A basic layman's question: are there any rumors regarding whether the 09V uses a standard or shaft less pump jet propulsion?
I suppose we should assume it to be standard, given the conservative nature of the PLA, but one could hope...
Standard shaft-driven shrouded propellers/pumpjet.
I don't think anyone credible is expecting shaftless propulsion for the 095 SSN, given the immense technological challenges involved and the relative state of technological (im)maturity of said mode of propulsion for reliably propelling something as heavy as an SSN through the water for extended durations while under wartime scenarios.
Another basic layman's question: are the YJ-19s compatible for VLS tube launch, or is it strictly torpedo tube launched only?
Given that the YJ-19 can be torpedo tube-launched, then VLS cell-launched is certainly viable.
However, we do know that there's another yet-to-be-revealed hypersonic cruise missile that fully utilizes the volume of the 850mm VLS cells (and is free from the dimensional constraints of torpedo tubes) as
@00CuriousObserver has noted, so there's that.