News on China's scientific and technological development.

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Brigadier
New Device Detects Flammable Liquids on Buses

May 11, 2015

Scientists and technicians in Hefei, capital of East China's Anhui province, have invented a device to effectively detect flammable and volatile liquids on buses.

The special sensor, which is made up of a terminal and some sensors, will sound an alarm once the density of flammable and volatile matter reaches 50 ppb, namely, 50 microgram per liter.

"That is to say, as long as there is any flammable and volatile particles on the bus, the device is able to detect it," said Guo Yukun, deputy director of the Special Sensor R&D Center at the Institute of Advanced Technology, established by the Hefei-based University of Science and Technology of China.

The sensors, which are installed in such covert areas as under the seats, will report to the terminal beside the bus driver if any abnormalities are detected.

The sensors are located in the front, the middle and the back of the buses.

It is believed that the device will make a big difference in curbing arson on buses.

In February, during the Spring Festival, the Hefei Bus Group introduced the devices to five of its buses.

"After more than two months' trial, the devices have met our expectations," said Guo, who said the R&D center has interviewed the drivers using the devices and got satisfying feedback.

One of the examples is how the device works to detect strong liquor. "A passenger got on the bus with half a bottle of strong liquor in his luggage. The cap was not tightly fixed, but the liquid did not splash out of the bottle.A human's nose is not able to detect the liquor in such a circumstance, but the sensors did", said Guo.

The cost of the devices may vary, depending on how long the bus is. Guo said one of the pilot buses is 12 meters long and it cost about 8000 yuan ($1289) to install the devices.

After the month-long trial, the company is now planning to install the devices on more of its vehicles.

The R&D center was established jointly by Anhui Military Industry Group, the State Key Laboratory of Fire Science of China, based in the University of Science and Technology of China, and the Institute of Solid State Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Based on the center, Anhui Xinhe Defense Equipment Technology Co., Ltd. was also founded in 2014.

In recent years, deadly arson on buses has been reported from time to time, with some leading to disasters.

In June 2009, a man used gasoline to set fire to a bus in Chengdu city of Sichuan province, causing 27 people to die. In June 2013, another man killed 46 bus passengers in Xiamen city of Fujian province in a similar crime. In July 2014, a bus in Hangzhou city of Zhejiang province was also set on fire by a local man with gasoline, leaving more than 30 people injured.

"The technology can also be used in refrigerators to detect how fresh the food inside is," said Guo. (China Daily)
 

Equation

Lieutenant General
China developing fast reactors that will be cheaper than coal
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China will develop its own commercial scale fast reactor in 2023 with a more advanced version in 2030. They will then scale up production as part of a build up to around 400 gigawatts of nuclear power by 2050. This would be four times more than the nuclear power currently in the USA.

China will build a lot more hydro power, wind power and solar power but there are limitations based on running out of rivers to dam and how much solar and wind can be integrated into the electrical grid.

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Conditions to Deploy Fast Reactors

• The scale of PWR is large enough which could provide initial fuel loading and refueling fuel to FR
• Uranium becomes expensive enough.
• Safety level has been validate and could be built at inland site.
• Cost is lower than coal power plant.

• China Nuclear Phase 1:
– Reprocessing plant of PWR spent fuel (provide Pu to FR).
– MOX fuel plant
– Breeding FR (BR≈1.2)
– Reprocessing plant of FR spent fuel

• China Nuclear Phase 2:
– Metal fuel plant
– Pyroprocessing plant
– High breeding FR with metal fuel (BR>1.2) while the nuclear grow fast, and
– Low breeding ratio (BR≈1) while nuclear energy maintain a fixed level.

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Colonel
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Chinese R&D team rolls out bio-engineered cornea
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2015-05-23 15:57:42
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BEIJING, May 23 (Xinhua) -- A Chinese team unveiled a new product of bio-engineered cornea on Saturday, which is expected to help millions of people suffering from corneal blindness to see again.

The Acornea, an acellular corneal stroma product developed mainly by China Regenerative Medicine Int. Ltd. (CRMI) and the Tissue Engineering R & D Center with the Fourth Military Medical University (FMMU), is the result of decades of research. It was accredited with due qualification by China Food and Drug Administration in late April.

The product, a kind of heterogeneous cornea, is devoid of cells, hybrid proteins, poly-saccharides and other antigens, but retains a natural collagen structure with remarkable bio-compatibility and biological safety, according to Jin Yan, head of the Tissue Engineering R & D Center with FMMU.

"It can quickly integrate with the surrounding tissue, and promote its own cells to be rebuilt. The transplanted cornea will gradually become transparent, thus, recovering the patient's vision," Jin added.

The Acornea has complete independent intellectual property rights and has been industrialized, which is a significant step for China in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, according to Guan Guoliang from CRMI.

Existing treatment for corneal blindness includes transplants and artificial corneas. Some heterogeneous materials, such as glass and silica gel, made with synthetic material are often rejected by the body.

Beijing Tongren Hospital and Wuhan Xiehe Hospital, among others, have conducted clinical trials of Acornea since 2010, recording a success rate of 94.44 percent, similar to the results seen with donated human corneas.

According to the World Health Organization, there are about eight million blind patients in China. However, only about 5,000 of those receive donated corneas annually.

 

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China's new Alzheimer's disease drug applies for clinical tests
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2015-05-24 16:44:31
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GUANGZHOU, May 24 (Xinhua) -- China will begin clinical tests on a new drug for Alzheimer's disease (AD), after animal tests showed positive results.

AD16, developed by Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has proven effective in improving the memory and cognitive abilities of guinea pigs, Hu Wenhui, head of the development team, told Xinhua on Sunday.

Hu said AD16 functions as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent and can alleviate damage caused by amyloid beta protein on neurons, thus, slowing the disease's progression.

Alzheimer's affects tens of millions of elderly people worldwide, yet there is no effective cure. The cause of the disease is poorly understood, although scientists have linked it to a build-up of the amyloid beta protein in brains.
 

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Colonel
Chinese scientists develop world's 1st oral HDAC inhibitor
134262771_14323051143951n.jpg


Lu Xianping works in a lab at Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd. in Shenzhen, south China's Guangdong Province, May 20, 2015. Lu Xianping, together with other four returned overseas scientists, spent 14 years to develop Chidamide, the world's first oral HDAC inhibitor, which was given regulatory approval in January. (Xinhua/Mao Siqian)

HBI-8000 (chidamide) is a member of the benzamide class of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors designed to block the catalytic pocket of Class I HDACs. HBI-8000 is an orally bioavailable, low-nanomolar inhibitor of cancer-associated HDAC enzymes with favorable pharmacology and safety profiles. HBI-8000 inhibits cancer-associated Class I HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, as well as Class IIb HDAC10 at nanomolar concentrations and stimulates accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4 in tumor cells. Studies with human-derived tumor cell lines have demonstrated that HBI-8000 inhibits the growth of many tumor cell lines via multiple mechanisms of action, including epigenetic regulation of tumor cell growth and apoptosis, immunomodulatory effects such as activation of NK- and CD8 T-cell-mediated antitumor activity, as well as repression of genes associated with drug resistance. To date, HBI-8000 has been dosed globally in more than 280 patients with various types of hematological and solid tumors in several clinical trials, including a Phase 1 trial completed in the U.S.

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Equation

Lieutenant General
Chinese scientists develop world's 1st oral HDAC inhibitor
134262771_14323051143951n.jpg


Lu Xianping works in a lab at Shenzhen Chipscreen Biosciences Ltd. in Shenzhen, south China's Guangdong Province, May 20, 2015. Lu Xianping, together with other four returned overseas scientists, spent 14 years to develop Chidamide, the world's first oral HDAC inhibitor, which was given regulatory approval in January. (Xinhua/Mao Siqian)

HBI-8000 (chidamide) is a member of the benzamide class of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors designed to block the catalytic pocket of Class I HDACs. HBI-8000 is an orally bioavailable, low-nanomolar inhibitor of cancer-associated HDAC enzymes with favorable pharmacology and safety profiles. HBI-8000 inhibits cancer-associated Class I HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, as well as Class IIb HDAC10 at nanomolar concentrations and stimulates accumulation of acetylated histones H3 and H4 in tumor cells. Studies with human-derived tumor cell lines have demonstrated that HBI-8000 inhibits the growth of many tumor cell lines via multiple mechanisms of action, including epigenetic regulation of tumor cell growth and apoptosis, immunomodulatory effects such as activation of NK- and CD8 T-cell-mediated antitumor activity, as well as repression of genes associated with drug resistance. To date, HBI-8000 has been dosed globally in more than 280 patients with various types of hematological and solid tumors in several clinical trials, including a Phase 1 trial completed in the U.S.

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I saw this on CCTV last week and it's pretty interesting work they did.
 

Quickie

Colonel
This posting explains it in easier layman terms and seems to be from the CCTV news program you mentioned.

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added
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·

World’s first oral HDAC inhibitor developed in China

A Shengzhen-based pharmaceutical company has begun selling a new
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which was developed exclusively in
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. Seen as a major breakthrough in Chinese medical research, chidamide is an oral medication that can help slow or stop the spread of a rare form of lymph node cancer.

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, also known as the world’s first oral HDAC (histone deacetylase) inhibitor, is the first drug of its kind to be developed from start to finish in China.

The drug is not only aimed at lymph node cancer, but also has the potential to fight against drug resistance and tumor recurrence, according to its developer, Dr. Lu Xianping.

Lu is the CEO and co-founder of the biotech company, Chipscreen Bioscience, and is the man behind 14 years of research into chidamide. Lu left his job as director of research at pharmaceutical company Galderma R&D in Princeton, N.J., and returned to China to launch the company in his native China.

“The idea is very simple. It’s to change the status quo of the self-developed
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here in China,” he said, adding that “although China has more than 7,000 medical manufacturers, there is a lack of research and production of self-developed medicine”.

The
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underwent numerous clinical trials before gaining approval to go on the market.

"We needed to screen out the targets of 18 enzymes from 2000 compounds. The process requires roughly 360,000 pieces of separate data, and we had to repeat the process incessantly and make revisions accordingly," he said.

China maintains the medicine’s entire intellectual property and Chipscreen Bioscience’s self-developed drug will be allowed to be sold internationally.

The cost of chidamide for consumers is about 26,000 yuan a month, which is about 1/10 of what patients would pay in the US for some of the newest cancer medicines, but still unattainable for many low-income families in China.
 

solarz

Brigadier
The cost of chidamide for consumers is about 26,000 yuan a month, which is about 1/10 of what patients would pay in the US for some of the newest cancer medicines, but still unattainable for many low-income families in China.

Low income? Try anyone but the wealthy. Average salary for a professional in a Tier-2 city is only 6000 yuan a month. Tier 1 cities have higher salary, but also face higher living cost, so their available income might be even less than the Tier-2 city professional...
 
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