Canadian Military News, Reports, Data, etc.

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land




Personnaly, I love this webbing, except that the bayonet is located right under your sternum and reduce our ability to bend or even worst, can you imagine if your bayonet pierce through your vest ????


The new Canadian Disruptive Pattern (CADPAT™) uniform is now part of the Canadian Army’s identity. This high-tech clothing gives Canadian soldiers a distinct edge in camouflage survivability. Two variations of the CADPAT™ uniform (pants and shirt) are now available for use by our troops. The first is Temperate Woodland or TW, which is primarily green, black, and brown in colour, and is designed for use in North America and Europe. Arid Regions or AR CADPAT™ is composed of three different colours of brown, and is primarily for use in desert regions.

CADPAT™ is a computer generated pattern incorporating sophisticated Near Infrared protection designed to conceal soldiers from image intensification devices (night vision). CADPAT™ (TW) is comprised of four specific colours of light green, dark green, brown and black and was first introduced in 1997/98 on the helmet cover for the new helmet then coming into service. At the same time, the pattern was also introduced on a new Soldier’s Individual Camouflage Net.

The Temperate Woodland variation of CADPATâ„¢ was the first to be developed and tested by the Canadian Army. It quickly became evident that CADPATâ„¢(TW) was not ideally suited for all environmental conditions, and work commenced to identify a uniform for operations in desert, near desert, and savannah environmental conditions. The resulting product is a three-colour pattern, known as CADPATâ„¢ Arid Regions (AR). The digital pattern is somewhat similar in style to CADPAT (TW), but is composed of three different colours of brown.

Before being approved, CADPATâ„¢ items were subjected to extensive field testing by soldiers. These trials confirmed that the technologies involved in CADPATâ„¢ are very effective in providing concealment. It is important to note, however, that although CADPATâ„¢ is effective, Canadian soldiers do not rely on uniforms alone for their protection. All our troops learn to use every means available to camouflage and conceal themselves in different environments.

Specifications:

The patterns and technical data for CADPATâ„¢ are patent and copyright protected by the Department of National Defence. A trademark for the name CADPATâ„¢ has also been acquired.

The Department of National Defence closely controls CADPATâ„¢ specifications. All companies that produce CADPATâ„¢ uniforms and gear must sign non-disclosure agreements and closely control CADPATâ„¢ samples and data.

Separate programs are underway to convert Army outerwear (jackets, boots, cold-weather pants) to the CADPATâ„¢ pattern. First issues of these items will occur in 2003.

The CADPATâ„¢ (TW) uniform was first worn in an operational theatre in September 2001 (Operation Palladium Rotation 09, Bosnia-Herzegovina)

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Canada lacks in mobile gear and vehicles, but that's some real nice infantry gear that you guys have.

But why do you have so little electronic vehicles?
The AERIES that the Canadians used successfully against the Americans, there are only 6, the other vehicle, there are only 4. As for Skyguard radars, 10 only.
And so little engineering/recovery systems.

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

sumdud said:

Canada lacks in mobile gear and vehicles, but that's some real nice infantry gear that you guys have.

But why do you have so little electronic vehicles?
The AERIES that the Canadians used successfully against the Americans, there are only 6, the other vehicle, there are only 4. As for Skyguard radars, 10 only.
And so little engineering/recovery systems.

Click to expand...

Well, I havn't show our tank and our main infantry vehicule, neither our regular artillery. But our infantry's gear is very since it's our main force. The electronic vehicule are only in small number because they are only issued to front-line unit and you don't need that much. (we 19,500 men in regular unit) For the Skyguard, we only have 20 35mm GPD air defence gun and we can only link 2 gun with one skyguard. BTW, i didn't show our NVG yet. Most of the vehicule I show (except the few electronic warfare vehicule, engineer vehicule and Coyote Recon Vehicule) are all our reserve unit's vehicule.

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

How about the Navy, I know that one of the those Upholder class submarines, chicoutimi i think suffered a mechancial faliure and fire a few months back off the coast of the west coast of Ireland, has it been put back into service yet?

Have you ever heard of a canadian General called jean de chastelain hes retired i think, but hes been in Northern ireland overseeing the paramilitaries decomissioning their weapons.

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Soyuz said:

How about the Navy, I know that one of the those Upholder class submarines, chicoutimi i think suffered a mechancial faliure and fire a few months back off the coast of the west coast of Ireland, has it been put back into service yet?

Have you ever heard of a canadian General called jean de chastelain hes retired i think, but hes been in Northern ireland overseeing the paramilitaries decomissioning their weapons.

Click to expand...

Okay, for the submarine, well, I don't know, I don't really care about our naval counterpart (sorry bd_popeye) Yeah, I heard about general, I think that he was a former member of the Royal 22nd Regiment of Quebec.


Anyway, here's some more equipment, well, I've almost finish (still have 4 heavy combat vehicule, 1 artillery gun and 3 radio to show...)

Night Vision Goggles allow soldiers to drive vehicles, conduct maintenance, read maps, navigate, and conduct first aid during periods of darkness. The goggles come with a head-harness that allows for hands-free use of the NVGs. They can also be slung around the neck for hand-held periodic viewing.

NVGs require no active visible or infrared light source in order to work. The Image Intensifier Tube amplifies existing light, which allows the user to function as in daylight conditions. The user can also activate an infrared illumination diode in areas of total darkness and situations requiring additional light. The NVG has one objective lens and two eyepieces. The operator can focus the objective lens from 25cm (for map reading) to infinity (for general viewing). The NVG is compatible with all Canadian army helmets as well as NBC Respirators (gas masks).

The AN/PVS-504 Night Vision Goggles were brought into service in 1987. Of the 3,500 that were originally purchased, around 2000 have been upgraded with third generation Image Intensifier tubes. The remainder are awaiting upgrades.

Specifications:
Length: 320mm
Width: 200mm
Height: 130mm
Weight: 0.774kg
Magnification: None (x1)
Field of View: 40 degrees (711 mils)
Field of View (with NBC Respirator): 28 degrees (478 mils)
Objective focus range: 25 cm to infinity
Eye Relief: 15mm maximum
Brightness Amplification: 20, 000 to 35, 000 times
Focal length – Eyepiece: 27mm
Power Source: 2 batteries Alkaline AA 3.0 V dc
1 battery Lithium 3.0 V dc
Operating Temperature Range: -40 °C to +49 °C




The Night Observation Device, Long-Range (NODLR) allows infrared thermal viewing of night or daylight targets during all weather conditions. Infrared thermal technology allows the viewer to ‘see’ heat sources, greatly improving observation in certain conditions such as fog and darkness. The NODLR can determine data on potential targets such as range, azimuth, and elevation. It may be mounted on a tripod and operated with a battery pack, or mounted on a vehicle (for static operation only).

The NODLR system consists of an infrared Thermal Observation Device (TOD), a Laser Range Finder (LRF), and a goniometer. These components are described in the paragraphs below.

The Thermal Observation Device (TOD) detects varying levels of infrared energy within its field of view. It is then able to generate an image of the scene and display it on a small monochromatic display. This image is viewed by the operator through the eyepiece.

The Laser Range Finder (LRF) provides rapid and highly accurate range determination (distance to targets). This data can then be passed to soldiers operating weapons systems. Using the LRF greatly increases the first round hit probability on targets. The LRF is mounted on top of the TOD.

The goniometer is a very accurate elevation and azimuth scaled tracking head. It allows the TOD and LRF to rotate manually in azimuth (left and right) and elevation (up and down). It is fitted with calibrated scales so that when a target is located in the centre of the TOD screen the azimuth bearing and the elevation angle can be read off the goniometer scales. This data can then be passed to soldiers operating weapons systems.

The NODLR also comes with a tripod, a battery pack, two soft carrying cases for portable operations and two hard transit cases for long-range vehicle transportation.

There are currently 230 NODLR in-service. Plans are in the works to upgrade all these units. The improvements will keep the NODLR in service for another 10 years by improving systems reliability and sustainability as well as producing a quieter system with increased battery life.

Specifications
Weight: 25.3 Kg (with all accessories)
Narrow Field of View (NFOV): 3° x 2° (53 x 35 mils)
Wide Field of View (WFOV): 10.8° x 7.2° (190 x 127 mils)
Apparent Magnification: NFOV: 8.31x; WFOV: 2.42x
Range Focus: <30m to infinity
Detector Type: Mercury-Cadmium-Tellurium (HgCdTe)
Monocular Eyepiece Apparent Magnification: 8x
Resolution: 36 Line Pairs/mm
Goniometer Azimuth Range: 6 400 mils
Goniometer Elevation: ±400 mils
Number in Service: 230
Entered Service: 1989



The BV 206 is a special military vehicle designed for use as an all-terrain transport vehicle. It is capable of travel both on and off roads, under almost all conditions and in all climatic extremes. In particular, its large track area allows the vehicle to travel over deep snow and soft ground that would be impassable to almost all other tracked and wheeled vehicles. It is also amphibious, being propelled in the water by its four tracks.

The BV 206 consists of two track-driven cars that are coupled together by a central, articulated steering assembly. Steering is accomplished using hydraulic cylinders that turn the cars relative to each other. There are three main configurations including: personnel/cargo, command post, and anti-tank (equipped with TOW missiles).

Specifications:
Length: 6.86 m
Width: 1.85 m
Track width: 6.2 m
Height: 2.4 m
Payload: 1.9 t
Weight: 6.34 t
Engine: Mercedes-Benz
Transmission: Four speed automatic
Entered service: 1983-1985
Number in service: 78



The Beaver is an armoured, fully tracked vehicle built on the chassis of a Leopard Tank. It is a highly mobile, rapidly deployable assault bridge that can be used to span natural and man-made obstacles on the battlefield. The vehicle’s 22 meter-long bridge can support vehicles as heavy as 60 tonnes over streams and anti-tank ditches.

The Beaver is powered by a V-10, twin super charged, 830 HP, multi-fuelled engine. It is equipped with an NBCD system that provides protection against nuclear, biological, and chemical agents. It is also equipped with eight smoke / HE grenade dischargers.

Specifications:
Length: 11.82 m (with bridge)
Width: 4.0 m (with bridge)
Height: 3.57 m (with bridge)
Weight: 45, 450 kg (with bridge)
Bridge Length: 22.0 m
Bridge Width: 4.0 m
Width of Bridge Lane: 1.55 m
Class of Bridge: 60 tonne
Crew: 2-3
Engine: Multi-fuel engine, 10 cylinders, 830 hp
Max Speed: 62 km/h
Number in service: 9



The Taurus ARV was designed to undertake the following roles:

* recovering vehicles disabled by enemy action or mechanical failure, or that are bogged down;
* towing disabled vehicles;
* changing components such as power packs and turrets. (A replacement Leopard power pack is carried on the rear decking and a complete engine change can be carried out in less than 30 minutes);
* carrying out dozing operations;
* fuelling vehicles.

The Taurus (Leopard ARV) is almost identical to the Badger (Leopard AEV). The main differences between the ARV and the AEV are as follows:

* Taurus can carry a replacement power pack and no auger;
* Taurus carries no explosives for demolition work;
* Taurus support / dozer blade is not equipped with scarifiers (teeth) to rip up the surface of roads.

Armament:
1 x 7.62-mm co-axially mounted machine-gun (C6)
1 x 7.62-mm crew commander's machine-gun (C6)
6 x 76-mm grenade launchers

Specifications:
Length: 7.57 m
Width: 3.25 m
Height: 2.7 m (including turret mounted machine gun)
Crew: 4
Weight: (with spare power pack)
(empty) 39,200 kg
(combat weight) 39,800 kg
Max speed: (road) 62 km/h
Range: 850 km
Fuel capacity: 1,410 litres
Engine: Multi-fuel engine, 10 cylinders, 830 hp

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Our radio system (I also post a post about our assault radio before and here's the rest) (Only have one post left on equipment, it's about our heavy combat equipement)


The Tactical Command and Control Communications System (TCCCS) replaced old radio equipment used by the Army with the state-of-the-art Iris Digital Communications System. (TCCCS is the name of the overall project, while Iris is the name of the actual communications system). Iris provides the Army with secure, reliable and integrated communications. Ultimately, it will be part of a digitized command system designed to create a seamless web for rapid transmission of information between sensors, combat troops and decision-makers. For example, one component called the Situation Awareness sub-System (SAS), will permit vehicle and unit commanders to know where all unit and enemy vehicles are with pinpoint accuracy day or night and in any weather.

Now that the $1.4 billion system is installed and fully operational, the Canadian Army has the most integrated digitized command and control system in the world. The project began in 1985 and was completed at the end of 2002.

For more information on this project, refer to the Iris Digital Communications System.


nformation must be shared quickly and securely by soldiers, commanders, and high-tech sensors operating on the modern battlefield. The Iris digital communications system gives the Army this capability. The Tactical Command and Control Communications System Project (TCCCS) replaced old radio equipment with the state-of-the-art Iris communications system. As a result, the Canadian Army has the most integrated digitized command and control system in the world.

Iris is a complete voice and data distribution system that consists of radios, telephones, computers, custom software, fibre-optic and wireless networks, trunk, satellite, and encryption and management applications. Iris provides a secure, survivable, and responsive means of tactical and strategic communications to support the Army's commitments in Canada and overseas.

The ability of commanders to effectively manoeuvre their troops is greatly enhanced by Iris. It supports commanders in making timely and balanced decisions based upon current information, and it operates in a range of geographic, climatic, and electromagnetic environments in Canada and throughout the world.

What Will Iris Do For Canada’s Army?

Iris brings communications for the Canadian Army into a new era of technology. Some fundamental improvements Iris offers are:

* Integrated voice and data capability
* Local Distribution Networks between vehicles
* Integrated links from hand-held radios, up to and including satellite communications
* Increased security via the implementation of frequency hopping technology
* Message handling with an integrated tactical e-mail system

Iris uses state of the art technology to bring the highest calibre of communication means to Canada’s Army. This goal has been obtained through the following improvements:

Frequency Spectrum Utilization
Iris employs frequency-hopping technology, resulting in broader use of channels and compliance with NATO and national regulations.

Data Handling
Iris provides effective data capability with reliability and speed.

Capacity
There is an increased voice and data capacity and integration within battle group and formation command posts. Exchange of data within and among levels of command is now possible.

Interoperability
Iris has the ability to interface with existing Canadian and allied force systems as well as North American and European commercial systems.

Survivability
The expected survivability of equipment and system functionality has increased significantly with Iris. Timely restoration of communications is excellent due to the system’s modular design, its redundant links, and the automatic switching capabilities, which in the event of link failure, will transfer signals to still-functional components. Also, Iris equipment is protected against the wide-ranging electromagnetic effects of nuclear explosion, namely electromagnetic pulse (EMP), and transient radiation effects on electronics (TREE). It will withstand the effects of nuclear and conventional weapons to at least the same degree as the soldier operating the equipment. It will resist permanent or long lasting contamination by chemical and biological agents and withstand decontamination.

Security
Most Iris manpack radios have embedded crypto, making secure communications possible without the need for external cryptographic devices. The Canadian Key Management Unit (CKMU) provides security services to assist in key management and the enforcement of the system security policy.

Timeliness
Iris System operators access the system directly, thus accelerating the passage of information. The Communication Management System (CMS) provides fully automated planning and control features for the system.

Mobility and Range
The Iris Trunk System (ITS) allows users to access other users through the various nodes and the Information Distribution System (IDS). The Trunk system uses switching to extend the range of tactical communications links across tactical boundaries, including strategic, allied, and commercial networks. Telephone and data services are available to every user.

Maintainability
Repairs of the Iris System occur as far forward as possible through fault-location and sub-assembly replacement. Whenever necessary, maintenance activities are supported by a system repair vehicle equipped with an automated test suite.

These improvements over the current communication system deliver a positive impact on the effectiveness of command and control, allied interoperability, and future development.
Link to the top of the page

Iris Components

Iris is made up of more than 200 types of equipment, including 15,000 radios, 1,500 data terminals, and three major software applications. Components of the system are installed in approximately 5,000 armoured and soft-skinned vehicles. Each of the systems or subsystems can operate independently; however, the full operational capability of the Iris System is met when they operate as a whole. The major components of Iris are as follows:

Combat Net Radios (CNR)
Information Distribution System (IDS)
Iris Trunk System (ITS)
Long Range Communications System (LRCS)
Iris System Management (ISM)
Tactical Message Handling System (TMHS)
Link to the top of the page

Combat Net Radio (CNR)
The Iris Combat Net Radio system consists of a full range of tactical radios. These include net-radio, point-to-point, ship-to-shore, air-ground-air, long range, and voice and data communications covering the HF, VHF, and UHF bands. The equipment can be employed in vehicles, ship, or manpack configurations. The Combat Net Radio subsystems provide users with the means to transmit and receive voice and data messages utilizing the Tactical Message Handling System(TMHS), and Radio Nodes (RN). The Combat Net Radio systems currently being used by the Army include:

Combat Net Radio (Primary)
Light Assault Radio
Combat Net Radio (HF)
Air-Ground-Air Radio
Link to the top of the page

Information Distribution System (IDS)
The IDS forms the heart of the Iris System. This system integrates all the components into a unified tactical command, control, and communications system at the Headquarters site. It serves users at all levels of command in a variety of vehicle configurations. Tactical command posts, formation headquarters, designated armoured vehicles, and other selected command vehicles use IDS to access secure and non-secure voice and data communications resources.
Link to the top of the page

Iris Trunk System (ITS)
The ITS allows users to access other users of the trunk system through the various nodes and the Information Distribution System. It operates over fibre optic cables and UHF and SHF Line-of-Sight Radio Relays. The switching capability of the ITS extends the range of tactical communications links across tactical boundaries and through the long range capability of the Iris System to strategic, allied, or commercial networks.


Long Range Communications System (LRCS)
The LRCS provides extended range communications to commanders in the field by the use of both tactical and strategic resources. It is made up of both satellite and HF facilities, which can support operations independently or together as a system. The LRCS is divided into two main parts: a Static Switching site and Field Detachments.

Static Switching Site
The Static Switching site contains the Tactical Interface Equipment (TIE), which is used to interconnect the deployed detachments. The system(s) support secure voice and data communications over extended ranges not covered by other Iris components.

Field Detachments
The field detachments consist of the following:

* The Tactical Long Range Communication Terminal Detachment (TLRCT): The TLRCT detachment provides a mobile satellite ground station vehicle that provides Satellite Communications (SATCOM) with the Static site, or to another TLRCT.
* Medium Communications Terminal Detachment (MCT): The MCT Detachment provides extended range HF communications with one of the CF High Frequency Radio stations, and other MCT Detachmentss, and is also compatible with the Combat Net Radio (High Frequency).

Link to the top of the page

Iris System Management (ISM)
Iris System Management provides the Signal organizations of the Canadian Army with the ability to perform communication management functions without disrupting the elements that they support. This ensures a continuous and reliable communication system despite dispersion of resources, hostile activity, frequent tactical moves, and planned connectivity changes.

ISM is made up of three subsystem management tools and the Tactical Message Handling System (TMHS). The TMHS provides e-mail service for the user and a transport layer for the system management tools to function. The subsystem management tools are, the Communication Management System (CMS), the Cryptographic Material Management System (CMMS), and IDS Network Management (INM). Additional support for ISM comes from the IDS Network Services (INS) and IDS Operating to System Extension (IOSX).
Link to the top of the page

Tactical Message Handling System (TMHS)
The Iris System TMHS provides users with secure, tactical messaging capability through the data terminals assigned to them. It provides electronic messaging and a store and forward capability for mobile users. The segment interfaces with CF strategic and allied messaging systems. Users are able to transmit and receive messages utilizing either Combat Net Radio or Iris Trunk System links. Incorporated into the TMHS are the pre-formatted common reports required for field operations as well as the ability to write free-text messages.





The Combat Net Radio (Primary), or CNR(P), is a state-of-the-art, secure digital radio designed for twenty-first century battlefield operations. It is a VHF FM-radio, which can be operated in fixed frequency or frequency-hopping mode. These radios have built-in voice and data encryption, and can be carried by dismounted troops or mounted in vehicles or ships.

Specifications:
Half duplex, frequency-hopping, secure, tactical, digital VHF FM Radio
30 MHz to 108 MHz in 25 kHz channels
Incorporates Electronic Counter Counter Measure (ECCM)
Meets environmental extremes listed in STANAG 2895 and MIL-STD-810D
Conforms to EMC/EMI Requirements of MIL-STD-461C
Integral VINSON compatible crypto module
Conforms to TEMPEST requirements of NACSIM 5100A and CID/09/14

Nomenclatures:
AN/PRC-522: Manpack radio set
AN/VRC-513 (V)1: Medium power vehicle installation radio set
AN/VRC-513 (V)2: High power vehicle installation radio set

Transceiver Characteristics:
Height: 90 mm
Width: 238 mm
Depth: 220 mm
Weight: 4.8 kg

General Characteristics:
Frequency Range: 30 - 107.975 MHz (3120) channels in single channel or frequency hopping
Bandwidth: 25 kHz
Modulation: FM (F3E)
Channels: 8 programmable channels to store single frequencies or ECCM frequency sets
Modes: Analogue or digital; secure or plain text; radio rebroadcast; remote control mode
Frequency spacing/channel steps: 25 kHz
Radio rebroadcast: Mixed modes, Automatic mode selection

ECCM Modes:
Wideband hopping
Narrowband hopping (band selectable)

Barred Bands:
4 frequency hopping
16 frequency hopping
256 frequency hopping

Built-in Tests:
Transmit/Receive level indicator
Battery voltage indicator
Power-on automatic internal module test
Manually initiated internal module test

Power Supply:
Supply voltage: 12V or 28V nominal (to QSTAG 307)
Manpack Rechargeable Battery life: (1:1:8 cycle) 12 hours typical (at 20ºC)
Lithium batteries are also available for Manpack operations

Transmitter:
Power output: 0.1 watts, 4 watts, 16 watts and 50 watts depending on configuration (manually or remotely selectable)

Receiver:
RX sensitivity: -116dBm (0.35µV) for 10 dB SINAD (analogue) or 10% BER (digital)
Audio output power: 10 mW into 300 ohms
Volume control: Five stepped volume levels or fixed level audio mode
Spurious response and image rejection: Greater than 85 dB

External Controls:
Channel switch
On/off switch
Crypto switch
Frequency entry
Single channel mode select
Frequency hopping mode select
No transmit/low/medium/high power select
Standby mode select
Radio rebroadcast mode select

Display:
Frequency (in single channel), Built-in Test results, selected operational modes

Environmental Characteristics (to MIL-STD-810):
Operating Temperature: -40ºC to +48ºC
Storage Temperature: -51ºC to +63ºC

Accessories:
Low profile manpack antenna
Manpack antenna
Single port vehicular antenna
Rechargeable batteries
Battery chargers
Carrying harnesses
Low profile headset
Handset
Fill device
High power RF amplifier (50 W mode)

Other System Components:
Vehicular adapters
Active noise reduction headsets
Adapter tray to interface with the legacy installation harness (for interim usage only)
Log readers

Product Options:
Internal COMSEC: Embedded with Over the Air Rekeying (OTAR) and VINSON compatibility
Tempest certified to NACSIM 5100A and CID/09/14




The Combat Net Radio (High Frequency), or CNR(HF), is used for guard nets, special tasks, and long-range communications. It uses an external crypto device, and can be deployed as a manpack or mounted in a vehicle.

The CNR(HF) is a self-contained, portable unit with built-in antenna coupler and power amplifier assemblies. All radio system commands are entered through the front panel.

Specifications:

Nomenclatures:
RT-1694 Receiver-Transmitter

General:
Frequency Range: 1.6 to 59.9999 MHz
Preset Channels: 100
Frequency Stability: ± 1 x 10-6
RF Input/Output Impedance: 50 ohms nominal, unbalanced
Power Input: +24 Vdc
Data Interfaces: Synchronous and Asynchronous RS-232C and MIL-STD-188-114A
Temperature Range: -40ºC to +70ºC

Physical Characteristics:
Length: 264 mm
Height: 78 mm
Depth: 216 mm (CNRHF only)
Depth: 338 mm (with battery case)
Weight: 3.86 kg (CNRHF only)
Weight: 7.71 kg (with case and two Ni-Cd batteries)

Receiver Characteristics:
Audio Output: 15 mW at 1000 ohms into external handset
Squelch: Front panel selectable, noise or 150 Hz tone (FM) or RWAS (High Frequency [HF] SSB)
Image and IF Rejection: Greater than 80 dB
Spurious Responses: Less than 10 spurs greater than -90 dBm equivalent input; fewer than 500 spurs are greater than -120 dBm equivalent input
AGC Characteristics: Mode dependent, selectable from front panel
Overload Protection: Receiver protected to 70 Vrms

Receiver Sensitivity:
Single Sideband (SSB): -110 dBm (0.7 uV) for 10 dB SINAD (2.7 kHz bandwidth)
AM: -98 dBm (2.8 uV) for 10 dB SINAD (6 kHz bandwidth 30% modulation)
CW: -117 dBm (0.3 uV) for 10 dB (S+N)/N (0.35 kHz bandwidth)
FM: -107 dBm (1.0 uV) for 10 dB SINAD

Transmitter:
Power Output SSB, CW, AME: 1, 5, 20 watts PEP/Average
Power Output FM: 1, 5, 10 watts
Carrier Suppression: Greater than 60 dB below PEP output (J3E mode)
Undesired Sideband Rejection: Greater than 60 dB below PEP output
Intermodulation Distortion (1.6 - 29.9999 MHz): -24 dBc minimum
Intermodulation Distortion (30.0 - 59.9999 MHz): -18 dBc minimum
Audio Input (Handset): 1.5 m Vrms into 150 ohms
Audio Input (Fixed Level): 0.774 Vrms into 600 ohms

Modes of Operation:
J3E: (single sideband, upper or lower, suppressed carrier telephony)
H3E: (compatible Amplitude Modulation [AM] single sideband plus full carrier)
J2A: (Continuous Wave [CW] single sideband suppressed carrier)
F3E: (Frequency Modulation [FM] telephony)

Antenna Tuning Capability:
50-ohm output: 1.6 to 60 MHz
8, 10, 16-ft. whips: 1.6 to 60 MHz
AS-2259/GR (RF-1936): 3.5 to 30 MHz
RF-1940 Tactical Dipole: 3 to 30 MHz



The Air/Ground/Air, or A/G/A radio, is a VHF/UHF fixed-frequency or frequency-hopping radio that provides tactical air control from the battlefield. This radio is presently in use by the Canadian Army, its primary role being UHF communication between ground soldiers and airborne fixed-wing aircraft. The A/G/A Radio has a VHF capability which is used to communicate with the CNR(P) and, depending on the operational requirement, can be operated in either secure or non-secure mode. It is available in both Man Pack and Vehicle Mounted configurations.

Specifications:

Manpack AN/PRC-113 Components:
RT 1319
Handset/Headset
VHF/UHF Antenna
Battery Case
2 x Nickel Cadmium Rechargeable Batteries or 2 Lithium Batteries
Carrying Harness
Cable Assembly for the KY-57
Cable Assembly for TOD Transfer
Filtered Audio Cable Assembly
KY-57 (if working secure)

Manpack AN/PRC-113 Characteristics:
Power Output: 2 or 10 watts
Frequency Range: VHF 116.000 to 149.975 MHz
Receiver - Transmitter: UHF 225.000 to 399.975 MHz
Guard Receiver: (Fixed UHF frequency) 243.000 MHz
Modulation: Amplitude modulation (am)
Available channels: VHF - 1360, UHF - 7000
Preset Channels: 8
Operating temperature: -29ºC to +68ºC
Watertight: to a depth of 91.4 cm

Manpack AN/PRC-113 Physical Characteristics:
Weight: 7.58 kg (with BB-590/U batteries)
Weight: 6.45 kg (with BA-5590/U batteries)
Length: 322.7 mm
Width: 221.7 mm
Height: 76.2 mm

Vehicular AN/VRC-83 Components:
RT 1319
AM/7176 (amplifier)
TSEC/KY-57 Interconnect Cable
RF Input Cable
Keep Alive Cable (a Y cable running to the Radio Access Unit (RAU) designed to retain the Time of Day (TOD) in case of a brownout)
Handset/Headset
KY-57 (if working secure)
Powered by the 28v DC vehicle charging System

Vehicular AN/VRC-83 Characteristics:
Power Output: 2, 10 or 30 watts
Frequency Range: VHF 116.000 to 149.975 MHz
Receiver - Transmitter: UHF 225.000 to 399.975 MHz
Guard Receiver: (Fixed UHF frequency) 243.000 MHz
Modulation: Amplitude modulation (am)
Available channels: VHF - 1360, UHF - 7000
Preset Channels: 8
Operating temperature: -51ºC to +68ºC
Watertight: to a depth of 91.4 cm

Vehicular AN/VRC-83 Physical Characteristics
Weight: 15.37 kg
Length: 317.5 mm
Width: 263.3 mm
Height: 165 mm

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Here you are, the last post about canadian land forces equipment, I'll post a analysis about our equipment later.


The LG1 Mark II is a 105-mm towed Howitzer is generally used to provide close indirect fire support to light, highly mobile, rapid deployment forces that might be required for domestic or international commitments. The LG 1 is normally towed by a 2-tonne truck or modified Grizzly which carries the crew, associated equipment, and some ammunition. It can also be lifted by helicopter, dropped by parachute and transported by air. It has the capability to fire extended range ammunition up to 19.2 km away. It deploys with a crew of between three and seven soldiers depending on the mission and task.

The fielding of 28 LG 1 Mark II guns was completed in November 1997. Each regular Light Infantry Battalion is now supported by a Direct Support Battery equipped with six LG 1 guns.

Armament:
105-mm rounds (including extended range ammunition)
Normal rate of fire: 8 rounds per minute

Specifications:
Length: 6.7 m
Width: 4.1 m (with open trails)
Height: up to 3 m when deployed
Weight: 1.5 t
Range: 19.2 km
Muzzle velocity: 490 m/sec at full charge
Traverse/Elevation: Barrel can be elevated or depressed and can traverse left or right 360 degrees.
Recoil mechanism: Hydropneumatic
Entered service: 1996
Number in service: 28


The 155-mm M109A4+ is a fully tracked, self-propelled, light armoured artillery medium howitzer. It provides close support to infantry and armoured forces. The howitzer is capable of low and high angle fire. It can fire all 155-mm artillery high explosive, illumination, and smoke ammunition. The vehicle is also equipped with six smoke / HE grenade dischargers. It operates with a crew of 7-9, including soldiers in an ammunition re-supply vehicle. The M109A4+ has a range of 18 km.

M109A4+ howitzers are currently being used by Army units on Canadian Forces bases in: Shilo, Manitoba; Petawawa, Ontario; Valcartier, Québec; and the Royal Canadian Artillery School in Gagetown, New Brunswick. The Land Force has a total of 76 self-propelled howitzers.

Armament:
155-mm Howitzer and a 12.7-mm (.50) caliber machine gun
76-mm grenade launchers (6)
Rate of Fire: First 3 minutes- 4 rounds/minute
Followed by- 1 round/ minute

Specifications:
Length: 9.12m
Width: 3.15 m
Height: 3.28 m
Weight: 24,970 kg
Elevation: -53 to 1333 mils
Range of weapon: 18 km (full traverse capability)
Ammunition: 34 rounds on board storage
Engine: 8-cylinder diesel
Maximum speed: 53 km/hour
Range of operation: 355 km on road
Number in Service: 76


The Air Defence Anti-tank System (ADATS) is a highly mobile low-level air defence unit capable of defeating a wide range of targets. The ADATS has been designed to provide air defence protection for mobile troops as well as ground installations. This self-contained weapon system is mounted on a tracked vehicle and will perform all its tactical functions during day or night and in adverse weather. Its ability to destroy air targets as well as ground targets, makes it a unique and extremely versatile weapon system.

ADATS is operated by a crew of three (driver, commander/radar operator, electro-optical operator), plus 3 personnel in the support vehicle. It carries eight ready-to-fire missiles which travel at a speed of Mach 3+ to a range of over eight kilometres. Its sensors include search radar and an electro-optical device containing a TV and Forward Looking Infrared Radar (FLIR).

ADATS first entered service with the Air Defence Artillery School located at CFB Chatham N. B. in 1989. Currently ADATS are deployed with 4 Air Defence Regiment with batteries located at Moncton and Gagetown, and the Royal Canadian Artillery School in Gagetown. There are 34 ADATS in inventory.

Armament:
8 ADATS missile per launcher (Speed Mach 3, Range 8+ km)
Warhead: 12.5 kg HE fragmentation/shaped charge, impact and proximity fuze. Penetrates: 900 mm of armour

Specifications:
Chassis: M-113A2
Crew: 3 (Driver, Commander, System operator)
Weight: 15.8 t
Speed: 58 km/h
Range: 400 km
Sensors: pulse Doppler radar (Range 25 km), electro-optical device with TV and FLIR
Guidance: Laser digitally coded
Entered service: 1989
Number in service: 34


This fast, well-armed LAV III is a state-of-the-art troop carrier that will serve the needs of mounted infantry well into the new century. The vehicle is well protected and can be used day and night, in all weather conditions, in battlefield smoke and on most types of terrain. Capable of speeds of up to 100 kilometres per hour on roads, the LAV III will give the commander many more options in both combat and non-combat situations. For example the commander may choose to keep the troops mounted and protected while using the 25-mm stabilized cannon — an option not available in the past. The driver and the commander have display terminals for the Tactical Navigation System (TACNAV), as well as thermal viewers. The TACNAV links a Global Positioning System (GPS) with a digital magnetic compass and laser range finder. Good anti-mine performance and an automatic fire and explosion suppression system provide additional safety for the crew. When used as an infantry section carrier, the LAV III deploys with a vehicle commander, a gunner, a driver and seven infantry soldiers. When deployed as a Tactical Command Post, it carries six soldiers. Three other variants are being procured including a Forward Observation Officer (FOO), TOW Under Armour (TUA) and an Engineer variant.

Variants:
313 LAV Infantry Section Carriers
181 LAV Command Post variants
71 LAV TOW Under Armour (TUA) variants (Turret equipped with 2 TOW launchers)
47 LAV Forward Observation Officer (FOO) variants
39 LAV Engineer variants

Armament:
25-mm stabilized M242 chain gun
7.62-mm stabilized coaxial machine gun (C6)
5.56 or 7.62-mm top-turret mounted machine gun
76-mm grenade launcher (2 clusters of 4 launchers)

Specifications:
Length: 6.98 m
Width: 2.7 m
Height: 2.8 m
Speed: 100 km/hr
Range: 450 km
Weight: 16 950 kg
Gradient: Maximum 60%
Side slope: Maximum 30%
Trench crossing: 2 m wide
Fording: Up to 1.2 m
Sights: Daytime optical, Thermal Imagery (TI), Generation III Image Intensification (II)
Spotlight: Maxa Beam, 6 million candle power, portable, with infra-red filter
Winch: Double Capstan constant pull winch
Engine: 350 hp Caterpillar diesel
Transmission: 6 forward gears, 1 reverse
Transfer case: 2 speed
Suspension: Hydropneumatic
Brakes: Power (air) with ABS
Wheels: 8 x 8 drive
Entered service: 1999
Number in service: 651


The C2 is an updated Leopard 1A5, which was developed in Germany in the 1980s. This tank deploys with a crew of four, including a commander, a driver, a gunner and a radio operator/loader. The 105-mm L7A3 gun is capable of engaging targets day and night, while on the move under adverse weather conditions, through the use of a fully stabilized fire control system with an integrated thermal imaging system and laser range-finder. The Leopard C2 Tank is also fitted with a gunner’s secondary fire control system and a commander’s fire control system. It has two 7.62-mm C6 machine guns. One is mounted inside the turret and another can be mounted externally on either the commander's or the loader's station.

The Leopard C2 is also fitted with two banks of four smoke grenade launchers on the turret. The tank may be “sealed-off†against nuclear-biological-chemical (NBC) threats. It is a minimum-maintenance armoured fighting vehicle and complete replacement of the engine and transmission is possible in 30 minutes under field conditions. When properly fitted with a conning tower, it is capable of deep-fording or submerged fording where riverbanks are prepared for exit and entry.

The Leopard C2 was designed so it can be fitted with add-on armour and all of the new battlefield sensing and communication systems the Army plans to introduce over the next few years. There are 114 in service.

Armament:
105-mm L7A3 gun
1 x 7.62-mm co-axially mounted machine-gun (C6)
1 x 7.62-mm crew commander's machine-gun (C6)
76-mm grenade launchers (2 clusters of 4 launchers)
Ammunition types: Armour-Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot (APFSDS)
High explosive squash head (HESH)
White Phosphorous Smoke (WP)

Specifications:
Length: 8.17 m (gun at 6 o'clock), 9.54 m (gun at 12 o'clock)
Width: 3.37 m Height: 2.62 m Weight: 42.5 t
Engine: Multi-fuel engine, 10 cylinders, 830 hp
Speed: 65 km/hr
Range: 600 km
Number in Service: 114

Variants:
Armoured Repair and Recovery Vehicle (TAURUS)
Armoured Engineer Vehicle (BADGER)
Bridge Layer (BEAVER)

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Please dont tell me Canadas best (and apperantly, only tank) is the Leo1!

To sum the tank up: Norways tank crew call it the "silk paper"...

And our small nation even operates more tank than your 114! :|
Norway operates 170 Leo1s and 50-60 ex-Dutch Leo2s (which we will buy more from).

How can you possibly defend all that land mass of yours? Guerilla tactics?

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Gauntlet said:

Please dont tell me Canadas best (and apperantly, only tank) is the Leo1!

To sum the tank up: Norways tank crew call it the "silk paper"...

And our small nation even operates more tank than your 114! :|
Norway operates 170 Leo1s and 50-60 ex-Dutch Leo2s (which we will buy more from).

How can you possibly defend all that land mass of yours? Guerilla tactics?

Click to expand...

Well, Mr. Gauntlet, you have to understand Canada's need in defence, we have a very big land mass, I agree, but we are not threaten by any country except by a few fishers. Yes Canada only have 113 Leo 1 (it's 113 because 1 of them burnt during an exercise last year), but do we need more tank ??? We almost never deployed and with the new army reform which I'll explain later in a future post, is replacing them with Stryker. I'll explain why also.

The question is defend our country against ?? Polar Bear ?? We spend a lot on training to keep a good but force. We can react to any situation theoricaly and the major reason why the Canadian Army has been down-size since the 70's (we were around 200,000 in this time including reserve) is first of all, they's lot less threat (Soviet Union don't exist anymore)second, our big allied called USA is next door and third, we have good relation with almost every country on this earth and we are known to be very pacific. Why we need a big army to defend a land that nobody wish to attack ????

Re: Canadian Armed Force - Land

Recapitulation of the Canadian Army Equipement

Like everyone observed, Canadian Army have a large variety of equipement that are sufficient to our national defence need. While entering in a new age of warfare, the Canadian Army's equipment are still decent for it's use. Canada's main defence policies are about defending our own coutry and participating in UN peacekeeping mission and UN intervetion like Bosnia or Kosvo and Afghanistan. Yes, we seems lack heavy armor since we only have 113 tanks. But those tanks are about to be replace by 76 Stryker MGS in a near future in the new Army Reform (that will be another post later) for more mobility, transport since the MGS are air-liftable by CC-130 Hercule, and to easier the logistic since the MGS is been derivated of the LAV-III. Our infantry vehicule are plenty and fill the mission we ask, the LAV-III are reliable, fast, mobile. The Coyote Recon are unique in this world. Since they provide an uncomparable dominance in the field of information to any commander, their can be consider as very good. We have enough enginner and support vehicule to any kind of mission. Canada mainly use light artillery for mobility reason. Our best equipement are still the infantry equipment since we are the main military force of our nation, CADPAT, our new NVG and our communication equipement are some of the best in their categories. In brief, that's what we need, we don't need more or even better (e.g. for tank). We can be considered ready to make face to anykind of threat coming on us.