Iran to buy Tor-M1 SAM system

crazyinsane105

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Iran buys Russian surface to air missiles: paper
Fri Dec 2, 2005 2:55 AM ET

MOSCOW (Reuters) - Iran has signed a deal to buy Russian tactical surface-to-air missile systems, a Russian newspaper reported on Friday.

Iran is to buy 29 TOR-M1 systems, designed to bring down aircraft and guided missiles at low altitudes, said the Vedomosti daily, citing Russian defense sources close the deal.

The deal is the biggest sale of Russian defense hardware to Iran for about 5 years, the newspaper said. It did not say how much the order was worth.

Defense industry officials could not immediately be reached for comment.

Tehran is under intense international pressure after failing to convince the United States and others its nuclear scientists are working on fuel for power stations rather than bombs.

Russia is helping Iran build a nuclear power station at Bushehr.



9K331 Tor
SA-15 GAUNTLET
SA-N-9
HQ-17

The 9K331 Tor [SA-15 GAUNTLET land-based, SA-N-9 naval version] low-to-medium altitude SAM system is capable of engaging not only aircraft and helicopters but also RPVs, precision-guided weapons and various types of guided missiles. The HQ-17 is a copy of Tor-M1, that China will use it to replace the aging HQ-61 SAMs, will enter service around the year 2005. Although it is an autonomous system it can be interfaced into an integrated air defense network. SA-15b is designed to be a completely autonomous air defense system (at division level), capable of surveillance, command and control, missile launch and guidance functions from a single vehicle. The basic combat formation is the firing battery consisting of four TLARs and the Rangir battery command post. The TLAR carries eight ready missiles stored in two containers holding four missiles each. The SA-15b has the capability to automatically track and destroy 2 targets simultaneously in any weather and at any time of the day.

The single stage solid propellant missile has a maximum speed of 850 m/s and is fitted with a 15 kg HE-fragmentation warhead detonated by a proximity fusing system. The missile is approximately 3.5 meters long with a diameter of 0.735 meters and a launch weight 170 kilograms. The cold launch ejection system propels the missile upwards to a height of 18-20 meters, whereupon thruster jets ignite and turn the weapon to the target bearing. The main sustainer rocket motor then ignites and the missile is command guided to the intercept point where the proximity fuse is triggered.

Effective range limits are from 1500 to 12000 m with target altitude limits being between 10 and 6000 m. The maximum maneuvering load factor limit on the weapon is 30 g.

The missile launcher consists of a box container extending down below the level of the hull top, holding two groups of four ready to fire missiles in the vertical position. Each missile is in a maintenance-free factory-sealed container-launcher box. The system is reloaded by a dedicated transportation/loader vehicle.
The 3D pulse Doppler electronically beam steered E/F-band surveillance radar provides range, azimuth, elevation and automatic threat evaluation data on up to 48 targets for the digital fire control computer processing system. Automatic track initiation can be performed on the 10 most dangerous targets, which are categorized and prioritized in order of threat for engagement. The operator reconfirms the highest priority target choice and tracks this target before firing the missile. The maximum radar range is stated as 25 kilometers, but the rapid five to eight second reaction time [including fire control target prioritization] suggests a somewhat greater range. The radar antenna, on top of the turret, is swung through 90º to the horizontal position for travel. Target radar surveillance is carried out on the move but the vehicle would normally come to a halt for missile launch.


The phased-array pulse Doppler G/H-band tracking radar is located at the front of the turret. This electronically steered radar is capable of simultaneously tracking two targets traveling at speeds of up to 700 km/h in all weather conditions, and countering threat ECM operations. The antenna assembly can be folded down for travel.

Mounted on the top left of this radar is a small vertical pointing antenna which serves to initially acquire the missile after launch before it is handed over to the main tracking/guidance system. On the lower right side of the tracking radar is an automatic TV tracking system with a range of 20000 m that complements the tracking radar and enables the system to operate in a heavy ECM environment.

The Tor is not amphibious although it is airportable. An NBC system is fitted as standard as is a built-in training system. The chassis of the vehicle is almost identical to that used for the 2S6 self-propelled hybrid air defense system and is based on the GM-569 tracked vehicle. The three man crew consists of the vehicle commander, system operator and vehicle driver, seated at the front of the vehicle with the large box-like unmanned turret in the center and the engine compartment at the rear. This arrangement is similar to that of the Kub (SA-6) and Shilka (ZSU-23-4) vehicles. The vehicle suspension consists of six dual rubber tired roadwheels with the idler at the front, drive sprocket at the rear and three return rollers.

An auxiliary gas turbine powers a 75 kW generator, allowing the main diesel engine to be shut down when the system is deployed to conserve fuel.

The Russian company Antei which produces anti-aircraft missile systems has developed a new efficient system Tor M1. A number of countries have precision weapons and a reliable shield is necessary against these weapons. The new Russian anti-aircraft missile system Tor is such a shield. The system consists of a special vehicle and two radars to detect targets and to accompany flying targets and missiles, a computer, and equipment for launch and navigation. The missile unit is a transportation and launch container with four missiles. A anti-aircraft guided missile is a one-stage missile with a solid fuel engine. The system is operated by 3 or 4 people. The Tor system ensures reliable protection for government, industrial and military sites and ground troops from all types of missiles, unpiloted aircraft, aircraft bombs, aircraft and helicopters with stealth capabilities. The Tor system is the only system in the world which can detect and identify various targets. It can detect targets at a height ranging from 10 meters to 6 kilometers. The Tor system is autonomous and has short reaction time. The latest technologies of Russia's defense industry are used in it.




The Tor-M1 is a very capable SAM system. And added with the 29 units are the S-300 missiles. Iran seems to be developing an extremely high tech air defense system in case of a US or Israeli attack on its nuclear sites.
 

tphuang

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Tor-M1 definitely provides Iran a low level of air defense. Checking
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, it doesn't really mention anything about Iran having s-300, which were the original point of Tor-M1. If there is anything the Russians are still really advanced in, this has to be it.
 

crazyinsane105

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Here is an interesting link:

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And since this was reported around 1997, I think the Iranians would have the S-300 by now. They are in dire need for a high altitude defense system and the S-300 would suit their needs perfectly.
 

Fairthought

Junior Member
Since the effective range is only 12 km, we can calculate the total arispace that can be protected by the Tor-m1 air defense network (assuming a maximum spread with no overlap) to be just 13,120 square kilometers.

Given that Iran has a total area of 1.648 million square kilometeres, That means Iran can only use this weapon to protect just 0.8 % of their airspace. This of course does not include an unknown number of s-300 for higher altitude interceptions - necessary as the Tor-M1 can't reach above 6000 m.

On the surface, this purchase doesn't seem to come close to meeting the needs of Iran to defend their airspace. But Iran only needs to defend their prized nuclear research and missile facilities. These small sites are the actual destination of this air defence system. Delivery will take two years (completed by end of 2007). Cost is about $35 million per Tor-M1.

$35 million per Tor-M1 system sounds quite expensive. You can by an Su-30 for that. Does anyone know what China paid for their Tor-M1 systems? Does anyone know if the price is for a single transporter launch vehicle, or is a system defined as a whole battery of four launch vehicles plus a command vehicle?
 
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MIGleader

Banned Idiot
wouldnt putting your air defence missles right near your secret facilities reveal the facilities postion?

strange, sinodefence doesnt say anything about how much china paid for its tor m1s, just that they bought aroung 50 units

quote:A PLA Tor-M1 battalion appears to match the Russian organisation of having 3~5 batteries (companies). Each battery consists of four transport-launch-vehicles (TLVs) and a Rangir battery command post. The missile, guided by phased-array tracking radar, has a range of 12km against low-flying fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters and 5km against cruise missiles. The missile can also be sued against other airborne targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and limited capability against ballistic missiles.

this should give soem idea of rianian organization, but their system must vary somewhat from china's
 

crazyinsane105

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Fairthought, their are several problems when it comes to selling planes to Iran. First of all, the US and Israel will scream at the top of their lungs in Russia starts to sell planes to Iran. Russia is stressing that it is only selling weapons that are for defensive purposes only. An Su-30 can be used for both purposes. Second of all, one sqaudron of Su-30's needs a s*itload of maintanence, training, weapons, etc. Basically, Iran can probably afford it, but time is against the Iranians. The US can launch an assault any day so it is better to have SAM systems because it is the most cost effective means of protecting a small amount of territory.
 

f2000

New Member
hello i'm new ere.i totally agree wit u crazyinsane.to setup su-30squadran will need pilot n a lot of maintenance.it's require a lot of money
 
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