MiG-31

crobato

Colonel
VIP Professional
if su27 was a much superior jet, why did the russian refuse to sell an inferior mig31 to China but allowed for the more capable Su27?


Mainly because you can load a nuke on it and the plane is uninterceptible. The Russians didn't trust the Chinese at that time, considering over two decades of cold war and border clashes between them.
 

adeptitus

Captain
VIP Professional
Hypothetically, if the PLAAF had ordered MiG-31M's in the 1990's, it could've funded further development to the MiG-31F variant, as well as the Vympel R-37 (AA-X-13) AAM.

A much-improved multi-role capable MiG-31F, equipped with R-37 AAM, Kh-31 ARM, an Kh-58 air-to-surface missiles would've been quite powerful, not to mention the ability for multiple MiG-31's to datalink and extend their coverage.

...going back to the real world, I think the Russians might've been willing to sell a small number of downgraded MiG-31E's to PLAAF for evaluation. The MiG-31E in 1991 is still far better than the J-8-II and would've performed patrol duties quite well. But it's a mood point now since the platform doesn't have much of a future beyond maintenance upgrades.
 

tphuang

Lieutenant General
Staff member
Super Moderator
VIP Professional
Registered Member
yeah, I don't think the Russians permitted the sale of Mig-31 until very recently. The stories about Mig-31 export in the early 90s are quite bogus. But, definitely, Mig-31s are probably the premier interceptor in the world now that F-14s are retired. But unfortunately for Mikloyan, the timeframe to export to China has closed. With flanker variants getting PESA radar and long ranged missile like KS-172. That pretty much takes away what Mig-31 had going for it. And with turbojet engines, Mig-31 really isn't going to have the operating radius of flankers. And it only now claims to have multi-role capabilities. Flankers have had it for a while.
 

BLUEJACKET

Banned Idiot
But unfortunately for Mikloyan, the timeframe to export to China has closed.
I don't agree! If it & its predessessor can be modernized, the story isn't over yet:
The airframe of the Foxhound is stressed to withstand 5g, while that of th MiG-25 was only capable of withstanding 4.5g. The Soloviev D-30F6 turbofan engines of the MiG-31 enable speeds of up to Mach 1.23 at low altitude and Mach 2.83 at high altitude. The Foxhound is more fuel efficient than the MiG-25 but it still need a lot of fuel - much of the centre fuselage and wing structure is taken up with fuel tanks. Later production aircraft have aerial refuelling capability.
MiG-31 was the world's first operational aircraft to use a Phased Array radar - i.e. it scans electronically rather than by moving the radar antennae physically. The Zaslon S-800 radar can track fighter-sized aircraft from 125 miles away and bigger aircraft from 250 miles away. It is claimed that several Foxhounds can link their radars and thereby simultaneously scan a much larger amount of airspace. The MiG-31 is also the first Soviet aircraft to have true "look down, shoot down" capability - essentially for intercepting low flying bombers and cruise missiles. ..
The factory also intends to offer Libya MiG-31 'Foxhound' interceptors, the highly capable fighter designed to defend against cruise missile attacks. The aircraft has never before been exported and is operated only by Russian and Kazakhstan air forces. The company currently plans to modernize the type for Russia (MiG-31BM) and offer the MiG-31FE upgrade for export. Modernization will include improved avionics and a "glass" cockpit; improvements to the Zaslon-M radar to increase range and the number of targets that can be engaged simultaneously; and provision for carriage of R-37, R-73 and R-77 air-to-air missiles. In addition, a number of ground attack weapons will be operable on the type, including Kh-31P (Kh-31MP) or Kh-25MP (Kh-25MPU) missiles, and laser/TV-guided bombs."..

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This is in Russian-
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BLUEJACKET

Banned Idiot
Re: MiG-25 defection by V. Belenko

07.11.2003
On September 6, 1976 news agencies reported sensational news: a pilot of the newest Russian fighter plane MiG-25 landed on Japanese island Khokkaido and asked for political asylum in the USA.

Americans used this chance to examine the construction of the Russian fighter plane. After this Russia had to replace the electronic system of identification in all its military planes. Several years later Russian newspapers reported that MIG hijacker was killed in a car crash, and many people in Russia were satisfied that the person who committed treason was revenged. But in fact the hijacker was alive and doing well…

Victor Belenko was born in the town of Naltchik in a family of workers, and finished school with distinction. He studied in a medical school for two years but then changed his mind and entered Air Force Military Academy in Armavir. After several years of service as a pilot and trainer he was appointed in an air defense unit located near the city of Vladivostok. Senior lieutenant Belenko had a successful career - being a deputy commander of an air squadron he was about to be appointed a captain. He was trusted to operate the newest Russian interceptor-fighter plane MiG 25 P. His plane with the number 31 on its side was produced very recently - in February 1976.
sideview-1.jpg

Monday September 6, 1976 will always be the worst day for the pilots of his air group. On that day a team of MiGs took off from Chuguevka airport and practiced aerobatics figures and interception of targets in air. Suddenly one of the planes shot upwards and then started falling towards the ocean. Then the plane disappeared from the radar screens. Victor's colleagues thought the plane lost the control and crashed. That evening Victor was аnnounced dead and the pilots started raising money for his wife and little son.

The very moment the plane disappeared from the screens the plane was flying towards Japan 50 meters over the ocean. After reaching Khokkaido island the plane stopped hiding from locators, and two Japanese fighter planes took off to capture the stranger plane. Soon the hijacked MiG was in the southern part of the island and began landing in Khakhodate passenger airport. Belenko hardly avoided collision with the Japanese airlines Boeing which was taking off and therefore stopped 250 meters out of the runway area. MiG stopped very close to the massive radio antenna, the pilot would be killed and the plane destroyed after collision with it. The plane had fuel only for 30 seconds of flight, this means the pilot had no time for more carefully made landing.

After the authorities of the USSR understood the escape of Belenko could not be hidden from the public the Russian Foreign Ministry informed that the senior lieutenant lost his way and landed in Japan where he was injected drugs by force. The treasoner had a chance to return to his Motherland even after he applied for the political asylum in the USA. After the demand of the USSR the meeting Belenko with Soviet officials was arranged. Upon entering the room the employee of the Soviet Embassy in Japan, named Sadovnikov, said: "The Soviet government knows that you lost the way, were forced to land and injected drugs. I have come here to help you return home to your beloved wife and son!" Belenko interrupted him: "Stop carrying on propoganda to me. I arrived in Japan voluntarily". And then the "diplomat" who was a KGB officer publicly threatened the hijacker: "Traitor! We will find you anyway wherever you will be!" The story about the death of Belenko in a car crash could be invented by KGB to prevent other people from following the hijacker footsteps.

Russia could not get the escaped pilot but his MiG 25 plane finally was returned to the country. However, before this the newest Soviet interceptor fighter plane was brought to the US Air Force military base located 80 kilometers from Tokyo. At the base the plane was carefully examined which helped Americans learn many military secrets. The plane was dismantled and brought to a Soviet boat in the located nearby port of Hitachi at night of October 12. MiG returned by Japan was brought to Latvia, city Daugavpils where a Soviet Air Force Academy was. The students used the plane for training. In the end of 80s the plane's period of operation expired, and it was brought to a special dump place. Local children and students took pieces of the plane as souvenirs.

After obtaining political asylum in the USA with the help of the President политическое, Belenko got a good job - he taught an air fight technique in a Military Academy for several years. He had a family with an American woman and three children. Then he divorced and granted his house to the ex-wife, in accordance with the marriage agreement between them. In 1980 he made a good money after publishing the book "MiG Pilot" which he wrote with writer John Barron. He traveled much as an American citizen and visited 68 countries. Currently he is living in California working in trade business with different countries, including Russia. However, in contacts with Russians he always introduces himself by imaginary names.

The former senior lieutenant does not agree with criticism addressed to him and explain his hijacking action as a protest against the Soviet ideology. Meanwhile in his last interview to a popular American magazine Belenko confessed that most of all in the USA he was impressed by … supermarkets. He told his first visit in a supermarket was watched by CIS people and at that moment he was thinking the store could be staged to impress him as an unusual visitor . The store was in a very beautiful huge building, had many goods and no lines of customers as in the USSR. Later the former pilot understood that the supermarket was real and enjoyed buying a variety of food. "It has always been a hard task in Russia to find tasty tinned goods. But in the USA I bought different tinned foods every day, and they were all very good. Once I bought a tin where was written Dinner and fried its content with potatoes, onions and garlic - it was delicious. Next morning my friends told me that I had eaten tinned chicken for cats. But it was delicious! They were better than tinned foods for people which are produced in Russia even nowadays."

Such a confession demonstrate what kind of FREEDOM a Soviet young man Victor Belenko dreamt of secretly. To made it true he agreed to tolerate the totalitarian regime, and voluntarily joined the army of this regime he hated. He joined the party and pretended to be a Communist, although the party membership was obligatory only for officers higher in rank than him, starting with the rank of major. This is hardly compatible with the image of a man with ideals of freedom, who was supposed to be different from other Soviet citizens who could accept standing in lines for bad tinned foods.

Military intelligence and KGB worked hard researching the version that Viktor was recruited by CIS during his studying in the Academy or a vacation in a Holiday House in summer of 1976. The proof of such recruitment has not been found. Meanwhile, Belenko had a chance to satisfy his love for good food without making a two billion damage to the country where he was born and raised. At a first sight there were no such possibility because only Jews-repatriates could legally leave the USSR at that time. But in fact Belenko had a chance not to reveal the secrets of the newest MiG. He could crash the plane in the hills in a deserted area of Khokkaido and use the parachute to land. For such an action he could find a reasonable explanation - running out of time to find an airport because of fuel shortage.

The striving of the story character for "democratic ideals" can hardly be considered as a true reason of the plane hijacking. This reason can be figured out after recalling the promise to pay 100 thousand dollars to a person who would hijack the newest Russian MiG plane. This promise was made by Americans in the leaflets they distributed at the air bases in the Northern Vietnam. Americans had no other chance to obtain the plane but arranging hijacking of a plane because Russian pilots were strictly forbidden to cross the front line during flying on their assignments. Thousands of Soviet pilots participated in the war in Vietnam which lasted 10 years and Belenko could receive from them the information about the rewarded promised by Americans.

This is all about the sad story of a man who was not a hero...
PS. Victor Belenko was sentenced to a military execution by military collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR for treason (Article 64 of the Criminal Code of the USSR).
Dmitry Korobeinikov
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My take on this: Victor was so fed up with the Soviet system that he even decided to abandon his family (it could be that he wasn't in love with his wife anymore- which isn't unusial) and his being a pilot of then secret interceptor made it a lot easier! I heard from a former AF pilot stationed in the Far East that SAR ops were continuing for 3 days before the search was called off. Even if he crashed his plane in Japan, it still would yeld a lot about its design.
Since then, there was another defection, this time by MiG-29 pilot.

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All these stories confirm that an airplane, no matter how advanced/secret, will eventualy fall into adversaries hands!

http://www.sinodefenceforum.com/showthread.php?t=2504&page=3
 
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BLUEJACKET

Banned Idiot
As I showed in post #51, Taiwan's air and ship-launched Harpoons and their derivatives will pose a significant theat to the PRC. The MiG-31 would be ideal stop-gap measure to deal with it, and could also be adopted for anti-ship & recon. roles- its performance against low flying cruise missiles is better than anything PLAAF/AN has!
 

Scratch

Captain
Bluejacket:
The MiG-31 would be ideal stop-gap measure to deal with it, and could also be adopted for anti-ship & recon.
True, but I don't see a stop-gad need there right now :) Additional there'e probably won't be the mony. Perhaps China might perhaps developed a specialised J-11 for that purpose.
 

wdl1976

New Member
I think the reason why Mig 25/31 development was the response for SR-71, not a response as a spy plane per se. But something that can intercept SR-71.

From the gulf war stories about a Mig 25 was able to outrun a missile.

The question, why there is no development in the direction of faster planes with higher operational ceiling.

I don’t know it may seemed to be an obvious and silly question to some of you but I am just curious about this especially after hearing that Mig 25 outrunning a missile
 

The_Zergling

Junior Member
From the gulf war stories about a Mig 25 was able to outrun a missile.

The question, why there is no development in the direction of faster planes with higher operational ceiling.

I don’t know it may seemed to be an obvious and silly question to some of you but I am just curious about this especially after hearing that Mig 25 outrunning a missile

The MiG-25's top speed (Mach 3) is higher than some missiles, for example the Sidewinder has top speed of around ~Mach 2.5, however the reason why the high and fast strategy was discontinued in the latter stages of the Cold War was because SAMs were simply getting too dangerous. The US XB-70 Valkyrie project, and the Soviet Union Tu-160 were designed for high altitude, high speed penetration into enemy territory, but after a certain point it's just much easier to make better missiles.

Also, a realistic factor to realize is that although the top speed of an aircraft may indeed be Mach 3, it takes time to accelerate to that level as well as an incredible amount of fuel to maintain it. Aircraft rarely stay at top speed as it would decrease their combat radius dramatically, so top speed usefulness should be taken with a grain of salt.
 

BLUEJACKET

Banned Idiot
Bluejacket:
True, but I don't see a stop-gad need there right now :) Additional there'e probably won't be the mony. Perhaps China might perhaps developed a specialised J-11 for that purpose.

They better be prepared for everything, and cruise missiles are hard to deal with. That CM threat is only going to grow. How are they to deal with a salvo of 100+SLCMs opened up from just one Ohio SSGN or a squadron of ROCAF F-16s?
4 MiG-31s can equal a squadron of interceptors thanks to their capabilities, and they can also lead other fighters such as J-7/8/10/11 if those are given data links & other mods. Also, they may be used as a land based cover for the future CBGs (especially in and around choke points) against Harpoons and other ASMs.
If the stop gap is working good, they may produce them themselves as the original intention was (see #1 post)!
 
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