A newly mighty China gets to grips with its power
JOHN GARNAUT
December 31, 2010
BEIJING: It was only last year that China surprised itself as much as anyone else by discovering that it had arrived as a world power, years ahead of expectations.
The great leap was partly due to the Communist Party's unique capacity and determination to pump up the local economy at a time when the developed world was being battered by the financial crisis. ''How do you deal toughly with your banker?'' the US Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, asked the then prime minister, Kevin Rudd, in March last year, according to US diplomatic cables obtained by WikiLeaks.
Party leaders were evidently pleased with what they described in their main annual meeting as China's ''marked rise in international status and influence''. However, beyond exploiting the domestic propaganda value, they struggled to find ways to put China's new-found power to good use. Throughout 2010 the leadership appeared to lurch from underestimating its power to overestimating it. The signs of overreach were most evident in the geopolitical realm.
Beijing showed a new willingness to throw its weight around in pursuit of narrowly defined self-interest, which generated an acute sense of unease among many of its neighbours. Countries including Japan, South Korea, India and Vietnam have responded by inviting the US to re-establish its diplomatic and military primacy in the region, despite Chinese protests.
Only months ago Beijing had loudly railed at the mere possibility of a US aircraft carrier near its coastal waters. But, after sheltering its ally North Korea, Beijing now appears powerless to prevent the US from dispatching not just one aircraft carrier to the region, but three.
The Communist Party also showed signs of overreach in its efforts to silence domestic dissent with increasingly heavy-handed methods across a widening range of citizens. The 11-year jail sentence handed down to the intellectual Liu Xiaobo on December 25 last year immediately turned him into a rallying point for reformers across the country. It also led to his being awarded the Nobel peace prize in September, which led to a much broader crackdown against his supporters, raising Liu's status even further.
''If we say we didn't have a trademark in the past, then now we have a flag,'' the prominent civil rights lawyer Pu Zhiqiang told the Herald this month, despite warnings not to speak to foreign journalists about Liu.
''My hope is that Liu's prestige and resources will help provide a platform for truth and compromise when the Communist Party leviathan is bursting,'' he said.
Information technology and a rising sense of universal values are raising the political costs of oppression. Mr Pu was one of dozens of Liu supporters who had been extra-legally detained after the peace prize announcement and had immediately recounted his ordeal on Twitter. Last week another lawyer, Teng Biao, was released from a police station after supporters rallied to his aid after he tweeted news of his illegal detention via his mobile phone.
And on Saturday what might once have remained a local story about a traffic accident in Zhejiang province became a national scandal about official corruption and brutality when photos of a land activist's decapitated body - still under the tyre of a large truck - were posted all over the internet.
In both international and domestic politics, the Communist Party is finding that its increased power has led to a commensurate increase in resistance to that power.
The question for next year is whether the party will respond to these challenges by retreating and compromising or flexing its muscles more tightly.
. Even when China's economy is, say, twice the size of the American one, it will not be able to fight everybody at once. Anyway, it does not have to demand anything from anybody. All it needs to do is show this thing off (be "transparent"). To me, this sort of thing actually allows China to be "softer" and "friendlier", because everybody can see the big stick! It is weaker states that need to look "nasty" (DPRK?).
