China's Space Program News Thread

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Figaro

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Ce qui semble être le moteur du deuxième étage de la fusée à réaction rapide chinoise Kuaizhou-11.

Translated from French by
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Which seems to be the engine of the second stage of the rocket Chinese quick response Kuaizhou-11.



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Hendrik_2000

Lieutenant General
Interesting China just launch a maritime satellite AIS(Automatic Identification system) to identify 60000 ship sailing in near sea (E China, SCS, bohai) and weather satellite FY 4 that will improve the weather prediction from 6 to 4 hr. Here is Henri K take on the subject

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More than a year after the failure of its CZ-4C launcher that caused the total loss of the military radar satellite GF-10 , Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST) was able to put the new early yesterday morning, the new Chinese weather satellite FY-3D (风云 三号 04 星) in sun-synchronous orbit with the same launcher.

This 12th Chinese space launch of the year took place at the Taiyuan Space Center (TSLC), he also embarked with him a nano maritime satellite HEAD-1 (和 德 一号) from China Head Aerospace Technology Co.

The start
Specializing in Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) launches, such as its twin CZ-4B , the CZ-4C rocket is designed in Shanghai by the SAST Institute, a subsidiary of the Chinese aerospace group CASC. Commissioned in 2006, the CZ-4C has an initial carrying capacity of 2,944kg for an orbit at 700 km altitude, or 2,791kg up to 800 km.

The launcher experienced only one failure in 21 launches, during its 20th flight in September last year to put into orbit a Chinese military satellite. After a series of investigations, SAST decided to make several changes to the rocket Y21 serial number and used for the launch of the FY-3D satellite, as a new YF-40C engine re-ignited twice for the 3rd floor, a greater bandwidth control system, the addition of two onboard surveillance cameras and a new control system to be able to continue to monitor the 3rd floor once separated satellites.

For reasons that are still unknown, this shot has already been postponed at least twice. Initially it was about to make the launch in 2015, then postponed until November 2016. The FY-3D satellite and rocket finally passed their factory exit certification in Shanghai on June 21, 2017, and left both at launch site early July.

It is therefore two years late that the CZ-4C Y21 finally took off from the TSLC space center this Wednesday, November 15 very early in the morning, at precisely 02: 35: 54.570 Beijing time.


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A single message to aircrew (NOTAM) has been issued to signal the presence of a fallout zone, which should be the same as that for the return of the 2nd floor.

A3404 / 17
Q) ZXXX / QRTCA / IV / BO / W / 000/999 / 3010N10920E032
A) ZHWH ZPKM B) 1711141828 C) 1711141853
E) A TEMPORARY RESTRICTED AREA ESTABLISHED bounded
BY: N294034E1093231-N294717E1085606-N304016E1090853-N303329E1094536B
ACK TO START . VERTICAL LIMITS: GND-UNL.
F) GND G) UNL

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It should be noted that China has also deployed one of its space monitoring and control vessels - Yuan Wang 6 (YW-6) - in the Indian Ocean to assume the role of the control relay during the launch mission. .



The FY-3D weather satellite and the AIS satellite HEAD-1
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The FY-3D weather satellite

Like the CZ-4C launcher, the FY-3D weather satellite is also designed in Shanghai at SAST. This 4th satellite of the FY-3 family replaces its predecessor FY-3B , launched in November 2010 with a theoretical life of five years.

Once the tests in orbit are completed, the FY-3D will be networked with the FY-3C, launched in September 2013, and will provide the service called "the orbit of the afternoon." Compared to the latter, the FY-3D has embarked four additional payloads and unpublished on a Chinese weather satellite, namely a hyper-spectral infrared detector, a wide-angle imager for the observation of the aurora borealis, an ionospheric photometer and a hyper-spectral greenhouse gas sounder.

SAST has also upgraded two other instruments on board, the Medium Resolution Spectral Imager (MERSI) and the Data Collection and Distribution System (DCDS).

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The HEAD-1 satellite

According to the latest data released by NORAD, the 2,250 kg satellite entered a 792 km × 812 km × 98.653 ° orbit with a frequency of 100.90 minutes. It joins a family of eight Chinese meteorological satellites currently in orbit (but only six are active), which will be enlarged between 2018 and 2021 with the arrival of four other FY-3 satellites, namely two satellites for the morning cover and in the afternoon, one in twilight orbit and one for low inclination rainfall.

This will improve the accuracy of the Chinese weather forecast by 3%, and increase the update period from 6 hours to 4 hours.

The second passenger enjoying the same flight as the FY-3D, there is a micro maritime satellite 45kg called HEAD-1 belongs to
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. After separation with the CZ-4C launcher it was injected into an orbit of 790 km × 809 km × 98.657 °.

Designed by Shanghai Satellite Engineering Institute, a subsidiary of SAST, HEAD-1 is the first commercial maritime AIS (Automatic Identification System) satellite in China capable of receiving two million messages in 24 hours and identifying nearly 60,000 vessels. The power on board is 82 W and its estimated lifetime to two or three years.

The ground segment of the satellite is located in Shanghai, but the data is sent to Beijing at China Head Aerospace Technology headquarters for analysis.



Statistics
The launch of the FY-3D satellite and HEAD-1 is China's 12th space launch in 2017, the 21ᵉ for the CZ-4C launcher, and the 254ᵉ of the Long March launchers family.

For now, the Long March rockets of the group CASC total 243 successes and 11 failures, a success rate of 95.67%.

Here is the chart tracking all Chinese space launches since the first in 1970, including those not performed by Long March launchers -

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Chinese Space Launches Tracking Chart - Date: 2017-11-15

Henri K.

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Hendrik_2000

Lieutenant General
The new Chinese launcher CZ-6 successfully flew its second flight today at 04:50 UTC, placing three Jilin-1-04 to 06 satellite satellites in orbit.
Now this is interesting this satellite can track in real time with future revisit rate of 30 minutes by 2020 with 60 satellite in orbit
From Henri K blog and NASA website
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China launched three commercial remote sensing satellites to be used for high definition video in what is known as the Jilin-1 constellation. The launch took place at 04:50 UTC on Tuesday from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center’s LC16 Launch Complex using the Long March-6 (Chang Zheng-6) launch vehicle.

Chinese launch:

The Jilin-1 constellation was developed in China’s Jilin Province and is the country’s first self-developed remote sensing satellite for commercial use.

Jilin-1 consists of several satellites that will provide data to commercial clients to help them forecast and mitigate geological disasters, as well as shorten the timescale for the exploration of natural resources.

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Jilin, one of the country’s oldest industrial bases, is developing its satellite industry in a new economic drive. The province plans to launch 60 satellites by 2020 and 138 by 2030.

The first phase of the constellation saw the launch of the first three Jilin-1 satellites (that are also known as Lingqiao-1).
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out of the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, while
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.

Between 2018 and 2019 there are plans to have 16 satellites in orbit, completing a remote sensing network that will cover the entire globe and will be capable of a three to four hours update in the data provided.

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From 2020, the plans point to a 60 satellites orbital constellation capable of a 30 minutes update in the data provided.

From 2030, the Jilin constellation will have 138 satellites in orbit, forming an all-day, all-weather, full spectrum acquisition segment data and a capability of observing any global arbitrary point with a 10 minutes revisit capability, providing the world’s highest spatial resolution and time resolution space information products.

The Jilin-1 remote sensing satellites are designed to capture videos with a ground resolution better than 1.0 meters and with a swath of 11 km × 4.5 km. The operational lifespan of the satellites is 3 years. The launch mass is 95 kg.

Launch vehicle and launch site:

The CZ-6 Chang Zheng-6 is a liquid-propellant, small-load space launch vehicle developed by Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST).

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The launch vehicle is based on the 3.35m-diameter boosters, which have been developed as a strap-on booster for the CZ-5 family of SLV.

The core stage consists of a single 120t-thrust YF-100 engine that burns oxygen and kerosene (LOX/Kerosene) propellant, which causes less pollution compared to the UDMH/N2O4 (nitrogen tetroxide) propellant currently in use.

The Long March-6 is designed for small-load launch missions, with a sun-synchronous orbit (700km SSO) capability of 1,080 kg.

In September 2009, the Chang Zheng-6 launch vehicle development program was officially approved by the Chinese Government and the first flight was expected to take place in 2013. SAST was tasked with the development of the new launch vehicle in July 2008.

Overall length is 29.237 m with a total mass at liftoff of 103,217 kg. Dry mass of the three stages combined is 9,020 kg. Fairing diameter is 2.25 m / 2.6 m, and the vehicle is capable of launching a payload of 1,080 kg to a 700 km SSO orbit (500 kg if only Chinese tracking stations are used).

See Also
The first stage has a 3.35 meter diameter and is equipped with a single YF-100 engine, consuming 76,000 kg of kerosene RP-1/LOX. The YF-100 engine is capable of a ground thrust of 1,177 kN and a ground specific impulse of 2.9 km/s. Burn time is 155 seconds. The first stage uses four 1000 N thrusters for roll control.

The second stage has 2.25 meter diameter and consumes 15,150 kg of kerosene RP-1/LOX. It is equipped with a YF-115 developing 147.1 kN (sea level) or 176.5 kN (vacuum), with a vacuum specific impulse of 3.35 km/s. The second stage uses four 25 N thrusters for roll control.

The third stage is equipped with four engines with 4 kN (each), along with eight 100 N thrusters for attitude control. The engines are powered by a mixture of kerosene and hydrogen peroxide.
 

Hendrik_2000

Lieutenant General
As was the case in previous launches of the Yaogan Weixing series, analysts believe this class of satellites is used for military purposes.part of surveillance and tracking system for ASBM

Long March 2C launches Yaogan Weixing-30-02 trio
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November 24, 2017 by Rui C. Barbosa
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Continuing its frenetic launch activity for the end of the year, China conducted another secretive launch from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Sichuan province. The Yaogan Weixing-30-02 mission – involving three satellites – was launched by a Long March-2C launch vehicle at 18:10 UTC on Friday from the LC3 Launch Complex.


Yaogan-30-02 Launch:

As is usual for the Chinese media, this mission once again classed as involving new remote sensing birds that will be used to “conduct electromagnetic probes and other experiments.”

As was the case in previous launches of the Yaogan Weixing series, analysts believe this class of satellites is used for military purposes.

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Working with the former Soviet Union (and in a smaller scale with Russia) ‘Cosmos’ designation, the ‘Yaogan’ name is used to hide the true military nature of the vehicles orbited.

Like the previous Yaogan-30-01 triplet – launched on September 29, 2017 – the three Yaogan-30-02 are probably SIGINT satellites. The new satellites are developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The Yaogan-30-01 mission was inserted into a Sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 595 by 604 kilometers with a 35 degrees orbital inclination, so its expected that the orbits of the second Yaogan-30 satellite group will be similar.

The launch of triplets mission is not new for China. Previously there were various missions with three satellites launch on a singular carrier rocket in missions similar to the Naval Ocean Surveillance System (NOSS) operated by the United States.

The missions were carried out by the Yaogan 9, 16, 17, 20, 25 triplet satellites launched by Long March-4C launch vehicles from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It is believed that there are the Jianbing-8 military satellites operating in orbits with 1100 x 1100km, 63°.

Launch Vehicle and Launch Site:

The Chang Zheng 2C (Long March 2C) is a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) launch vehicle derived from DF-5 ICBM.

It can be launched from either the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center or the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center, with some launched also taking place from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center.

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The previous orbital launch from Xichang using a Long March-2C launch vehicle took place on November 18, 2004, when the Long March-2C (Y15) orbited the Shiyan-2 Earth observation satellite.

The launch vehicle has three configurations. The basic two stage Long March-2C and the Long March-2C/SMA and the Long March-2C/SM, using upper stages.

The rocket is a two stage hypergolic launch vehicle with a total length of 35.15 meters, a diameter of 3.35 meters and a total mass of 192,000 kg. The first stage is equipped with four YF-20A engines. It has a length of 20.52 meters and a burn time of 122 seconds.

The second stage is equipped with one YF-22A engine and has a length of 7.50 meters with a burn time of 130 seconds.

The Xichang Satellite Launch Centre is situated in the Sichuan Province, south-western China and is the country’s launch site for geosynchronous orbital launches.

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Equipped with two launch pads (LC2 and LC3), the center has a dedicated railway and highway lead directly to the launch site. The Command and Control Centre is located seven kilometers south-west of the launch pad, providing flight and safety control during launch rehearsal and launch.

Downrange Tracking and Control stations of the launch center are located in Xichang City and Yibin City of Sichuan Province, and Guiyang City of Guizhou Province. Each of them houses tracking and measurement equipment for the powered phase of a launch vehicle flight.

Other facilities on the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre are the Launch Control Centre, propellant fuelling systems, communications systems for launch command, telephone and data communications for users, and support equipment for meteorological monitoring and forecasting.

During 1993-1994 Xichang underwent extensive modernization and expansion, in part due to the requirements of the CZ-3 launcher family and in part to meet commercial customer needs.

The first launch from Xichang took place at 12:25 UTC on January 29, 1984, when the Long March (Y1) was launched the Shiyan Weixing (14670 1984-008A) communications satellite into orbit.
 
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