Chinese Economics Thread

A.Man

Major
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December 01, 2015

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Three firms - CRG's China Railway International Group, a subsidiary of national operator China Railway Corporation and the Hungarian State Railways - will form a consortium to construct the 160 kilometre route, CRG said in a statement on Wednesday.

The railway, which will be 350 kilometres long with the Serbian portion, will be completed in two years and will be able to accommodate trains travelling up to 200 kilometres per hour, it said. The Chinese firms will account for 85 percent of the consortium, it said, without providing further details.

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will start in Budapest, via Belgrade and Skopje to Athens. The Budapest-Belgrade railway will be finished in two years. Planned speed is 160 km/h between Budapest and Belgrade, current line between Thessaloniki and Athens is 200 km/h with upgrades to 250 km/h ongoing.

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concession to upgrade and run two container cargo piers -- into a regional hub for trade with Europe.

China sees the region, comprising some of the EU's newest members and others in the Western Balkans that are trying to join the bloc, as a potentially lucrative market and bridgehead to the wider EU, drawn by relatively low wages, educated workforces and scope for development on the EU's fringes.

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SamuraiBlue

Captain
it's a quid pro quo where these policy banks are pretty much divided up where the Euros run the IMF hence a Euro is always the managing director, the american's run the world bank, the ADB is run by the japanese and of course they all hold shares in each other. This is the status quo and that's why there is a difference i see the Euros wanting to work with the Chinese and the US/Japan sees this as a threat to their dominance. China's the new player in the global heavyweight economic club, some old members of this club see a good chance to collaborate/cooperate and some see it as a threat to their comfortable status quo and wish to contain the new guy.

This might give you a better prospective.

IMF to add China's yuan to currency basket from October 2016

WASHINGTON — The International Monetary Fund welcomed China’s yuan into its elite reserve currency basket on Monday, recognizing the ascendance of the Asian power in the global economy.

The yuan, also known as the renminbi, will join the U.S. dollar, euro, Japanese yen and British pound in October next year in the basket of currencies the IMF uses as an international reserve asset.

IMF Managing Director Christine Lagarde called the decision “an important milestone in the integration of the Chinese economy into the global financial system.”...........

The inclusion of the yuan came with the support of the United States, the IMF’s largest shareholder.

Until recently Washington accused China of keeping the yuan artificially low to gain a trade advantage. But in October the US Treasury Department softened its tone, saying that after Beijing’s moves to loosen controls, the yuan “remains below its appropriate medium-term valuation.”...... to read more
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.

The collective share of EU doesn't go beyond 20% where as the amount of shares of US and Japan combined is more than 24%.
 
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janjak desalin

Junior Member
Trying a better-formatted post of my recommendations for the expansion of the SDR Basket. My criteria for inclusion, based on % of world GDP, were ≥ ~3% for the first expansion, ≥ ~2% for the second expansion, and ≥ ~1% for the third expansion and any subsequent to it. Over the course of these expansions, the SDR Basket increases in inclusiveness from four to sixteen currencies and from ~73 to ~84 % of the world GDP. Talk about democratization!!!
It didn't work!
 
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Equation

Lieutenant General
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JOHANNESBURG (AP) — China's president pledged $60 billion to development in Africa on Friday, as part of what Chinese and African leaders have called "win-win cooperation."
President Xi Jinping made the announcement to rousing applause from an audience that included South Africa's President Jacob Zuma, Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari, Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta and African Union Commission Chairwoman Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma.

Speaking at the Forum on China Africa Cooperation in South Africa, Xi outlined 10 areas that will receive funding including infrastructure projects, aid for drought-stricken countries and thousands of scholarships for African students. The Chinese government will also cancel outstanding debts for Africa's least developed countries in the form of zero interest loans that mature at the end of 2015, he said.

Xi also promised to provide assistance to help upgrade African health care facilities, train hundreds of journalists and provide satellite reception in 10,000 African villages.

China has the world's largest foreign currency reserves at $3.514 trillion. State owned banks have often looked to developing countries for investment opportunities.

The $60 billion pledge is three times as much as the package promised at the last China Africa cooperation summit in 2012, said economist Aubrey Hruby. With China's recent economic woes, the Washington D.C.-based economist was expecting a more modest fund.

Hruby added the package is likely to be distributed through numerous state-owned agencies and it will be difficult to track the funding's successes or failures.

"There's not a lot of transparency in how it's broken down," she said.

As with pledges from previous summits, the funding will be distributed over the next three years, she added.

At the last summit in Beijing, China pledged to provide a $20 billion credit line to African countries for development projects and boosted the China Africa development fund by $5 billion, as it has this year.
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Equation

Lieutenant General
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China Creates a World Bank of Its Own, and the U.S. Balks
In setting up the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, China enlisted American allies, including Britain, even as Washington expressed skepticism.

But the administration suffered a humiliating diplomatic defeat last spring when most of its closest allies signed up for the bank, including Britain, Germany, Australia and South Korea. Altogether
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, leaving the United States and Japan on the outside.

The calculation for joining is simple. China, with its vast wealth and resources, now rivals the United States at the global economic table. That was confirmed this week when the
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as one of the world’s elite currencies, alongside the dollar, euro, pound and yen.

Countries are finding they must increasingly operate in China’s orbit. And backing the new bank would bring financial advantages, as well as curry favor with Beijing. While many countries had similar doubts as the United States, they figured they could just shape the organization from the inside.

The new bank “is an instrument for China to lend legitimacy to its international forays and to extend its sphere of economic and political influence even while changing the rules of the game,” said Eswar Prasad, former head of the China division at the
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and a professor at Cornell University. “And it gives the existing institutions a kick in the pants.”

The Chinese-led institution, the
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, is now in the process of picking its first projects. The choices, expected to be announced in coming months, will provide insight into how China plans to wield its power.

Either China is serious about taking a leadership role in the global economy and prioritizing projects that broadly benefit Asia, or it plans to use the bank as a conduit to further its own ambitions.

So far, China appears to be navigating the two extremes. It is assuaging critics by compromising on issues like board makeup, project oversight and procurement. But China is hardly yielding control, raising concerns about where the bank will land on issues like climate change and labor rights. The bank, for example, is still weighing whether to approve coal-fired power plants.

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China is taking direct aim at the current development regime, the
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system established under the leadership of the United States after World War II to help stabilize currencies and promote growth.

Photo
SUB-CHINABANK-master180.jpg

President Xi Jinping wants to expand Beijing’s global role.CreditStephane De Sakutin/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
Beijing officials say they want to take a faster approach than their counterparts at the
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, the International Monetary Fund and the Asian Development Bank. The new bank, China promises, will not be bogged down in oversight.

It's a pretty long article but you can read the rest here:
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