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Actually it absolutely made sense.

I'm not sure when you started keeping tabs on J-XX/XXJ, and what the state of the discourse was like in the 2000s.
But back then, at least as late as the mid 2000s, there was very little belief that China could be able to make a 5th generation fighter anything like what J-20 currently looks like. The overwhelming consensus was that they would build something like a moderately stealthier Rafale or Typhoon, or perhaps build something like the F-117 first.

Certainly there was very little serious belief that China could be able to build a fighter that was a peer to F-22 or the capabilities of the (then projected) F-35, and I do not recall reading anything about the US military community considering XXJ/J-XX to have the ability to rival F-22 or F-35 until much later in late 2000s.

So yes, I absolutely believe that for a long time the declassified US military reports did not actually know how advanced the XXJ/J-XX would end up being.
The very fact that they did not explicitly state that such an aircraft would be a 5th generation aircraft intended to counter F-22 and F-35 is unfortunately quite important to whether they actually knew in the 90s and early 2000s what this plane would end up being



Just because they were able to get a programme designation and make an estimate for when the aircraft might enter service shows literally nothing.
I know that the USAF is developing the next generation PCA with intention to have it in service by the 2030s, but I know nothing about the extent of its future capabilities.

Given the way events have ended up unfolding in the J-XX/J-20 saga, the burden of proof to demonstrate that the US knew what the J-20's capabilities would have been is on you.
All of this (bolded) sounds like you're referring to forums or general articles. If there are publicly available sources that show US intelligence underestimating the J-20, feel free to post them.

I can't demonstrate what they knew about it because such things usually aren't publicized. My basic position is (among other things) that they aren't less competent than SDF posters, even after allowing for the amazing professionalism and all-around brilliance on display here.

In this part
So yes, I absolutely believe that for a long time the declassified US military reports did not actually know how advanced the XXJ/J-XX would end up being.
The very fact that they did not explicitly state that such an aircraft would be a 5th generation aircraft intended to counter F-22 and F-35 is unfortunately quite important to whether they actually knew in the 90s and early 2000s what this plane would end up being
you seem to be saying there are declassified reports that underestimate the J-20. If you post them, I'll gladly take a look. Otherwise, people simply asserting something remains unpersuasive.

(If the moderators delete or move this post, hopefully the action will be consistent for other offending posts.)
 

AssassinsMace

Lieutenant General
Interesting how this all started because someone didn't want to believe China was developing a refueling boom... And then it turns into a debate on whether or not US intelligence services knew about the J-20 before it was first revealed "publicly." Is refueling boom technology some precious secret that intelligence services would have to warn the world that the sky is falling because China is working on one? But since there has been no word from intelligence agencies of such a development, the refueling boom pictures must be a lie and China must quit posting pictures of a lie or else some people are gonna get really really mad.


Yes China is so backward that it's impossible to believe that China can develop a refueling boom but they knew the J-20 was good enough to be up there with the F-22 and F-35 before it even showed up.
 
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Blitzo

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I just realized that the Y-8, Y-9, and Y-20 do not have aerial refueling probes. This seems to be a significant shortfall in light of the PLAAF's greater emphasis on projection and transport.

I can kind of understand the rationale considering how few air refuelling tankers they have had to begin with, and that it would take a while until they were able to acquire a sufficient number of tankers to make their non-combat aircraft (including force multipliers and transports) air refuelable a worthwhile exercise.

However, IMO it would have been an oversight if they had not designed Y-20 and Y-9 to both be capable of modification for air refuelling without significant modifications.


Fortunately, the fact that KJ-500 seems to have an air refuelling probe suggests to me that it shouldn't be a big issue for the rest of the Y-9 family to have it as well either through new production or MLU.
 
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