SinoDefence Forum

twodollarss

I am not sure if this question has been answered.

How is that possible if U.S continues to build cutting edge innovative weapons while China is catching up. Is U.S building these cutting edge weapon at a slower pace while China is building their weapons at a slightly higher rate..?? That is the only way I see China catch up or exceed U.S militarily.

If two guys at far apart distance walking the same speed, the guy lagged behind will never catch up to him. If the guy lagged behind walk twice as fast as the guy in front of him, he will catch up with him in no time.

A.Man

China has 1.3 billion people while the US is just over 300 million. If people in both countries will have the same level of education, China shall get a four times large mind. When the average person's mentality is equal, the United States will not be able to stop China.

solarz

Economic strength translates into military strength. While this has not been always true in history, in the modern age of globalization and scientific advancement, this is a fact.

What has been true in history is that China was an global economic leader during most the world's known history. The only other civilization that might rival China was Rome. It has just been a historical fact, demonstrated dynasty after dynasty, that when China has a strong, stable central government, she becomes prosperous.

vesicles

Well, you have to look at it this way. While the US is developing technology that no one has seen before, China is developing technologies that have been established by others. Of course, with help from other nations (willingly or not), China is moving up faster while the US has to "walk in the dark" to find new technologies. To use a car analogy, China is driving on a paved highway while the US is finding new roads in the middle of nowhere. Yo can imagine who is faster. There may be barriers that other drivers set to prevent China from using the highway, but it is alot easier to go around these barriers than building new highways. So yes, the pace of the US development will be slower and China can catch up.

And by using the two-men-walking analogy, I assume that you assume the development of knowledge is linear, i.e. knowledge gained depends on the time spent. Well, that assumption is not correct. In fact, the development of knowledge is by-phasic, meaning that for long period of time, knowledge/technology shows small increment of growth (a process of accumulating critical mass, so to speak) and once in a while there is a quantum leap, hence an exponential growth period. It is possible that after a period of exponential growth, the US is hitting that "wall" while China begins the exponential growth of their own. So using the same analogy, the guy in front slows down a little to catch his breathe while the man behind speeds up. So yeah, it is possible for China to catch up. How long, that is the question. It also depends on economy and other factors.

King_Comm

The answer is here, the growth of the US military power is at the detriment of the rest of the economy, it's not sustainable in the long term. But the military industrial complex is too entrenched in the economy that there is not quick or painless way to change around.

A.Man

If China has The Will, She Will Catch The US Just In The Matter Of Time!

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Hyperwarp

Anyone wants the direct links? Let me know...

A.Man

Chinese Scientist Built The World First "Artificial Black Hole!"

Will It Be A Future Stealth Technology?

china.com/外滩画报



10月15 日，《科学》杂志宣布，世界上第一个“人造黑洞”在中国东南大学实验室里诞生。不过，这个小型“黑洞”不仅 不会毁灭世界，还能帮助人们更好地吸收太阳能。

11月7日报道 它有着“黑洞”之名，虽然尺寸“迷你”，但任何经过的电磁波或光，都不可能逃离它的引力。10 月15 日，《科学》杂志宣布，世界上第一个“人造黑洞”在中国东南大学实验室里诞生。不过，这个小型“黑洞”不仅 不会毁灭世界，还能帮助人们更好地吸收太阳能。

在宇宙中，黑洞吞噬万物，甚至包括光。人们乐意议论这种天体，因为它神秘、“性情”怪异：它身处宇宙最幽暗 的地方，没有人能直接观测到它，而靠近它的任何物质，都会被无情地拖曳到它的深渊里，小行星、星尘、光波、 时间，无一例外。

人们对黑洞这种天体感到好奇，但绝不会希望有任何一个黑洞接近自己，或我们的星球。然而现在却有一些科学家 在自己的实验室里造出了“黑洞”，一个“迷你”黑洞。10 月15 日的《科学》杂志在介绍这种“人造黑洞”时建议，人们可以把这种“黑洞”装进自己的大衣口袋里 。

制造出“人造黑洞”的是中国东南大学的一个研究组，崔铁军教授和程强教授是其中最主要的两位研究者。“实际 上，我们做的黑洞不是严格意义上的黑洞。”在接受《外滩画报》采访时，程强教授对记者说。

实验室里的“人工黑洞”，目的当然不是为了将一个吞噬一切的“恶魔”装进口袋。据程强介绍，现在存在于东南 大学毫米波国家实验室的“人造黑洞”，实际上是一个模拟装置，这种模拟装置目前可以吸收微波频段的电磁波， 在未来，它还可以吸收光。但是除此之外，它并不能吸收任何实质的东西。“它只吸收电磁波，不吸收能量。”程 强对记者说。

这是一个不具有危险性的“黑洞”，不仅如此，这种装置还能在未来用于收集太阳能。在这方面，“人造黑洞”将 比世界上任何一种太阳能电池板都更高效。一些物理爱好者甚至为这种全新的装置设计了一些新功能，比如将它装 置在航天器中的太阳帆上，或者用来吸收空气中游散的电磁波——因为手机和无线网络的普及，这种看不见的电磁 波据说侵害了我们的健康，成为一种新的污染。

不过，制造“黑洞”的研究者却从来不想那么多，现在崔铁军和程强正在继续的，是如何把实验室里的装置变成样 机，“实现工程化”。面对关于“人造黑洞”的各式各样的议论，程强认为， “成果公布以后，被许多国际媒体转载和评论，确实也大大出乎我们意料。从我们个人角度而言，只觉得这是一个 比较有意义的工作。

实验室里的“黑洞”

“我觉得很惊奇，崔和程这么快就做出了‘人造黑洞’！”看到这个研究成果后，纳瑞马诺维说。

伊维根·纳瑞马诺维(EvgeniiNarimanov) 是美国印第安纳州西拉斐特市普渡大学的一名教授。今年年初，他和合作者亚历山大·基尔迪谢维(Alexan der Kildishev) 一起，发表论文，提出了一种制造小型“黑洞”的理论和设计方案。他们的想法是通过模拟黑洞的一些性质，使在 “人造黑洞”附近出现的放射性物质被吸引，然后螺旋式地进入“黑洞”中心。

“我们的确是受到他的论文的启发，但研究本身是我们独立完成的。”程强对记者说。之所以能这么快将之变成现 实，是因为他们所在的实验室也一直从事着这方面的研究，在理论和实验两方面都积累了很多年的经验，实验过程 中也用到了很多他们自己的独创性想法。

不过虽然名为“黑洞”，他们受纳瑞马诺维启发而造的“黑洞”，和真正存在于宇宙中的黑洞还是有大差别的，这 种差别并不仅仅体现在质量的大小上。两种“黑洞”的原理其实并不一样。宇宙间的黑洞之所以能吞噬一切，是因 为它质量巨大，而实验室里的“黑洞”，实际上是根据光波在被吸进宇宙黑洞时的性质，模拟出来的仪器，可以令 光波接近时产生相似的扭曲，并被吸引。

也就是说，两种“黑洞”可以让附近的光波出现相似的“结局”，但是光波遇到的却并不是同一回事 。

不过目前东南大学实验室里的“黑洞”，还只是适用于某些微波频率，比如人们常用的通信频率， 如GSM、CDMA 和蓝牙等，吸引光波还有待进一步研究，因为光波的频率更短，需要设计的“人造黑洞”尺寸也要更 小些。

超强吸波装置

这样的“人造黑洞”，在未来可以用于发电。

“当电磁波遇到这台仪器，就会立刻被捕获，并且立刻被引入到仪器里，一直被吸进黑洞中心。没有电磁波可以逃 离这个黑洞。”崔铁军向《科学美国人》杂志描述“人造黑洞”时说。在他们的仪器中，被吸入的电磁波在中心位 置转化为热能。

根据《科学》杂志介绍，“人工黑洞”是一个直径22 厘米的装置。它有60 个同轴环，外层由40 个同心环组成。通过特别设计，研究组令同心环的从外到内的介电常数发生连续变化，而不同的介电常数，则能让 电磁波的方向发生相应改变。

程强把这台仪器描述成“一个超强吸波装置”。可以这样联想，一台“人造黑洞”仿佛一台吸力强大的“吸尘器” ，只要它所在的地方有电磁存在，那些电磁波或光波就会源源不断地被它收入囊中，不受任何其他外界条件的限制 。

用于获取能源，这样一个超强吸波装置仿佛正在打开一座看不见却内容丰厚的“宝藏”，用它来吸收太阳能，不仅 可以在任何天气里正常工作，甚至将之放入黑暗的宇宙里，它也能收集到同样多的电磁波或光波，并将之转化为热 能。

Bund



October 15, "Science" magazine, announced the world's first "ArtificialBlack hole "in China, Southeast University, the laboratory was born. However, this small" black hole "is not only does not destroy the world, but also to help people to better absorbSolar.

November 7 reported that it has a "black hole" in the name, although the size of "mini", but any passingElectromagneticWaves or light can not escape its gravitational pull. October 15, "Science" magazine, announced the world's first "artificial black hole" in China, Southeast UniversityExperimentalRoom was born. However, this small "black hole" is not only does not destroy the world, but also to help people to better absorb solar energy.

In the universe,HoleSwallow everything, even light. People are willing to talk of such objects, because it is mysterious, "temperament" strange: it is living in the universe where the most dark, and no one can directly observe it, and being close to any of its material, will be mercilessly dragging into its abyss , asteroids, dust,LightwaveTime, without exception.

People are curious about the black hole of such objects, but will not want to see any one near the black hole itself, or our planet. Now, however, there are some scientists in their laboratory produce weapons of a "black hole", a "mini" black hole. October 15 "Science" magazine in introducing such a "man-made black hole," suggested that people can put this "black hole" put into his coat pocket.

To create "artificial black hole" is China's Southeast University, a research group, Professor Cui Tiejun and Professor Cheng Jiang is one of the most important of the two researchers. "In fact, we have done the black hole is not in the strict sense of the black hole." In an interview with "Bund" interview, Professor Cheng Jiang told reporters.

The laboratory of the "artificial black hole",PurposeOf course, not to be an all-devouring, "devil" in their pocket. According to Qiang Cheng introduction, and now exist in the Millimeter Wave, Southeast University, National Laboratory "artificial black hole" is actually an analog device, the simulator can currently absorb the microwave bandElectromagneticIn the future, it can absorb light. But beyond that, it can not absorb any substantial things. "It only absorbs electromagnetic waves, does not absorb the energy." Qiang Cheng told reporters.

This is a non-dangerous "black hole", not only that, such a device can also be used to collect solar energy in the future. In this context, "artificial black hole" than any one of the world, solar panels are more efficient. Some physical enthusiasts and even this new device designed a number of new features, such as its device in the solar sail spacecraft, or used to absorb the electromagnetic waves scattered the air mid-stream - as the popularity of mobile phones and wireless networks, This invisible electromagnetic wave is said to infringe ourHealthHas become a new pollution.

However, to create "black hole" of the researchers was never much thought, and now Tie-Jun Cui and Qiang Cheng is continuing, is how the device into a laboratory prototype, realizing the "engineering." The face on the "man-made black hole" of a variety of discussions, Qiang Cheng that "the results were published, reproduced by many international media and comments, and indeed far beyond what we expected. From our personal point of view, I just feel it is a more meaningful task.

The laboratory of the "black hole"

"I feel very surprised, Cui and Cheng so quickly made a 'man-made black hole'!" When I saw the study results, Narayan Manuo Wei said.

Ivica root Narayan Manuo Wei (EvgeniiNarimanov) is a city of west lafayette, Indiana, a professor at Purdue University. Earlier this year, he and collaborator Alexander Kilday Xie (Alexander Kildishev) together to release the papers, put forward a way to make small "black hole" theory and design. Their idea is to simulate some properties of black holes, so that in the "man-made black hole" near the radioactive material is attracted, and then spiral into a "black hole" centers.

"We are indeed inspired by his paper, but the research itself is done independently." Qiang Cheng told reporters. Has been able to so quickly turning it into reality, because the laboratory where they have been engaged in research in this area, both in theory and experiment has accumulated many years of experience, the experiment also used a lot of their own the idea of originality.

But while we have a "black hole", they inspired by Narayan Manuo Wei-made "black hole", and the real existence in theUniverseThe black hole is still a big difference, this difference is not only reflected in the quality of size. Two kinds of "black hole" of the principles are not the same. The universe, black holes has been able to swallow everything, because it is great quality, while the lab's "black hole" in fact is based on light waves being sucked into a black hole when the nature of the universe, simulated instrument, you can make waves when they came close produce similar distortions, and is attractive.

In other words, two "black hole" in the vicinity of the waves can appear similar to the "end", but the waves are not encountered the same thing.

But it is now Southeast University laboratory of the "black hole", but also only apply to certain microwave frequencies, such as the one commonly used communication frequency, such as GSM, CDMA and Bluetooth and so on, to attract light waves to be further study because the frequency of light waves shorter need to design a "man-made black hole" of size have to be more smaller.

Super-absorbing device

Such "artificial black hole" in the future can be used to generate electricity.

"When the waves encountered by the instrument, it will immediately captured, and was immediately introduced into the apparatus, the center has been sucked into a black hole. There is no electromagnetic waves can escape from this black hole." Tie-Jun Cui to the "Scientific American" magazine described "man-made black hole, "he said. In their instruments have been inhaled into the electromagnetic waves in the center of heat.

According to "Science" magazine describes, the "artificial black hole" is a device with a diameter of 22 centimeters. It has 60 coaxial rings, the outer layer formed by 40 concentric rings. Through specially designed, the Study Group to make concentric rings from the outside to the continuous changes occurring within the dielectric constant, and different dielectric constant, then make a corresponding change in the direction of electromagnetic waves.

Qiang Cheng describes this instrument as "a super-absorbing device." It can be Lenovo, one Taiwan "man-made black hole" like a suction of a powerful "vacuum cleaner", as long as it exists in places where there are magnetic, electromagnetic waves or light waves that will continuously be it in the bag, without any other external conditions restrictions.

For access to energy, so that if it is being a super-absorbing device to open the contents of an invisible but substantial "treasures" and using it to absorb solar energy, not only can work in any weather, and even into the darkness of the universe It is also able to collect the same amount of electromagnetic waves or light waves, and converting it into heat.

GreenestGDP

USN - ONI 2009 AUG Paper on PLAN: http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/oni/pla-navy.pdf

PLAN will use the Super Silent Diesel Submarines ( Songs + Yuans ) as the Forward Spotter
for detecting the location of Aircraft Carrier Battle Group.

Quoted from USN - ONI PDF report on page 26 ... ...

lcloo

To catch up with a leader you don't have to re-invent the wheels.

An example, the telephone lines of China 3 decades ago was very much worst than most Asian developing nations like Malaysia and Thailand. Instead of building up the then traditional land line facilities, they built facilities for wireless cell phones. And now they are at the top.

Invention and innovation take times and effect, if China take advantage of the new knownledge discovered by US and put extra research effect into improvement, they save years of research and close the gap in expedited time.

EdT586

Very true and the Pentagon knows it, but one thing they are not mentioning to the public is "eugenics" !

Caucasians have an average IQ of 100 and East Asians in China have an average IQ of 104 times that by a population of 5 and you get the picture ! There are more honor students in China now than there are students in the US.

India will never be a superpower or ever match China with its population with only an average IQ of 85.

Sorry if I sound harsh, but facts are facts after 600+ studies !

Mightypeon

Eugenics suck, as do most IQ tests.

Basically, I cannot see much stopping China in what they usually were in history, one of the most important powers. If you compare the current "Mao Dynasty", with other dynasties, it shows a number of aspects that bode well for its further development.
1: The dynasty is ethnically Han, ruling over other ethnic Hans. The foreign Yuan and Quing Dynasties had far more trouble in controlling their populations, something that significantly decreased their performance.
2: China is not looking inward in the way f.e. the Ming did when they began their failures. Innovation is a important thing in order to have a thriving society, and the acknowledgement of foreign competetion will ensure that innovation will proceed.
3: It does not appear that the Chinese gouverment is out of touch with reality. Quite a number of Dynasties (not only Chinese, f.e. the Habsburgs also come to mind) As a matter of fact, I would attribute this more to the Americans still preaching the Mantra of the all powerfull godlike free market entity.

I can totally see a future where China and the US are the 2 main powers, with the EU (which is unlikely to unify without a severe foreign threat, something a conflict scenario between the US and China could create) and Russia (Underestimating Russia is a common "final mistake" for a couple of empires, but their population base appears to be a bit too small to contest the title of "strongest") beeing the runner ups.
Brazil will likely achieve dominance in South America. Concerning India...
I cannot predict what is going to happen there, but I am quite sure that Sino-Indian relations will have a significant impact on both the far east and on south east asia.

Compared to Brazil, India both has more dangerous Rivals (China, Pakistan, Iran), it has more internal problems (less homogenous population) and less areas to easily expand too.

vesicles

First of all, I feel that looking at IQ is a very dangerous way of predicting the future of even one person, much less a nation. The minute difference between IQs can be easily offset by other factors. So you can even say that the success of a person depends more on his/her personal attributes, such as work ethics, personality, the almighty networking and even a healthy dose of luck.

Plus, being good in school does not mean that you will succeed in real world. Being good at test taking is different from problem-solving skills and the ability to work under the pressure that you'll need in the real world. I've heard so many stories about people who do exceedingly well at school end up being underachievers at work.

Hmmmm, a person with 85 as an IQ would be considered "slow" (see below for a classification of IQ). I don't believe that a whole population would have an IQ that is borderline dumb... We have so many highly successful Indian scientists and engineers. In fact, if you go to any science conference, you'll see about 1/3 East Asian, 1/3 Caucasian and 1/3 Indian. I'm having a hard time believing that a society capable of generating so many brilliant minds only has an average IQ borderline dumb.
http://wilderdom.com/intelligence/IQWhatScoresMean.html

lcloo

There is one equation that will decide how fast China will catch up with US. that is flow of top brains. A lot of the top scientist and engineers in USA are not born there.

There seems to be a reverse of brain drain recently, it used to be that many Chinese students decided to stayed back in USA to work after their graduation, but now more scientist and engineers are going back to China.

These people will bring back their oversea experience that will accelerate the technology advancement. Also, there are many cases of Overseas Chinese scientist and engineers now working in China, many of them are from South East Asian countries.

vesicles

Agreed, However, an additional factor is how the talent should be used. Apparently, many government policies still limit the creative thinking that is critical to innovation. At least in the scientific fields, we have not seen the fruit of this backflow of talent into China. One indication: publication in prestigious journals from Chinese universities has been very limited. Nowadays, almost 80-90% of scientific publications you find in high-impact journals, like Science/Nature, have Chinese authors. And very likely, you will find the first author being Chinese, meaning that this person is the primary guy on the project. But these Chinese scholars are mostly doing work at Western universities. You can hardly find any publication coming straight from Mainland China.

I think the Chinese govn't has a long way to go to learn how to use the talent they are getting and don't let it go waste. That would involve many changes in policies.