USS Missouri, BB-63, & Iowa Class Battleships

Janiz

Senior Member
So here's a great story behind the photo of Kamikaze pilot hitting the Mighty Mo:

Japanese kamikaze pilot

A man sits alone with his thoughts in his one-man, bomb-carrying aircraft on April 11, 1945. He has said goodbye to his family and friends through farewell letters and poems and he has left behind the life he once lived. He sits wedged between 550-pound bombs and prepares to take off, knowing he will never land safely again. Motivated by obligation and loyalty, he is about to give his life for his country. He is a
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whose mission is to fly his aircraft to his death into the USS Missouri during the battle of Okinawa in World War II.

The tell-all tour

On Sept. 22, 2010 Pearl Harbor volunteer and
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expert Rich Costick led University of Hawaii’s journalism students on a special VIP tour of the Iowa-class battleship, the USS Missouri. As he tells the stories of the ship’s memorable past, we walk the deck, thinking back to what it must have been like on board.

He tells us of the historical moment that Japan’s surrender to the Allied Forces document was signed on board the Mighty Mo on Sept. 2, 1945, ending WWII. We even learn how they loaded the 67-foot, 116-ton guns that could fire a 2,700-pound shell 23 miles in 50 seconds.

A story to remember

One story, in particular, that caught my attention was that of the Tokkotai (an abbreviation for “Special Attack Unit”) pilots, also known to Americans as “Kamikaze.” I read the information boards on the deck of the ship and stood in awe looking at the pictures of the Japanese
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dive-bombing into the side of the USS Missouri. The famous picture was taken by the ship’s baker, Seamen Len Schmidt.

The incident occurred 10 days into the battle of Okinawa. The pilot, believed to be 19-year-old Setsuo Ishino, took off with 15 other pilots from their base at Kanoya. At noon, the USS Missouri is northeast of Okinawa and air defense is sounded as the “Zeke” is spotted on radar 7,500 yards out. The Zeke loses altitude rapidly as Mighty Mo’s anti-aircraft fire hits. Miraculously, the pilot regains altitude and speeds through the gunfire, managing to strike the side of Mighty Mo. Fire erupts and debris is sent flying on deck. After the attack, the crew clears the deck of the aircraft’s remains and discovers the pilot’s body among the wreckage.

As Mighty Mo’s seamen were about to wash the enemy body overboard, Captain William M. Callaghan, Missouri’s commanding officer, orders the ship’s medical team to prepare the body for a burial at sea.

The body was draped with a Japanese flag sewn by Missouri crew and carried on deck. The crew gathered and offered a hand salute as the Marine rifles aim their weapons skyward to render a salute over the pilot’s remains. Senior Chaplain, Commander Roland Faulk, concludes the ceremony by saying, “We command his body to the deep,” and his body is dropped into the ocean.

Humanity, equality, honor

This ceremony holds an important significance in our history because of the respect and honor given to the enemy by the Americans amidst a raging war. Costick explains Captain Callaghan’s admirable dignity and honor. Costick tells us that he “looked at it as..this man is serving in his military the same as any of us are, he’s just doing his job. And he’s performed with honor and paid the ultimate price. He deserves to be treated like a warrior. The fact that the ceremony was held and that this man was treated this way showed a lot of compassion on the part of Callaghan.”

I try to imagine what it must have been like for 19-year-old Ishino’s family at the time. To find out their son received the respect and honor from the American enemy must have been life-changing news for them. He was treated as if he was an American soldier, dying for his country.

Kamikaze attack on USS Missouri: The last bit of information I read before moving on with our tour was, “On April 11, 2001, family members of three Japanese pilots as well as the family of former commanding officer Captain William M Callaghan gathered aboard Missouri to honor the courage and compassion in recognizing our common humanity …even in the midst of war.” This inspiring story restores our faith in humanity and the pure goodness that exists in some people’s hearts.

Source:
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A great example that war at sea isn't only about warships which fight but about those who serve their country with dignity. Brother of Captain William M Callaghan, Daniel J Callaghan, died earlier during the battle off Savo Island as commander of Task Group 67.4...
 
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Jeff Head

General
Registered Member
Captain Callaghan's actions at the time were criticized by some...and that too is easy to understand. Many people on that ship (including the Captain himself) had lost loved ones to the Japanese. And, there was a HUGE cultural divide between the Janese and the Americans at the time, which led to a lot of very hard and harsh feelings on both sides.

But Captain Callaghan stuck to his guns and gave the dead enemy pilot an honorable burial at sea.

The Captain showed himself an honorable person who was able to see beyond his own loss...not to have any sort of compromise with the enemy or any softness towards carrying out his war orders against them. He was 110% true blue American and a fighter himself, who would have immediately ordered the dispatch/destruction of any threat against his vessel, the other vessels in his charge, or the interests of the United States. HE just did not let emotion, and anger, and hate taint his honor or actions either.

Now, another important point in this story in this...no American was killed by this attack. No major damage occurred that debilitated the Missouri in any way. The injuries that did occur were minor.

If the Zeke's 500 lb. bomb had exploded above the armor plate (it did not explode at all) and if 100+ Americans had been killed and many injured...IMHO, I do not believe the outcome would have been the same. Not because the Captain would have been dishonorable or filled with hate...he simply would have been too busy tending to the deaths and major injuries aboard his ship, and any major damage to it, to take the time for such a burial for the pilot.
 
every time I read about "the selection process" of 16"/50 guns for the Iowa-class (Mk 2 versus Mk 7), I almost facepalm :) why? according to Campbell, p. 116 (I have to retype it -- sorry if I mistype)
Unfortunately the Mk 2 needed a barbette of at least 39ft (11.9m) internal diameter, and the Bureau of Ordnance worked on this size, while the Bureau of Construction and Repair failed to appreciate it, and designed the ships for 37ft3in (11.35m) barbette, which was a tight fit for the new gun. It was five months before this discrepancy was realised, and the only solution was to abandon the Mk 2.
but, as they say, All Is Well That Ends Well :) and (now according to wiki):
A complete scrapping of plans was only avoided when designers within the Bureau of Ordnance were able to design a new 50-caliber gun, the
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, that was both lighter and smaller in outside diameter; this allowed it to be placed in a turret that would fit in the smaller barbette.

It's well known the Mk 7 had (or has? :) been an excellent Heavy Naval Gun, the Mk 2 wasn't bad! While bigger (30 thousand in^3 chamber versus 27 thousand for Mk 2 etc.), it could fire up to 45140 yards ... but "just" the 2240 lb shells (42345 yards / 2700 lb in the case of Mk 7)
 
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no comment needed :)
gpkl19nuxwsdr0mucosr.jpg
 

Richard Santos

Captain
Registered Member
every time I read about "the selection process" of 16"/50 guns for the Iowa-class (Mk 2 versus Mk 7), I almost facepalm :) why? according to Campbell, p. 116 (I have to retype it -- sorry if I mistype)
but, as they say, All Is Well That Ends Well :) and (now according to wiki):

It's well known the Mk 7 had (or has? :) been an excellent Heavy Naval Gun, the Mk 2 wasn't bad! While bigger (30 thousand in^3 chamber versus 27 thousand for Mk 2 etc.), it could fire up to 45140 yards ... but "just" the 2240 lb shells (42345 yards / 2700 lb in the case of Mk 7)


The ballistic peorperty of the Mk7 and Mk2 were essentially identical. Mk2 gun could also fire 2700 lbs APC. The limiting factor in what shell the gun could fire was the hoist and shell handling equipment, not the gun barrel itself and breach mechanism. So if fitted to iowa, mk2 would undoubtedly be given the hoists and handling equipment for the 2700 lbs APC shell. The main difference between Mk2 and MK7 was the construction of the barrel. The Mk7 gun had a much lighter barrel construction.
 
welcome to the SDF, Richard Santos :)
as to your post
The ballistic peorperty of the Mk7 and Mk2 were essentially identical. Mk2 gun could also fire 2700 lbs APC. The limiting factor in what shell the gun could fire was the hoist and shell handling equipment, not the gun barrel itself and breach mechanism. So if fitted to iowa, mk2 would undoubtedly be given the hoists and handling equipment for the 2700 lbs APC shell. The main difference between Mk2 and MK7 was the construction of the barrel. The Mk7 gun had a much lighter barrel construction.
can you provide a source, or it's your personal opinion? am giving you Like anyway :)

P.S. while checking p. 116 of Campbell's book, I noticed the Army M1919 version of Mk 2, "a ponderous weapon of higher performance": max. range 44930 m (thus increased by almost 5 km); shell 100 pounds heavier; much more of propellant charge; etc. But just three of them.
 

strehl

Junior Member
Registered Member
welcome to the SDF, Richard Santos :)
as to your post

can you provide a source, or it's your personal opinion? am giving you Like anyway :)

P.S. while checking p. 116 of Campbell's book, I noticed the Army M1919 version of Mk 2, "a ponderous weapon of higher performance": max. range 44930 m (thus increased by almost 5 km); shell 100 pounds heavier; much more of propellant charge; etc. But just three of them.


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bDeCTCo.png


This 27 inch thick armor plate was taken from Kure naval yard and tested against a 16 inch gun with the results as shown. The plate now resides at the Naval Museum in Washington DC.
 
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This 27 inch thick armor plate was taken from Kure naval yard and tested against a 16 inch gun with the results as shown. ...

knowing the thickest part of the Yamato armor was 26", I found the 27" figure odd :) so I used google, located:
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which says
the plate was shipped to the US Naval Proving Ground in Dahlgren, Virginia and in tests, was shot at by a 16-inch/50cal armor-piercing round.
so I tried to look for details ... I found mostly bragging, but also:
Therefore, these plates are the only warship armor plates that could not be completely penetrated by ANY gun ever put on a warship when installed leaning back at 45°, as they were in the actual turrets!!!
in
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strehl, it seems the armor was holed only because during the two tests it was NOT significantly tilted from the normal ...
 

strehl

Junior Member
Registered Member
knowing the thickest part of the Yamato armor was 26", I found the 27" figure odd :) so I used google, located:
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which says
so I tried to look for details ... I found mostly bragging, but also:

in
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strehl, it seems the armor was holed only because during the two tests it was NOT significantly tilted from the normal ...


The placque next to the display has this text:

This 26-inch armor plate was intended for use in Japanese YAMATO class battleships. Found in the Kure Naval Base shortly after the end of World War II, it was shipped to
the Naval Proving Ground at Dahlgren, Virginia, for ballistics tests. The damage to this particular section was inflicted by the impact of a standard US Navy 16-inch armor piercing
projectile.

Here is another picture of it. It is hard to scale the picture so I can't tell if the plate is 26 inches thick at normal incidence (to my eyes it seems to be). If this plate were inclined 45 degrees that would make it 37 inches thick.


3HLhiva.jpg



Either way, to me it means that armor protection is not able to prevent catastrophic damage and that active defense (intercepting incoming rounds) would be preferable. The advent of active protection systems for tanks is a manifestation of this.
 
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